[{"administration":"Tablets. Give with food.","adverseEffects":"Flatulence, diarrhea common. May contribute to episodes of hypoglycemia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Precose","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hypoglycemic agent:12.5-25 mg/DOG orally q12h with each meal. Can increase dose to 50 mg/DOG q12h.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":25,"dosemin":12.5,"doseper":12.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":12.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hypoglycemic agent:12.5 mg/CAT orally with each meal q12h. Can increase dose to 25 mg/CAT q12h.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Acarbose","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Acarbose (Precose)","value":1},{"administration":"Tablets, solutions for inhalation. Solutions must be sterilized with a 0.22-micron filter before injection or use in the eye. Dilute 10% solutions 1:4 with saline before IV administration.","adverseEffects":"Sulfurlike odor, bronchospasm if inhaled, GI distress for oral routes.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Mucomyst, N-acetylcysteine, NAC, ACC","bsa":"","calc":"Acetylcysteine","calcID":"Acetylcysteine2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hepatoprotection/antidote:Dilute 10% sterile NAC with sterile saline 1:4; administer 140 mg/kg IV over 20 minutes, then 70 mg/kg IV q6hDegenerative myelopathy:25 mg/kg PO q8h for 2 weeks, then q8h q other day given concurrently with aminocaproic acidCorneal ulceration:2%-6% solution topically q 2h for 24 hours, then q 6-8h for 1 week","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20% - 200 mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":1},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"cap","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"600mg/","perml":"cap","value":600,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":180,"dosemin":70,"doseper":70,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":70,"drugName":"Acetylcysteine","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"20% oral solution (200 mg/ml). Acetylcysteine tablets are lemon-flavored effervescent tablets for oral administration. 500 mg and 2.5-g tablets. Injectable solution:6 g of acetylcysteine in 30-ml vials for IV use (200 mg/ml).","hide":"","index":157,"infoLink":"Initial dose 140-180 mg/kg IV (dilute to 5%, slow IV with 0.2 micron filter over 15-20 min), then give 70mg/kg PO,IV for 7 treatments","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Acetylcysteine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,PO Initial 140-180 mg/kg IV, then 70mg/kg","small_animal_dosage":"Antidote:140 mg/kg (loading dose); then 70 mg/kg q4h IV or PO for five doses. Eye solution:2% solution topically q2h. To prevent contrast-medium nephropathy:17 mg/kg IV bolus followed by 17 mg/kg q12h for 48 hours. CRIs have been used to treat oxidative stress (50 mg/kg diluted in saline infused over 1 hour).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst)","value":2},{"administration":"Injectable solution","adverseEffects":"Can cause hypotension and cardiovascular collapse. Do not use to treat noise phobias (e.g., thunderstorms, fireworks). Use caution with higher mg/kg doses in large breed dogs. Total dose should not exceed 2-3 mg/dog and 1 mg/cat unless clinician-directed.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Aceproject, ACE","bsa":"","calc":"Acepromazine Injectable","calcID":"AcepromazineInjectable","canine_dose":"Sedation, tranquilization, premedication, or restraint:0.01-0.1 mg/kg IV slowly, IM, or SQ as a single dose. Maximum sedation in most patients likely occurs around 0.05 mg/kg. Total dose should not exceed 2-3 mg/dog; some references allow up to 4 mg/dog.","canineDosage":"Injectable:0.01-0.1 mg/kg IV slowly, IM, or SQ. Anesthetic premedication:0.02-0.05 mg/kg IM, SQ, or slow IV. Lower IV doses are recommended.","catdose":"","category":"Tranquilizer","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugName":"Acepromazine Injectable","feline_dose":"Sedation, tranquilization, premedication, or restraint:0.01-0.1 mg/kg IV slowly, IM, or SQ as a single dose. Total dose should not exceed 1 mg/cat.","felineDosage":"Injectable:0.01-0.1 mg/kg IV slowly, IM, or SQ. Anesthetic premedication:0.02-0.05 mg/kg IM, SQ, or slow IV. Lower IV doses are recommended.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Injectable solution commonly available as 10 mg/ml. Some products may differ by region.","hide":"","index":92,"indication":"Sedation, tranquilization, premedication, or restraint","large_animal_dosage":"Horses:0.04-0.1 mg/kg IM. Perioperative use:0.01-0.05 mg/kg IM, SQ, or IV. Treatment of laminitis:0.04 mg/kg IV. Cattle:0.03-0.1 mg/kg IM or 0.01-0.02 mg/kg IV. Pigs:adult 0.03-0.2 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ as a single dose.","multiply":3,"name":"Acepromazine Injectable","outputtext":"Check total dose limits:dogs generally should not exceed 2-3 mg total; cats should not exceed 1 mg total.","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV Slowly,SQ, IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs/Cats:0.01-0.1 mg/kg IV slowly, IM, or SQ as a single dose. Maximum sedation often occurs around 0.05 mg/kg. Lower doses are recommended when used IV or with opioids.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Acepromazine Injectable (Aceproject, ACE)","value":3},{"administration":"Oral tablets","adverseEffects":"Can cause hypotension and excessive sedation. Do not use to treat noise phobias (e.g., thunderstorms, fireworks). Oral dose recommendations vary widely; higher-end doses may be excessive in some patients.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"ACE","bsa":"","calc":"Acepromazine Oral","calcID":"AcepromazineOral","canine_dose":"Oral sedation/tranquilization:0.55-2.2 mg/kg PO. Dose recommendations vary widely; some clinicians consider the higher end of this range too high.","canineDosage":"Oral:0.55-2.2 mg/kg PO.","catdose":"","category":"Tranquilizer","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":2.2,"dosemin":0.55,"doseper":0.55,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.55,"drugName":"Acepromazine Oral","feline_dose":"Oral sedation/tranquilization:0.55-2.2 mg/kg PO. Dose recommendations vary widely; use conservative dosing when clinically appropriate.","felineDosage":"Oral:0.55-2.2 mg/kg PO.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"5 mg, 10 mg, and 25 mg tablets. Oral granules and powder may be available in some regions.","hide":"","index":93,"indication":"Oral sedation or tranquilization","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle:0.13-0.26 mg/kg PO.","multiply":3,"name":"Acepromazine Oral","outputtext":"Oral dose recommendations vary widely. Consider starting at the lower end of the range.","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/tab","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs/Cats:0.55-2.2 mg/kg PO. Some clinicians consider higher-end doses excessive.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Acepromazine Oral Tablets (ACE)","value":501},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, liquid formulations OTC","adverseEffects":"Oxidant damage to cells, hepatotoxicity, allergic reactions, cytopenias, facial edema, and KCS may occur in dogs.Cats are deficient in enzyme needed to conjugate and excrete drug (do not use in cats).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Paracetamol,Tylenol","bsa":"","calc":"Acetaminophen","calcID":"Acetaminophen2","canine_dose":"Follow dosing recommendations for codeine. Administer dosages of codeine equivalent to 0.5-1.0 mg/kg q4-6h PO.","canineDosage":"Analgesia:10-15 mg/kg PO q 8-12h (other analgesics preferred)","catdose":"","category":"Analgesic","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml(Inj)","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"120mg/","perml":"5mL(PO)","value":24,"id":3},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"5ml(PO)","value":50,"id":4},{"name":"160mg/","perml":"tab","value":160,"id":5},{"name":"325mg/","perml":"tab","value":325,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Acetaminophen","feline_dose":"Contraindicated.","felineDosage":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Acetaminophen +codeine combinations are available in oral solution and tablets. A variety of formulations are available (e.g., 300 mg acetaminophen plus 15, 30, or 60 mg codeine).","hide":"","index":190,"infoLink":"NOT FOR USE IN CATS","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Acetaminophen","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV Q8h *DOGS ONLY* <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs Follow dosing recommendations for codeine. Administer dosages of codeine equivalent to 0.5-1.0 mg/kg q4-6h PO. CatsContraindicated.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Acetaminophen (Tylenol)","value":4},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution with variable concentrations of each drug. CSS-III.","adverseEffects":"Oxidant damage to cells, hepatotoxicity, allergic reactions, cytopenias, facial edema, and KCS may occur in dogs.Cats are deficient in enzyme needed to conjugate and excrete drug (do not use in cats).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Pardale-V","calc":"Acetaminophen-Codeine","calcID":"Acetaminophen-Codeine2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Analgesia:1-2 mg/kg as based on codeine component (as long as acetaminophen ≤15 mg/kg) PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Analgesic Narcotic","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":400,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":33,"dosemin":5,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":33,"drugName":"Acetaminophen with codeine","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"","hide":"","index":191,"infoLink":"400mg Acetaminophen and 9 mg codeine phosphate tablets. <br/>Acetaminophen-Codeine can be dosed at 1 tablet per 12kg body weight (equivalent to 33 mg/kg) q8h <br/><b>*NOT FOR USE IN CATS*</b>","multiply":"","name":"Acetaminophen-Codeine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/tab","route":"PO, Q8h *DOGS ONLY* <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Acetaminophen with codeine (Tylenol #3)","value":5},{"administration":"Oral capsules","adverseEffects":"Teratogen. Do not use in pregnant animals, and avoid use in households with pregnant women.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Soriatane","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Keratinization disorders:0.5-1.32 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"17.5 mg/","perml":"cap","value":17.5,"id":2},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":3,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":3,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Keratinization disorders:3 mg/kg or one 10-mg capsule/CAT q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Acitretin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Q24h","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Acitretin (Soriatane)","value":6},{"administration":"Tablets, oral suspension. Give with food.","adverseEffects":"Not recommended in dogs or cats due to high risk of myelosuppression.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Albenza, Valbazen","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Giardia when other treatments have failed:25 mg/kg PO q12h for 3-5 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"ml","value":40,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":25,"dosemin":5,"doseper":25,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Giardia when other treatments have failed:15-25 mg/kg PO q12h for 3-5 days","fluids":"","formulations":"113.6- and 45.5 mg/ml suspension and 300 mg/ml paste.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"CattleAntiparasitic:Single dose of 10 mg/kg oral paste or 10 mg/kg (suspension) PO. HorsesDictyocaulus arnfieldi:25 mg/kg q12h for 5 days. Strongylus vulgaris:50 mg/kg q12h for 2 days.Sheep and goatsSingle dose of 7.5 mg/kg oral suspension.","multiply":"","name":"Albendazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Q12h x 3 days","small_animal_dosage":"Anthelmintic dosage:25-50 mg/kg q12h PO for 3 days. Respiratory parasites:50 mg/kg q24h PO for 10-14 days. Giardia:25 mg/kg q12h PO for 2 days.Birds50-100 mg/kg once per day for 2-9 days.","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":"","title":"Albendazole (Albenza, Valbazen)","value":7},{"administration":"Tablets, extended-release tablets, oral syrup, and metered-dose inhalers. Inhalers must be used in combination with an appropriate spacer and face mask.","adverseEffects":"Use with caution in patients with cardiac dysrhythmias or dysfunction, seizure disorders, hypertension, or hyperthyroidism. Intoxication can cause severe hypokalemia. Chronic, frequent inhalational use should be avoided due to proinflammatory effects.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Proventil, Ventolin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Bronchodilation:0.02-0.05 mg/kg (20-50 mcg/kg) PO q 8-12h as needed. Inhalation via metered-dose inhaler (1-2 puffs of 90 mcg q 8-12h) or nebulization for short-term or occasional use.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"4 mg/","perml":"tab","value":4,"id":2},{"name":"8 mg/","perml":"tab","value":8,"id":3},{"name":"2 mg/5","perml":"ml","value":0.4,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.02,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.02,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Acute asthma:1 puff (90 mcg) with an appropriate spacer and mask. May repeat q 30 minutes for up to 4-6 hours in acute episodes.","fluids":"","formulations":"2- and 4 mg tablets and 2 mg/5-ml syrup. Solutions for inhalation are 0.83 and 5 mg/ml. The equine formulation contained 6.7 g of formulated albuterol sulfate in a pressurized aluminum canister. This formulation is no longer commercially available for horses. Human metered-dose inhalers are available in various sizes ranging from 6.7 to 18 g, with 90 mcg per actuation.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesDeliver sufficient actuations of the metered-dose inhaler to administer 360 mcg per horse—equivalent to 4 actuations of a 90-mcg human metered-dose inhaler. This dose can be administered up to four times daily. Foals:0.01-0.02 mg/kg q8-12h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Albuterol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO Q8-12h, Nebulization","small_animal_dosage":"20-50 mcg/kg q6-8h PO, up to a maximum of 100 mcg/kg q6h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Albuterol (Proventil, Ventolin)","value":8},{"administration":"Tablets, injection","adverseEffects":"Use with caution in patients with renal or hepatic dysfunction. Less common adverse effects include bone marrow suppression, severe dermatologic reactions, hepatitis, and vasculitis.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Zyloprim","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Urate urolith prevention:10 mg/kg q8h PO; then reduce to 10 mg/kg q24h PO. Leishmaniasis:10 mg/kg q12h PO for at least 4 months and as long as 6 months. For leishmaniasis, some clinicians have used 15 mg/kg q12h, and then if there is a response, have administered 7-10 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","canineDosage":"Dissolution of urate uroliths:10 mg/kg PO q8h or 15 mg/kg PO q12h for up to 4 weeks; 10 mg/kg PO q24h to prevent recurrenceLeishmaniasis:5-20 mg/kg PO q12h alone or in combination with meglumine antimoniate or miltefosine","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"300 mg/","perml":"tab","value":300,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Leishmaniasis:10-20 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"100 and 300 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses5 mg/kg PO.","multiply":"","name":"Allopurinol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q 12-24h","small_animal_dosage":"DogsUrate urolith prevention:10 mg/kg q8h PO; then reduce to 10 mg/kg q24h PO. Leishmaniasis:10 mg/kg q12h PO for at least 4 months and as long as 6 months. For leishmaniasis, some clinicians have used 15 mg/kg q12h, and then if there is a response, have administered 7-10 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Allopurinol (Zyloprim)","value":10},{"administration":"Tablets, extended-release tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, oral solution. CSS-IV.","adverseEffects":"Sedation is common. Use with caution in hepatic or renal disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Xanax","bsa":"","calc":"Alprazolam","calcID":"Alprazolam2","canine_dose":"0.025-0.05 mg/kg q8h PO. Increase to 0.1 mg/kg if needed. Administration more frequently (q4-6h) has been used in some patients.","canineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:0.02-0.1 mg/kg (usually 0.02-0.05 mg/kg initially) PO q 6-12h as needed","catdose":"","category":"Sedative","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.25mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.25,"id":1},{"name":"0.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.5,"id":2},{"name":"1mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":3},{"name":"2mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.02,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugName":"Alprazolam","feline_dose":"0.125 mg/cat q12h PO (half of 0.25 mg tablet) or 0.0125-0.025 mg/kg q12h PO and up to q8h.","felineDosage":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg tablets and 1- and 2 mg scored tablets. Rapidly dissolving tablets (Niravam) are available in 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg that can be cut for accurate dosing.","hide":"","index":154,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesLoading dose of 0.1 mg/kg initially followed by 0.04 mg/kg q12h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Alprazolam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, Q8-12hrs, <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.125-0.25 mg/cat","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.025-0.05 mg/kg q8h PO. Increase to 0.1 mg/kg if needed. Administration more frequently (q4-6h) has been used in some patients. Cats0.125 mg/cat q12h PO (half of 0.25 mg tablet) or 0.0125-0.025 mg/kg q12h PO and up to q8h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Alprazolam (Xanax)","value":11},{"administration":"Oral suspension. Compounding pharmacies may compound capsules or provide metered scoops of dry powder for addition to food. Give with meals 1 hour before or 2 hours after other drugs.","adverseEffects":"Avoid giving concurrently with other medications to avoid drug interactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Amphojel","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Aluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals).","canineDosage":"Hyperphosphatemia:Initial dose of 30-40 mg/kg per day in divided doses and mixed with food; titrate up to 100 mg/kg as necessary","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"64 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"600 mg/","perml":"tab","value":600,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Aluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals).","felineDosage":"Hyperphosphatemia:Initial dose of 30-40 mg/kg per day in divided doses and mixed with food; titrate up to 100 mg/kg as necessary","fluids":"","formulations":"hydroxide gel64 mg/ml oral suspension and 600 mg tablet. Aluminum carbonate gelcapsules (equivalent to 500 mg aluminum hydroxide). Note:Products containing aluminum may no longer be available from many sources, and other products may be used, such as Lenziaren, which is a complex of iron oxide/hydroxide for cats.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesAntacid:60 mg/kg q8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Aluminum hydroxide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"q8h PO (with meals)","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). CatsAluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel)","value":12},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, syrup","adverseEffects":"GI upset occurs commonly in dogs at onset of treatment. Use with caution in patients with hepatic disease, renal disease (dosage adjustment may be required), CHF, active psychoses, eczematoid dermatitis, or seizure disorders.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Symmetrel","bsa":"","calc":"Amantadine","calcID":"Amantadine2","canine_dose":"For pain treatment, 3-5 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Adjunct analgesia:2-5 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg","perml":"tab/cap","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"2","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"drugName":"Amantadine","feline_dose":"3 mg/kg q24h PO for treatment of pain, up to a dose of 5 mg/kg in some cases.","felineDosage":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"100 mg capsules, 100 mg tablets, and 10 mg/ml syrup.","hide":"","index":188,"infoLink":"Overdosing can be serious; advise compounding for more accurate dosing","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Amantadine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO Q24h","small_animal_dosage":"DogsFor pain treatment, 3-5 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats3 mg/kg q24h PO for treatment of pain, up to a dose of 5 mg/kg in some cases.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Amantadine (Symmetrel)","value":13},{"administration":"Injection. For intravenous administration, should be further diluted with normal saline or D5W and administered over 30-60 minutes.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, neuromuscular blockade; these adverse effects may be worse in cats. Use carefully (if at all) in animals that have renal insufficiency or are dehydrated. Dose reduction has been suggested for sighthounds.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Amikin, Amiglyde-V","calc":"Amikacin","calcID":"Amikacin2","canine_dose":"15 mg/kg q24h IV, IM, or SQ.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:15-30 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q24h","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":30,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Amikacin sulfate","feline_dose":"10 mg/kg q24h IV, IM, or SQ.","felineDosage":"","formulations":"50- or 250 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":63,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesAdult:10 mg/kg q24h IV or IM. Foal:20 mg/kg q24h IV. Intrauterine use:Administer 2 g (8 ml) diluted in 200-ml sterile saline solution in uterus once per day for 3 days. Regional limb perfusion:Doses have ranged from 125 to 500 mg per limb, diluted in 60 ml of saline.Cattle (not recommended in food-producing animals)Adult:10 mg/kg q24h IM, IV, or SQ. Calf (younger than 2 weeks of age):20 mg/kg q24h IV or IM.","multiply":"","name":"Amikacin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs15 mg/kg q24h IV, IM, or SQ. Cats10 mg/kg q24h IV, IM, or SQ.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Amikacin sulfate (Amikin, Amiglyde-V)","value":14},{"administration":"Tablets are no longer commercially available, though compounding pharmacists may prepare oral capsules from the powder. The injectable formulation may be given orally followed by at least 6 ml of water or food.","adverseEffects":"CNS stimulation and GI upset","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Truphylline","bsa":"","calc":"Aminophylline","calcID":"Aminophylline2","canine_dose":"10 mg/kg q8h IM or IV.","canineDosage":"Bronchodilator:5-10 mg/kg PO q 8-24h; can be given IM or diluted for slow IV administration for emergent bronchodilation","catdose":"","category":"Respiratory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":11,"dosemin":3,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Aminophylline","feline_dose":"6.6 mg/kg q12h IM or IV.","felineDosage":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"25 mg/ml injection. A dose of 25 mg/ml of anhydrous aminophylline is equivalent to 19.7 mg of anhydrous theophylline per milliliter. Oral forms have been discontinued; for oral administration, use theophylline instead.","hide":"","index":139,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreatment of recurrent airway obstructions:12 mg/kg initial dose followed by 5 mg/kg q12h. Aminophylline administered IV to horses has caused transient excitement and restlessness. Give IV administration slowly. Cattle10 mg/kg q8h IV or 23 mg/kg PO, administered once as a single dose.","multiply":"","name":"Aminophylline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM Q6-8hrs","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs10 mg/kg q8h IM or IV. Cats6.6 mg/kg q12h IM or IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Aminophylline","value":17},{"administration":"Tablets, injection. Some brands of intravenous products may cause serious histamine reaction in dogs.","adverseEffects":"GI upset is common. Corneal deposits, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, bradycardia, hepatotoxicity, and positive Coombs' tests have also been reported.","alternatenames":"","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Cordarone, Pacerone","calc":"Amiodarone","calcID":"Amiodarone2","canine_dose":"Ventricular arrhythmias:10-15 mg/kg q12h PO for 1 week and then 5-7.5 mg/kg q12h for 2 weeks followed by a maintenance dose of 7.5 mg/kg q24h. Refractory arrhythmias:25 mg/kg q12h PO for 4 days followed by 25 mg/kg q24h PO. Atrial fibrillation:15 mg/kg loading dose for 5 days followed by 10 mg/kg per day PO thereafter. Boxer or Doberman:200 mg per dog q12h for 1 week PO followed by 200 mg once daily thereafter. Doses as high as two times these rates have been administered but with a higher risk of toxicity. Treatment of arrhythmias with injection formulation:5 mg/kg, slowly IV over 10 minutes. Use cautiously because of risk of adverse effects.","canineDosage":"Arrhythmias:Initial loading dosage of 8-10 mg/kg PO q12h for 1 week and then reduced to 5-10 mg/kg PO q24h thereafter","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":0},{"name":"1.5mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.5,"id":1},{"name":"1.8mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.8,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":4},{"name":"400mg/","perml":"tab","value":400,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Amiodarone","feline_dose":"No dose has been reported for cats.","felineDosage":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Oral:Amiodarone100, 200, and 400 mg tablets. Injection:50 mg/ml injection and a 1.5 and a 1.8 mg/ml injectable under the name Nexterone. A new formulation (PM101) uses a different vehicle to enhance solubility rather than Polysorbate 80. This vehicle, beta-cyclodextrin (Captisol), forms a hydrophilic central core and is less likely to elicit an allergic-type reaction.","index":118,"indication":"Antiarrhythmic","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreatment of atrial fibrillation or ventricular tachycardia:5 mg/kg/h for 1 hour followed by 0.83 mg/kg/h for 23 hours IV. Oral absorption was low and inconsistent and has not been recommended.","name":"Amiodarone","notes":"Antiarrhythmic","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"DogsVentricular arrhythmias:10-15 mg/kg q12h PO for 1 week and then 5-7.5 mg/kg q12h for 2 weeks followed by a maintenance dose of 7.5 mg/kg q24h. Refractory arrhythmias:25 mg/kg q12h PO for 4 days followed by 25 mg/kg q24h PO. Atrial fibrillation:15 mg/kg loading dose for 5 days followed by 10 mg/kg per day PO thereafter. Boxer or Doberman:200 mg per dog q12h for 1 week PO followed by 200 mg once daily thereafter. Doses as high as two times these rates have been administered but with a higher risk of toxicity. Treatment of arrhythmias with injection formulation:5 mg/kg, slowly IV over 10 minutes. Use cautiously because of risk of adverse effects. CatsNo dose has been reported for cats.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Amiodarone (Cordarone, Pacerone)","value":18},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Anticholinergic side effects are common. Do not use with MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz). Use with caution in patients with thyroid disorders, urinary retention, hepatic disorders, KCS, glaucoma, cardiac rhythm disorders, DM, or adrenal tumors due to anticholinergic adverse effects.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Elavil","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"1-2 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","canineDosage":"Adjunctive therapy for behavioral disorders:1-2 mg/kg PO q12hAdjunctive analgesic therapy:3-4 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":4},{"name":"75 mg/","perml":"","value":75,"id":5},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"","value":100,"id":6},{"name":"150 mg/","perml":"tab","value":150,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2-4 mg per cat/day PO (0.5-1.0 mg/kg PO per day). The dose for cats may be divided into 12-hour intervals. Idiopathic cystitis:2 mg/kg/day PO or a range of 2.5-7.5 mg/cat/day. (This indication is controversial.)","felineDosage":"Anxiolytic for lower urinary tract syndrome:5-10 mg/CAT (0.5-1 mg/kg) PO q24h (can be divided twice daily)","fluids":"","formulations":"10, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 mg tablets. The injectable formulation is no longer marketed in the United States.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Amitriptyline HCl","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, q12-24h PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs1-2 mg/kg q12-24h PO. Cats2-4 mg per cat/day PO (0.5-1.0 mg/kg PO per day). The dose for cats may be divided into 12-hour intervals. Idiopathic cystitis:2 mg/kg/day PO or a range of 2.5-7.5 mg/cat/day. (This indication is controversial.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Amitriptyline HCl (Elavil)","value":20},{"administration":"Tablets. May be compounded into a stable oral suspension.","adverseEffects":"Titrate dose upward as needed to reduce risk of anorexia and syncope (cats). Gingival hyperplasia has been reported in dogs. Hypotension and bradycardia are possible in dogs and cats.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Norvasc, Istin","bsa":"","calc":"Amlodipine","calcID":"Amlodipine2","canine_dose":"2.5 mg/dog or 0.1-0.5 mg/kg q24h PO. The higher dose of 0.5 mg/kg may be needed in refractory cases to reduce blood pressure.","canineDosage":"Hypertension:0.1-0.5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h; titrate up to effect with maximum dose 1 mg/kg/day","catdose":"","category":"Cardiac","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1.25mg/","perml":"tab","value":1.25,"id":1},{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":2},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":3},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugName":"Amlodipine","feline_dose":"0.625 mg/cat initially q24h PO and increase if needed to 1.25 mg/cat. The dose of 0.625 mg is one eighth of a 5 mg human tablet. The average recommended dose for most cats is 0.18 mg/kg once daily for hypertension.","felineDosage":"Hypertension:0.625 mg/CAT PO q 12-24h, or 0.125-0.25 mg/kg PO q24h up to 0.5 mg/kg as needed","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"2.5, 5, and 10 mg tablets. (Tablets are difficult to split for small animals.)","hide":"","index":4,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Amlodipine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SID PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2.5 mg/dog or 0.1-0.5 mg/kg q24h PO. The higher dose of 0.5 mg/kg may be needed in refractory cases to reduce blood pressure. Cats0.625 mg/cat initially q24h PO and increase if needed to 1.25 mg/cat. The dose of 0.625 mg is one eighth of a 5 mg human tablet. The average recommended dose for most cats is 0.18 mg/kg once daily for hypertension.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Amlodipine (Norvasc, Istin)","value":21},{"administration":"Tablets. Compounding pharmacies may supply metered scoops of bulk powder for addition to food.","adverseEffects":"Most common adverse effect is GI upset. May result in metabolic acidosis. Contraindicated in patients with uremia or hepatic encephalopathy (tolerance test dangerous and not necessary if fasting ammonia is elevated).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Uroeze","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"100 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Urinary acidification:20 mg/kg PO q 8-12h Intoxication benefiting from acidification:50 mg/kg PO q6hAmmonia tolerance test:100 mg/kg PO or by enema once (check fasting ammonia first; if increased, test should not be performed)","catdose":20,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i>800mg/cat or 20mg/kg, with food</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20% (200mg/)","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":1},{"name":"2% (20mg/)","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":100,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>100 mg/kg q12h PO</span>","dosemax":100,"dosemin":20,"doseper":20,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"800 mg/cat or 20 mg/kg (approximately one third to one quarter teaspoon) mixed with food daily.","felineDosage":"Urinary acidification:20 mg/kg PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"crystals.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesAcidifier:100-250 mg/kg q24h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Ammonium chloride","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q12h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs100 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats800 mg/cat or 20 mg/kg (approximately one third to one quarter teaspoon) mixed with food daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ammonium chloride","value":22},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, powder for oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Most common adverse effect is GI upset. Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Amoxil, Amoxi-Tabs, Amoxi-Drop","bsa":"","calc":"Amoxicillin","calcID":"Amoxicillin2","canine_dose":"12.5 mg/kg q12h PO. (Dose is based on combined ingredients:amoxicillin and clavulanate.)","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:11-20 mg/kg PO q 8-12hBorreliosis infections:20 mg/kg PO q8h for 30 days","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"150mg/","perml":"tab","value":150,"id":4},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":5},{"name":"400mg/","perml":"tab","value":400,"id":6},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"cap","value":250,"id":7},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"cap","value":500,"id":8}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":22,"dosemin":11,"doseper":11,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":11,"drugName":"Amoxicillin","feline_dose":"62.5 mg/cat q12h PO; equivalent to 12.5 mg/kg amoxicillin and 3.12 mg/kg clavulanate q12h.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:11-15 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"+ clavulanateveterinary dose form:62.5, 125, 250, and 375 mg tablets and 62.5 mg/ml suspension in a ratio of amoxicillin:clavulanate ratio of 4:1. Amoxicillin + clavulanatehuman dose form:250/125, 500/125, and 875/125 mg tablets. Amoxicillin + clavulanate125/31.25, 200/28.5, 250/62.5, and 400/57 mg chewable tablets Oral suspension 125/31.25, 200/28.5, 250/62.5, and 400/57 mg per 5 ml.","hide":"","index":64,"large_animal_dosage":"Amoxicillin + clavulanate is only available in an oral formulation. Because these components are not absorbed orally in large animal species, this drug is not recommended.","multiply":"","name":"Amoxicillin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs12.5 mg/kg q12h PO. (Dose is based on combined ingredients:amoxicillin and clavulanate.) Cats62.5 mg/cat q12h PO; equivalent to 12.5 mg/kg amoxicillin and 3.12 mg/kg clavulanate q12h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Amoxicillin (Amoxil, Amoxi-Tabs, Amoxi-Drop)","value":23},{"administration":"Injection, capsules. Amoxicillin is preferred over ampicillin for oral administration.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events are usually GI; hypersensitivity has been reported. Many dosing references to IV ampicillin are appropriate only for ampicillin sodium solutions for injection. Ampicillin trihydrate suspension for injection (Polyflex) should not be given IV.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Princillin, Omnipen, Polyflex","bsa":"","calc":"Ampicillin","calcID":"Ampicillin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20-40 mg/kg IV q 6-8h. Higher dosages required for many enterococcal infections.","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"ml","value":250,"id":2},{"name":"125mg/","perml":"cap","value":125,"id":3},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"cap","value":250,"id":4},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"cap","value":500,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":22,"dosemin":6.6,"doseper":6.6,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":6.6,"drugName":"Ampicillin","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20-40 mg/kg IV q 6-8h. Higher dosages required for many enterococcal infections.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"+ sulbactam2:1 combination for injection and 1.5 and 3-g vials.","hide":"","index":66,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses and Ruminants11 mg/kg, or 22 mg/kg q12h, IM or IV.","multiply":"","name":"Ampicillin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID","small_animal_dosage":"Doses are similar to those used for ampicillin (when dosed according to ampicillin component) 10 mg/kg q8h IV or IM.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ampicillin (Princillin, Omnipen, Polyflex)","value":27},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Injections can cause pain (IM and SQ) or thrombophlebitis (IV). Hepatotoxicity has been reported in humans and anecdotally observed in dogs. Hypersensitivity reactions occasionally reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Unasyn","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20-30 mg/kg IV q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"30mg/","perml":"ml","value":30,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":15,"doseper":22,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":22,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20-30 mg/kg IV q 6-8h","fluids":"","formulations":"+ sulbactam2:1 combination for injection and 1.5 and 3-g vials.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses and Ruminants11 mg/kg, or 22 mg/kg q12h, IM or IV.","multiply":"","name":"Ampicillin + sulbactam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV slow, Q6-8 hrs","small_animal_dosage":"Doses are similar to those used for ampicillin (when dosed according to ampicillin component) 10 mg/kg q8h IV or IM.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ampicillin + sulbactam (Unasyn)","value":28},{"administration":"Usually compounded. Tablets or injectable product for humans is not readily available for veterinary use.","adverseEffects":"Overdoses in dogs may result in cardiorespiratory depression, CNS stimulation/depression and protracted vomiting. Naloxone reverses CNS and respiratory symptoms, but does not affect vomiting. Contraindicated in cats.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Apometic, Apokyn","bsa":"","calc":"Apomorphine","calcID":"Apomorphine2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Emesis induction:0.03 mg/kg IV, 0.04 mg/kg IM (least preferred), orto 1 tablet/DOG crushed and dissolved in small volume sterile saline instilled in conjunctival sac (rinse eye after emesis)","catdose":"","category":"Emetic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"3mg/","perml":"ml","value":3,"id":2},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.04,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.03,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.03,"drugName":"Apomorphine","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"is available in 6 mg tablets that can be hydrolyzed prior to use or10 mg/ml concentration in a 2-ml ampule or 3-ml preloaded syringes. If apomorphine is not available from commercial sources, it has been prepared by compounding pharmacists. One approach is to mix 20 mg apomorphine in a sterile vial with 4.4 ml of sterile water to make a solution of 5 mg/ml. From this solution, drops may be added to the eye to induce vomiting.","hide":"","index":0,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals because they typically do not vomit.","multiply":"","name":"Apomorphine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV Once, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"(Less effective in cats.)0.03-0.05 mg/kg IM. 0.1 mg/kg SQ. Dissolve 6 mg tablet in 1-2 ml of 0.9% saline solution and instill directly in the conjunctiva of the eye. After animal vomits, the conjunctiva may be rinsed of residual drug with an eye wash solution.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Apomorphine (Apometic, Apokyn)","value":30},{"administration":"Tablets, injection","adverseEffects":"Use to reverse methemoglobinemia is controversial.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"vitamin C","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antioxidant:20-30 mg/kg PO, IM, or slow IV q 6-8h for 2-3 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":250,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":20,"doseper":20,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":20,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antioxidant:20-30 mg/kg PO, IM, or slow IV q 6-8h for 2-3 days","fluids":"","formulations":"acidtablets of various sizes and injections. Typically, the injection form is 250 mg sodium ascorbate/ml. The formulation of Ester-C appears to be absorbed similarly to the crystalline form of vitamin C.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Vitamin C supplementation:1-10 ml IM or IV. Repeat daily as needed. 1-2 g q24h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Ascorbic acid","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, IM, or slow IV q 6-8h","small_animal_dosage":"Dietary supplementation:100-500 mg/animal/day PO. Urinary acidification:100 mg/animal q8h PO. Injectable dose ranges from 1 to 10 ml (250 mg/ml), depending on size of animal, IM or IV. For treatment of oxidative stress:Dogs:500-1000 mg/dog q24h, PO; cats:125 mg/cat, PO, q12h.Guinea pigs16 mg/kg twice weekly IM to treat vitamin deficiency.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ascorbic acid (vitamin C)","value":31},{"administration":"Plain or enteric-coated tablets or effervescent tablets for dissolution in water","adverseEffects":"Enteric-coated tablets for humans may be released erratically or not at all in dogs and cats. Highly protein bound; use lower doses in hypoalbuminemic patients. Dogs are more sensitive to GI ulceration than cats. Aspirin has an extended half-life (30 hours) in cats.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Bayer, Bufferin, Ecotrin","bsa":"","calc":"Aspirin","calcID":"Aspirin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antithrombotic:0.5-2 mg/kg PO q 12-24hAnalgesia:10 mg/kg PO q12h (alternative analgesics preferred)","catdose":"10","category":"NSAID","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"81mg/","perml":"tab","value":81,"id":1},{"name":"325mg/","perml":"tab","value":325,"id":2},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":1,"doseper":10,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Aspirin","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Analgesic/antipyretic/Anti-inflammatory:10 mg/kg PO q 48-72hAntithrombotic:5 mg/CAT PO q 72h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"81 mg (children’s aspirin) and 325 mg tablets. For large animals, aspirin240-grain bolus (14,400 mg) and 3.9, 15.6, and 31.2-g tablets. Extended-release form for antiplatelet treatment (Durlaza):16.2 mg capsule. (Do not open or break capsule.)","hide":"","index":1,"large_animal_dosage":"Ruminants100 mg/kg q12h PO. Doses as high as 333 mg/kg have been administered to cattle.Swine10 mg/kg q6-8h PO. Horses25-50 mg/kg q12h PO (up to 100 mg/kg PO per day).","multiply":"","name":"Aspirin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> Q24h, <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> Q2-3 days","small_animal_dosage":"Mild Analgesia Dogs 10 mg/kg q12h PO.Cats10 mg/kg q48h PO. Anti-inflammatory Dogs20-25 mg/kg q12h PO.Cats10-20 mg/kg q48h PO. Antiplatelet DogsTypical doses are in the range of 1-5 mg/kg but have been as high as 5-10 mg/kg q24-48h PO to obtain a greater response. (Convincing evidence of a consistent antiplatelet clinical benefit in dogs is lacking.) Cats80 mg/cat q48h PO. Doses have ranged from 5 mg per cat q72h to 80 mg per cat (one tablet) q72h. No clinical studies have documented efficacy from either dose.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Aspirin","value":33,"catWarning":"Cats have prolonged half-life (44 hours vs 8 hours in dogs). Use ONLY q48-72h. High toxicity risk."},{"administration":"Tablets. Compounding pharmacies may prepare stable oral suspensions. Reduce dose with renal dysfunction.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include bradycardia, inappetence, lethargy and depression, impaired AV conduction, CHF, hypotension, and hypoglycemia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Tenormin","bsa":"","calc":"Atenolol","calcID":"Atenolol2","canine_dose":"6.25-12.5 mg/dog q12-24h (or 0.25-1.0 mg/kg q12-24h) PO. Start with 1 mg/kg PO q12h initially and lower dose as needed to maintain optimum heart rate. However, doses in dogs also have been increased to 3 mg/kg q12-24h PO for some conditions.","canineDosage":"Cardiovascular indications:0.25-1.5 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Cardiac","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1.5,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Atenolol","feline_dose":"1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. However, because of tablet size, a common dosage is 6.25-12.5 mg/cat q12-24h PO (one quarter or one half tablet).","felineDosage":"Cardiovascular indications, including hypertension:6.25 mg/CAT ( of a 25-mg tablet) PO q12h. Dosage may be titrated upward to maximum of 25 mg q12h.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"25, 50, and 100 mg tablets. (Tablets can be split for small animals.)","hide":"","index":5,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Atenolol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs6.25-12.5 mg/dog q12-24h (or 0.25-1.0 mg/kg q12-24h) PO. Start with 1 mg/kg PO q12h initially and lower dose as needed to maintain optimum heart rate. However, doses in dogs also have been increased to 3 mg/kg q12-24h PO for some conditions. Cats1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. However, because of tablet size, a common dosage is 6.25-12.5 mg/cat q12-24h PO (one quarter or one half tablet).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Atenolol (Tenormin)","value":34},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Occasionally GI signs, hypersalivation, or tremors are seen. Reversal is rapid, so exercise caution as animal may be briefly hyperexcitable or hyper-reactive.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Antisedan","bsa":true,"calc":"Atipamezole","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Alpha-adrenergic reversal:3750 mcg/m2 IM once; practically, ml for ml volume equivalent to dexmedetomidine or medetomidine usedAmitraz toxicity:50 mcg/kg IM up to q4h prn","catdose":"","category":"Other Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"antisedan","color":"green","concentration":5000,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":6000,"dosemin":3750,"doseper":3750,"dosestep":100,"dosevalue":3750,"drugName":"Atipamezole","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Alpha-adrenergic reversal agent:ml for ml volume equivalent to medetomidine","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"atipamezole","formulations":"5 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":130,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses:The dosage used in horses is 60-80 mcg/kg (0.06-0.08 mg/kg) IV but has ranged up to 150 mcg/kg (0.15 mg/kg). Typically, 100 mcg/kg (0.1 mg/kg) IV is used to reverse detomidine.","multiply":"","name":"Atipamezole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/m2","dose_basis":"mcg_per_m2","perml":"mcg/ml","route":"IM,IV","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Atipamezole (Antisedan)","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":35},{"administration":"Oral suspension (preferred) or oral tablets in combination with proguanil. Best absorbed with food.","adverseEffects":"Oral suspension is very viscous and opaque; suspension drawn up into oral dosing syringes should be allowed to settle, undisturbed, protected from light to ensure that all air bubbles have dissipated so that an accurate dose can be achieved.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Mepron, Malarone","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Antiprotozoal treatment:13-15 mg/kg q8h PO for 10 days, usually in combination with azithromycin (10 mg/kg q24h PO).","canineDosage":"Susceptible infection:15 mg/kg PO q8h with a fatty meal; often combined with azithromycin","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":150,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":15,"dosemin":10,"doseper":15,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"15 mg/kg q8h PO in combination with azithromycin (10 mg/kg q24h). DogsAntiprotozoal treatment:13-15 mg/kg q8h PO for 10 days, usually in combination with azithromycin (10 mg/kg q24h PO).","felineDosage":"Cytauxzoonosis:15 mg/kg PO q8h, with azithromycin","fluids":"","formulations":"750 mg/5-ml liquid oral suspension (150 mg/ml). The 250 mg tablets have been discontinued, but it has been compounded into 250 capsules by some compounding pharmacies.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose reported.","multiply":"","name":"Atovaquone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO q8h, with Azithromycin","small_animal_dosage":"Cats15 mg/kg q8h PO in combination with azithromycin (10 mg/kg q24h). DogsAntiprotozoal treatment:13-15 mg/kg q8h PO for 10 days, usually in combination with azithromycin (10 mg/kg q24h PO).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Atovaquone (Mepron, Malarone)","value":36},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are dose related and include dry mouth, increased viscosity of secretions, dysphagia, constipation, vomiting, thirst, urinary retention, CNS effects, arrhythmias, and others.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"AtroPen, Isopto Atropine","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.02-0.04 mg/kg q6-8h IV, IM, or SQ (complete dose range has been from 0.01 mg/kg to 0.06 mg/kg, depending on the indication). Sinus bradycardia:0.005-0.01 mg/kg, but for use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, up to 0.04 mg/kg. Cardiac arrest:0.04 mg/kg IV (with other supportive measures).","canineDosage":"Bradycardia:0.04 mg/kg IV (during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; can be given intratracheal or intraosseous if no vascular access), or divided IV and IMOrganophosphate intoxication:0.1-0.5 mg/kg; givedose IV and the remainder SQ or IMPreanesthetic:0.01- 0.02 mg/kg IM or IV","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.4 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.4},{"name":"0.54 mg/","perml":"ml","selected":"selected","value":0.54},{"name":"0.65 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.65},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.02,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.02-0.04 mg/kg q6-8h IV, IM, or SQ. DogsFor organophosphate and carbamate toxicosis:0.2-0.5 mg/kg as needed, IV, IM, or SQ. CatsFor organophosphate and carbamate toxicosis:0.2-0.5 mg/kg as needed, IV, IM, or SQ.","felineDosage":"Bradycardia or toxicoses:0.04 mg/kg IV (during cardiopulmonary resuscitation; can be given intratracheal or intraosseous if no vascular access), or divided IV and IMPreanesthetic:0.01- 0.02 mg/kg IM or IV","fluids":"","formulations":"400, 500, and 540-mcg/ml injection and 15 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Note that in large animals, atropine has a potent effect on inhibiting GI motility. HorsesAntidote to organophosphates or cholinesterase inhibitors:0.02-0.04 mg/kg IM or SQ; repeat as needed. Equine asthma syndrome and recurrent airway obstruction:0.022 mg/kg, once, IV. PigsAntidote to organophosphates or cholinesterase inhibitors:0.1 mg/kg IV followed by 0.4 mg/kg IM. Anesthesia adjunct:0.02 mg/kg IV or 0.04 mg/kg IM.RuminantsAntidote to organophosphates or cholinesterase inhibitors:0.1 mg/kg IV followed by 0.4 mg/kg IM; repeat as needed. Anesthesia adjunct to prevent salivation:0.02 mg/kg IV or 0.04 mg/kg IM.","multiply":"","name":"Atropine Sulfate","tracheal":true,"outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.02-0.04 mg/kg q6-8h IV, IM, or SQ (complete dose range has been from 0.01 mg/kg to 0.06 mg/kg, depending on the indication). Sinus bradycardia:0.005-0.01 mg/kg, but for use during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, up to 0.04 mg/kg. Cardiac arrest:0.04 mg/kg IV (with other supportive measures). Cats0.02-0.04 mg/kg q6-8h IV, IM, or SQ. DogsFor organophosphate and carbamate toxicosis:0.2-0.5 mg/kg as needed, IV, IM, or SQ. CatsFor organophosphate and carbamate toxicosis:0.2-0.5 mg/kg as needed, IV, IM, or SQ.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Atropine sulfate","value":37},{"administration":"Capsules","adverseEffects":"Can cause a variety of dose-related immune-mediated or GI side effects, and on rare occasions renal and hepatic toxicity and dermal eruptions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Ridaura","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Immune-mediated skin diseases:0.05-0.2 mg/kg PO q12h (up to 9 mg/day total dose)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":3,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Immune-mediated skin diseases:0.2-0.3 mg/kg PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"3 mg capsules but has been discontinued by some manufacturers.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":"","name":"Auranofin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q12h","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Auranofin (Ridaura)","value":39},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI effects, bone marrow suppression, pancreatitis, and hepatotoxicity (monitor CBC and liver enzymes). Avoid use with ACE inhibitors, sulfa-containing antibiotics, and allopurinol. Azathioprine poses a high risk of myelotoxicity in cats and in some dogs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Imuran","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2 mg/kg q24h PO initially; then 0.5-1 mg/kg q48h. In dogs, dosages as high as 1.5 mg/kg q48h PO have been used with prednisolone.Cats (use cautiously)Cats are sensitive to bone marrow-suppressing effects, and many clinicians avoid azathioprine in cats altogether. However, if administered to cats, one should start with 0.3 mg/kg q24h PO and adjust the dose to q48h after careful monitoring. Tablet size may be as low as 1/30th to 1/50th of a tablet, which requires careful compounding.","canineDosage":"Immunosuppression:2 mg/kg PO q24h for 1-3 weeks followed by dose reduction, often to 1 mg/kg q24h, followed by gradual further reduction with switch to q other day dosingPerianal fistulas:1-2 mg/kg PO q24h until lesions improve, then q 48h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses3 mg/kg, PO, q24h.","multiply":"","name":"Azathioprine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/tab","route":"q24h PO initially, then q48h <b>Do not use in cats</b>","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2 mg/kg q24h PO initially; then 0.5-1 mg/kg q48h. In dogs, dosages as high as 1.5 mg/kg q48h PO have been used with prednisolone.Cats (use cautiously)Cats are sensitive to bone marrow-suppressing effects, and many clinicians avoid azathioprine in cats altogether. However, if administered to cats, one should start with 0.3 mg/kg q24h PO and adjust the dose to q48h after careful monitoring. Tablet size may be as low as 1/30th to 1/50th of a tablet, which requires careful compounding.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Azathioprine (Imuran)","value":40},{"administration":"Tablets, powder for oral suspension, oral powder packets, injection. Some brands of injection may cause severe histamine reactions in dogs.","adverseEffects":"Can cause GI upset. Hypersensitivity reactions possible, especially with IV administration.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Zithromax","bsa":"","calc":"Azithromycin","calcID":"Azithromycin2","canine_dose":"A range of dosages has been used, starting with 10 mg/kg once daily PO for 5-7 days and then decreasing to every other day. Alternatively, 5 mg/kg/day has been used by some veterinarians, either once per day or once every other day.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-10 mg/kg PO q24h for 3-7 days; 7-15 mg/kg PO q12h for 5-7 days (cryptosporidiosis); combined with atovaquone for hematoprotozoal infection (e.g., Babesia gibsoni, 10 mg/kg q24h for 10 days)","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/5","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"200mg/5","perml":"ml","value":40,"id":2},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"cap","value":250,"id":3},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"cap","value":500,"id":4},{"name":"600mg/","perml":"cap","value":600,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Azithromycin","feline_dose":"5-10 mg/kg once daily for 7 days PO followed by administration q48h; or 10-15 mg/kg daily for 3 days followed by the same dose twice weekly PO. Upper respiratory infection:15 mg/kg initially for the first 3 days and then q72h PO.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-10 mg/kg PO q12h first day then q24h for 3 days; ongoing treatment q 72h has been suggested for chronic upper respiratory infection; combined with atovaquone for hematoprotozoal infection (e.g., Cytauxzoon felis, 10 mg/kg q24h for 10 days)","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"250, 500, and 600 mg tablets; 100 and 200 mg/5 ml oral suspension; and 500 mg vials for injection. Also, 1-g packets are available for mixing with water.","hide":"","index":67,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesFor R. equi:10 mg/kg q24h PO initially for 5 days and then q48h after a response is seen. Foals:10 mg/kg q48h, PO. For foals, the 1-g packet can be mixed with water to create suspension for oral administration. Adult horses:10 mg/kg PO, q48h. Cattle10 mg/kg IM. CalvesFor cryptosporidiosis:33 mg/kg once daily for 7 days PO.","multiply":"","name":"Azithromycin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsA range of dosages has been used, starting with 10 mg/kg once daily PO for 5-7 days and then decreasing to every other day. Alternatively, 5 mg/kg/day has been used by some veterinarians, either once per day or once every other day. Cats5-10 mg/kg once daily for 7 days PO followed by administration q48h; or 10-15 mg/kg daily for 3 days followed by the same dose twice weekly PO. Upper respiratory infection:15 mg/kg initially for the first 3 days and then q72h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Azithromycin (Zithromax)","value":41},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, azotemia, hyperkalemia, and hypotension. Rashes, cough, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis have been reported in humans.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Fortekor, Lotensin","bsa":"","calc":"Benazepril","calcID":"Benazepril2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"ACE inhibition:0.25- 0.5 mg/kg PO q24h, titrated prn to 1 mg/kg q12h","catdose":"","category":"Cardiac","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1.5,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Benazepril","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"ACE inhibition:0.25-1 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":6,"multiply":"","name":"Benazepril","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Benazepril (Fortekor, Lotensin)","value":42},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include ptyalism, GI upset, and bronchoconstriction; contraindicated in the presence of GI or urinary obstruction.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Urecholine","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5-15 mg per dog. 2.5 mg per dog for small dogs, 5 mg per dog for medium dogs, and 15 mg for large dogs. All doses administered q8h PO. The dose can be injected SQ, but oral administration is preferred.","canineDosage":"Parasympathetic agonist (GI or urinary muscle stimulation):5-25 mg/DOG PO q8h","catdose":0.2,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","value":5,"perml":"tab","id":0},{"name":"10mg/","value":10,"perml":"tab","id":1},{"name":"25mg/","value":25,"perml":"tab","id":2},{"name":"50mg/","value":50,"perml":"tab","id":3},{"name":"5 mg/","value":5,"perml":"ml","id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.3,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1.25-5 mg/cat q8h PO.","felineDosage":"Parasympathetic agonist:1.25-7.5 mg/CAT PO q8h","fluids":"","formulations":"has been available in 5, 10, 25, and 50 mg tablets and 5 mg/ml injection. (Commercial preparations are no longer available but are available through some compounding pharmacies.)","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.025 mg/kg SQ, once. Cattle0.07 mg/kg SQ, once.","multiply":"","name":"Bethanechol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-15 mg per dog. 2.5 mg per dog for small dogs, 5 mg per dog for medium dogs, and 15 mg for large dogs. All doses administered q8h PO. The dose can be injected SQ, but oral administration is preferred. Cats1.25-5 mg/cat q8h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Bethanechol (Urecholine)","value":43},{"administration":"Tablets, liquids OTC","adverseEffects":"Causes dark-colored stool (resembles melena).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Pepto-Bismol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antidiarrheal:1 ml per 4 kg BW PO q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"17.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"262 mg/","perml":"tab","value":262,"id":2},{"name":"525 mg/","perml":"tab","value":525,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.25,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Caution due to salicylate","fluids":"","formulations":"subsalicylateoral suspension in 262 mg/15 ml or 525 mg/ml in extra-strength formulation and 262 mg tablets. Two tablespoons (30 ml) contain 270 mg salicylate.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Calves30 ml per calf, q30min for 8 doses PO. Horses1-2 ml/kg q6-8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Bismuth subsalicylate","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/4kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"1-3 ml/kg/day (in divided doses) PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Bismuth subsalicylate (Pepto-Bismol)","value":45},{"administration":"Lyophilized powder for injection. Reconstitute 15-unit or 30-unit vial with 5 ml or 10 ml, respectively, of sodium chloride injection, 0.9%, USP, and administered slowly over 10 minutes. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Pulmonary damage is the most serious adverse effect. Allergic reactions, fever, anorexia, and vomiting; delayed toxic effects include dermatologic effects, stomatitis, pneumonitis, pulmonary fibrosis. NIOSH hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Blenoxane","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 Units/kg, IM or SQ, either once, or with other cancer protocols. Alternatively, it can be administered at a dosage of 10 units/m2 IV or SQ for 3 days and then 10 units/m2 weekly. (Maximum cumulative dose, 200 units/m2.)","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:10 units/m2 IV or SQ q24h × 3 days, then 10 units/m2 q 7 days; maximum total = 200 units/m2","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"15 units/","perml":"vial","value":15,"id":1},{"name":"30 units/","perml":"vial","value":30,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"No dose is available for cats.","felineDosage":"Use is not described for cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"15 and 30-unit vials for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Bleomycin","outputtext":"","perkg":"IU/m2","dose_basis":"iu_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"SQ, IM, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 Units/kg, IM or SQ, either once, or with other cancer protocols. Alternatively, it can be administered at a dosage of 10 units/m2 IV or SQ for 3 days and then 10 units/m2 weekly. (Maximum cumulative dose, 200 units/m2.) CatsNo dose is available for cats.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Bleomycin (Blenoxane)","value":46},{"administration":"Extended-release enteric capsules and also through compounding, or as compound for nebulization.","adverseEffects":"Although budesonide causes less suppression of the HPA axis in humans, this may not be the case in dogs. Adverse effects associated with other glucocorticoid types can be seen.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Entocort EC","bsa":true,"calc":"Budesonide","calcID":"Budesonide2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"IBD:3 mg/m2 PO q24h (not to exceed 3 mg), or 0.5-3 mg/DOG q24h","catdose":"","category":"Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"","class":"antisedan","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"3 mg/","perml":"cap","value":3,"id":1},{"name":"6 mg/","perml":"tab","value":6,"id":2},{"name":"9 mg/","perml":"tab","value":9,"id":3},{"name":"9 mg/","perml":"cap","value":9,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":3,"dosemin":1,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":3,"drugName":"Budesonide","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"IBD:1 mg/CAT PO q24hAsthma:400 mcg inhaled q12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"3 mg capsule in the conventional form. The new extended-release formulation (Uceris) is a 6- and 9 mg tablet and designed to release at a pH greater than 7.","hide":"","index":195,"indication":"","infoLink":"Dosage is calculated in mg/m<sup>2</sup>","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","name":"Budesonide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID","small_animal_dosage":"0.12-0.15 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Dose interval may be increased to q24h when condition improves. In dogs, intact 3 mg capsules, once per day, have been administered, but in cats, doses of 0.5-0.75 mg per cat per day are administered by reformulating capsules. Full range of doses for dogs:3-7 kg, 1 mg q24h; 7-15 kg, 2 mg q24h; 15-30 kg, 3 mg q24h; greater than 30 kg, 5 mg q24h.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Budesonide (Entocort EC)","value":47},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Generally, well tolerated but bradycardia, GI disturbances, and stereotypic behaviors have been reported. Undesirable behavioral changes may result from disinhibition.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"BuSpar","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2.5-10 mg/dog q24h or q12h PO. 1 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:0.5-2 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":3},{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5-5 mg/cat q12h PO, which may be increased to 5-7.5 mg per cat twice daily for some cats (0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO). Dogs2.5-10 mg/dog q24h or q12h PO. 1 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:0.5-1 mg/kg (or 2.5 mg/CAT) PO q 8-12h","fluids":"","formulations":"5, 10, 15, and 30 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses100-250 mg/horse q24h PO (0.5 mg/kg).","multiply":"","name":"Buspirone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"q12h PO, (2.5-5 mg/cat)","small_animal_dosage":"Cats2.5-5 mg/cat q12h PO, which may be increased to 5-7.5 mg per cat twice daily for some cats (0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO). Dogs2.5-10 mg/dog q24h or q12h PO. 1 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Buspirone (BuSpar)","value":49},{"administration":"Tablets. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Myelosuppression is common and potentially severe. Pulmonary fibrosis, hepatotoxicity, and hyperpigmentation of skin may occur. Uric acid levels should be monitored.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Myleran, Busulfex","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:3-4 mg/m2 PO q24h","catdose":2,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":6,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":4,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":2,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:2-4 mg/m2 PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"2 mg tablets and a 6 mg/ml injection under the name Busulfex.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Busulfan","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"3-4 mg/m2 q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Busulfan (Myleran, Busulfex)","value":50},{"administration":"Available only through compounding in the United States; oral solution available in Europe.","adverseEffects":"Vomiting is the most common adverse effect. Has caused changes in coat color.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Dostinex, Galastop","bsa":"","calc":"Cabergoline","calcID":"Cabergoline2","canine_dose":"Pseudopregnancy:5 mcg/kg once daily (0.1 ml/kg of the oral liquid). Decrease lactation:5 mcg/kg once daily PO for 5 days.","canineDosage":"Prolactin inhibition:5 mcg/kg (0.005 mg/kg) PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mcg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"0.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.5,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Cabergoline","feline_dose":"Queens:0.5-1 ml of the oral veterinary liquid per cat (liquid is 50 mcg/ml).","felineDosage":"Prolactin inhibition:25-50 mcg/CAT or 5-10 mcg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"veterinary formulation as oral drops. The formulation Galastop50-mcg/ml concentration in 7- and 15-ml amber bottles. It is also available in a human formulation of 0.5 mg scored tablets.","hide":"","index":7,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals. Do not administer to food producing animals. Precautionary Information Adverse Reactions and Side Effects Because of dopamine agonist effects, adverse effects related to this action are possible. It can cause hypotension in some animals. Gastrointestinal (GI) problems are possible in dogs, with vomiting the most common, especially at doses higher than 5 mcg/kg. Anorexia and lethargy are also possible. These signs do not require discontinuation of treatment.Contraindications and Precautions Do not use in pregnant animals. Abortion may occur. It may cause hypotension. Use cautiously with other agents that can produce hypotension. Because of the possibility of hypotension, it should be discontinued prior to anesthesia.Human warning:Wash hands after use. Avoid contact with skin and eyes; wash off any splashes immediately. Care should be taken to avoid contact between the solution and women of childbearing age. Women of childbearing age should wear gloves when administering the product. Drug Interactions There are no direct drug interactions observed in animals, but it should be used with great caution with any other drugs that act as dopamine agonists because it may potentiate the action. If used with dopamine antagonists (e.g., phenothiazines, butyrophenones, metoclopramide), there will be antagonism.","multiply":"","name":"Cabergoline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO Q24h. Consult Drug Insert","small_animal_dosage":"DogsPseudopregnancy:5 mcg/kg once daily (0.1 ml/kg of the oral liquid). Decrease lactation:5 mcg/kg once daily PO for 5 days. CatsQueens:0.5-1 ml of the oral veterinary liquid per cat (liquid is 50 mcg/ml).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cabergoline (Dostinex, Galastop)","value":52},{"administration":"Injection, metered-dose inhaler. Expensive.","adverseEffects":"Anorexia and vomiting are the most common adverse effects. Pain at injection site is also reported.","appendose":"IU","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Miacalcin, Calcimar","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy:4-8 units/kg IV, IM, or SQ q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":200,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":8,"dosemin":4,"doseper":4,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy:4-8 units/kg IV, IM, or SQ q12h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Calcitonin","outputtext":"","perkg":"IU/kg","perml":"IU/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ Q12h","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Calcitonin (Miacalcin, Calcimar)","value":53},{"administration":"Capsules, oral solution, and injection. A dilute solution may be prepared from the concentrated oral solution to better achieve small doses. Oil can be removed from capsule and diluted in corn oil and stored for up to 2 weeks.","adverseEffects":"May cause hypercalcemia or hyperphosphatemia (monitor levels closely).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Rocaltrol, Calcijex","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hypoparathyroidism:0.03-0.06 mcg/kg PO q24h, then 0.005-0.015 mcg/kg PO q24h, with oral calcium and adjusted prnCKD:2-2.5 ng/kg PO q24h on empty stomach, adjusted upward prn not to exceed 7 ng/kg/d, or pulse dose of 20 ng/kg twice weekly at bedtime on empty stomach","catdose":0.0025,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mcg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"2 mcg/","perml":"","value":2,"id":2},{"name":"0.25 mcg/","perml":"cap","value":0.25,"id":3},{"name":"0.5 mcg/","perml":"cap","value":0.5,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.04,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.06,"dosemin":0.005,"doseper":0.03,"dosestep":0.005,"dosevalue":0.04,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"CKD:Initial dosage 1.65-3.63 ng/kg (= 0.00165-0.00363 mcg/kg) PO q24h on empty stomach, adjusted upward prn","fluids":"","formulations":"injection (Calcijex) in a 1- and 2-mcg/ml and in 0.25 and 0.5-mcg capsules. Calcitriol oral solution 1 mcg/ml (Rocaltrol). This may be diluted for administration to small animals. See the Stability and Storage section for instructions on dilutions.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Calcitriol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Calcitriol (Rocaltrol, Calcijex)","value":54},{"administration":"Tablets OTC, powder (Epakitin). Administer 1 hour before or 2 hours after other medications.","adverseEffects":"Hypercalcemia is possible with overdosing or prolonged dosing. Interacts with many drugs and must be given 1 hour before or 2 hours after other drugs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Tums, Epakitin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 g/day (500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","canineDosage":"Calcium supplementation/phosphate binder:90-150 mg/kg/d PO divided and given with food or just before each mealEpakitin phosphorous binder:1 g/5 kg BW PO q12h with food","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"325 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"650 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":200,"dosemin":50,"doseper":100,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.2-0.5 g/day (200-500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","felineDosage":"Calcium supplementation/phosphate binder:90-150 mg/kg/d PO divided and given with food or just before each mealEpakitin phosphorous binder:1 g/5 kg BW PO q12h with food","fluids":"","formulations":"lactate325 mg (42.25 mg of calcium ion) and 650 mg (84.5 mg of calcium ion) OTC tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Calcium carbonate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 g/day (500 mg) (in divided doses) PO. Cats0.2-0.5 g/day (200-500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Calcium carbonate (Tums, Epakitin)","value":55},{"administration":"Available only through compounding. Dilute to 10 mg/ml in D5W before administration.","adverseEffects":"Painful on IM injection. Do not confuse with Sodium EDTA.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Calcium Disodium Versenate","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 g/day (500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","canineDosage":"Heavy metal poisoning:25 mg/kg SQ q6h diluted in 5% dextrose for 2-5 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":200,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":100,"dosemin":25,"doseper":25,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.2-0.5 g/day (200-500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","felineDosage":"Heavy metal poisoning:27.5 mg/kg SQ in 15 ml 5% dextrose q6h for 5 days; rest for 5 days, repeat if needed","fluids":"","formulations":"lactate325 mg (42.25 mg of calcium ion) and 650 mg (84.5 mg of calcium ion) OTC tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Calcium Disodium EDTA","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/tab","route":"SQ Q6h x 5 days, *Dilute in D5W* 2 grams MAX","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 g/day (500 mg) (in divided doses) PO. Cats0.2-0.5 g/day (200-500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Calcium Disodium EDTA (Calcium Disodium Versenate)","value":56},{"administration":"Oral solution","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but can cause GI upset, polydipsia, hypersalivation, abdominal discomfort, head shaking, lethargy, elevated BUN and phosphorus.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Entyce","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"3 mg/kg PO once daily.","canineDosage":"Appetite stimulant:3 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":2,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":30,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":3,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":3,"dosemin":2,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Safe clinical doses have not been established. Until a specific feline form is available, consider a dosage of 2 mg/kg PO once daily.","felineDosage":"Appetite stimulant:1-3 mg/kg PO q24h for up to 21 days","fluids":"","formulations":"n oral flavored solution at a concentration of 30 mg/ml. Itsizes of 10, 15, and 30-ml bottles with a dispensing syringe.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Capromorelin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs3 mg/kg PO once daily. CatsSafe clinical doses have not been established. Until a specific feline form is available, consider a dosage of 2 mg/kg PO once daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Capromorelin (Entyce)","value":57},{"administration":"Injection; rapidly degrades to cisplatin in saline solutions. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events commonly include GI toxicity and myelosuppression. In dogs two nadirs occur around day 7-10 and 16-21 post carboplatin therapy.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Paraplatin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"300 mg/m2 IV every 3 weeks. Treatment may involve four to six cycles of administration every 3 weeks.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:300 mg/m2 IV in D5W over 15 minutes q 3 weeks for 4 treatments","catdose":200,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"150 mg/","perml":"ml","value":150,"id":2},{"name":"450 mg/","perml":"ml","value":450,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":300,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":300,"dosemin":200,"doseper":250,"dosestep":25,"dosevalue":300,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"200-227 mg/m2 IV every 4 weeks for four treatments; for a 4-kg cat, the dose is equivalent to 14.7 mg/kg.","felineDosage":"Unlike cisplatin, carboplatin may be used in cats.Antineoplastic:200 mg/m2 IV in D5W over 15 minutes q 4 weeks. Carboplatin degrades to cisplatin in saline solutions.","fluids":"","formulations":"50, 150, and 450 mg vials for injection and a 10 mg/ml infusion.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Carboplatin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs300 mg/m2 IV every 3 weeks. Treatment may involve four to six cycles of administration every 3 weeks. Cats200-227 mg/m2 IV every 4 weeks for four treatments; for a 4-kg cat, the dose is equivalent to 14.7 mg/kg.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Carboplatin (Paraplatin)","value":58},{"administration":"Oral caplets, chewable tablets, and injection. Oral liquids may be prepared from tablets.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects commonly include GI upset. Hepatocellular necrosis occurs in 0.05% of dogs treated. Other reported adverse effects include neurotoxicity and hematologic and behavioral changes.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Rimadyl, Novox","bsa":"","calc":"Carprofen","calcID":"Carprofen2","canine_dose":"2.2 mg/kg q12h PO or 4.4 mg/kg q24h PO. 2.2 mg/kg q12h SQ or 4.4 mg/kg q24h SQ.","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:4.4 mg/kg PO q24h OR divided and given as 2.2 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"NSAID","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"75mg/","perml":"tab","value":75,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4.4,"dosemin":2.2,"doseper":2.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2.2,"drugName":"Carprofen","feline_dose":"4 mg/kg given once by injection or 0.5 mg/kg q24h PO for long-term use (safety for long-term use has not been established).","felineDosage":"Not recommended for use in cats due to nephrotoxicity.Not approved for use in cats in USA, but UK label:4.4 mg/kg IV or SQ once","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"25, 75, and 100 mg caplets; 25, 75, and 100 mg chewable tablets; and injectable solution:50 mg/ml. Zinecarp injection has also been available in Europe.","hide":"","index":8,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.7 mg/kg q24h IV (in Europe, oral granules:0.7 mg/kg PO). Cattle1.4 mg/kg SQ, IV.","multiply":"","name":"Carprofen","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID (2.2), SID (4.4)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2.2 mg/kg q12h PO or 4.4 mg/kg q24h PO. 2.2 mg/kg q12h SQ or 4.4 mg/kg q24h SQ. Cats4 mg/kg given once by injection or 0.5 mg/kg q24h PO for long-term use (safety for long-term use has not been established).","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":"","title":"Carprofen (Rimadyl, Novox, Quellin, Vetprofen)","value":59},{"administration":"Tablets, extended-release oral capsules","adverseEffects":"Use with caution if at all in dogs with CHF as carvedilol is a negative inotrope. Other side effects include lethargy, inappetence, and hypotension.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Coreg","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Initial dose:0.2 mg/kg q24h PO followed by increases up to a maximum of 0.4 mg/kg q12h. There is some evidence that a higher dosage of 1.5 mg/kg q12h PO was more effective, but some dogs are refractory.","canineDosage":"Valvular heart disease:initial dose 0.15-0.2 mg/kg PO q12h for 1 week. After evaluating blood pressure and heart rate, the dose can be increased to 0.3 mg/kg PO q12h.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"3.125 mg/","perml":"tab","value":3.125,"id":1},{"name":"6.25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":6.25,"id":2},{"name":"12.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":12.5,"id":3},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.11,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Dose not established.","felineDosage":"Dosing in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"3.125, 6.25, 12.5, and 25 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Carvedilol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q12h <span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","small_animal_dosage":"DogsInitial dose:0.2 mg/kg q24h PO followed by increases up to a maximum of 0.4 mg/kg q12h. There is some evidence that a higher dosage of 1.5 mg/kg q12h PO was more effective, but some dogs are refractory. CatsDose not established.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Carvedilol (Coreg)","value":60},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, and powder for oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but most common adverse effect is GI upset. Hypersensitivity reactions have been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cefa-Tabs, Cefa-Drops, Duricef","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"22 mg/kg q12h PO, up to 30 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:22 mg/kg PO q12hSuperficial pyoderma:22-35 mg/kg PO q12h for 28-42 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":0},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":4},{"name":"1000 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1000,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":35,"dosemin":22,"doseper":22,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":22,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"22 mg/kg q24h PO.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:22 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"50 mg/ml oral suspension and 50, 100, 200, and 1000 mg tablets for veterinary use. However, availability of veterinary-labeled tablets has been inconsistent. It is also available in 500 mg capsules and 25, 50, and 100 mg/ml suspension for human use.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Foals30 mg/kg q12h PO. Note:Oral absorption is adequate only in foals and not in adults or ruminants.","multiply":"","name":"Cefadroxil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs22 mg/kg q12h PO, up to 30 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats22 mg/kg q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cefadroxil (Cefa-Tabs, Cefa-Drops, Duricef)","value":61},{"administration":"Injection, injection for reconstitution","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but adverse effects include GI upset and pain on IM injection. Hypersensitivity occurs rarely. Consider dose reduction in advanced renal failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Ancef, Kefzol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections or surgical prophylaxis:22-35 mg/kg IM, IV, SQ q 6-8h. CRI 1.3 mg/kg loading dose, followed by 1.2 mg/kg/h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":35,"dosemin":15,"doseper":15,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections or surgical prophylaxis:22-35 mg/kg IM, IV q 8-12h","fluids":"","formulations":"50 and 100 mg/50 ml for injection in 1-g or 500 mg vials. Reconstituted to produce 275 or 330 mg/ml.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses25 mg/kg q6h IM or IV.","multiply":"","name":"Cefazolin sodium","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/tab","route":"IM,IV Q8-12h","small_animal_dosage":"25 mg/kg q6h IV or IM. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):1.3 mg/kg loading dose followed by 1.2 mg/kg/h. Perisurgical use:22 mg/kg IV q2h during surgery.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cefazolin sodium (Ancef, Kefzol)","value":62},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. IM and SQ injections may be painful. Rare adverse effects include neurotoxicity, cytopenias, hepatitis, and renal damage.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Claforan","bsa":"","calc":"Cefotaxime","calcID":"Cefotaxime2","canine_dose":"25 mg/kg q8 h IV, IM, or SQ. CRI:3.2 mg/kg loading dose followed by 5 mg/kg/h.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20-80 mg/kg (often 40 mg/kg) IV, SQ, or IM q 6-12hCRI with an initial IV load of 3.2 mg/kg IV followed by a CRI of 5 mg/kg/hGI surgical prophylaxis:30 mg/kg IV 30-60 minutes before incision","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dosemax":80,"dosemin":20,"doseper":50,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":50,"drugName":"Cefotaxime","feline_dose":"25 mg/kg q8h IV, IM, or SQ.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20-80 mg/kg (often 40 mg/kg) IV, SQ, or IM q 6-12hCRI with an initial IV load of 3.2 mg/kg IV followed by a CRI of 5 mg/kg/h","formulations":"500 mg and 1, 2, and 10-g vials for injection. Availability of commercial formulations has diminished. Use ceftazadime as an alternative.","group":"","hide":"","index":177,"large_animal_dosage":"Foals40 mg/kg q6h IV bolus injection over 1 minute. CRI dose for foals:Administer 4 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 2.5 mg/kg per hour, IV infusion. Horses25 mg/kg q6h, IV.","multiply":"","name":"Cefotaxime","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,(SQ IM = painful), BID to QID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs25 mg/kg q8 h IV, IM, or SQ. CRI:3.2 mg/kg loading dose followed by 5 mg/kg/h. Cats25 mg/kg q8h IV, IM, or SQ.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","title":"Cefotaxime (Claforan)","value":63},{"administration":"Injection for reconstitution in sterile water; keep refrigerated and protect from light. Reconstituted product darkens on storage but can be kept for 2 months.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but adverse effects include anorexia, depression, and vomiting. Hypersensitivity reactions have occurred. Cefovecin is highly protein bound and should be used cautiously with other drugs that are highly bound to plasma proteins.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Convenia","bsa":"","calc":"Cefovecin","calcID":"Cefovecin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:8 mg/kg SQ once; can be repeated once in 1 to 2 weeks if partial resolution of infection","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":80,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":8,"doseper":8,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":8,"drugName":"Cefovecin","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:8 mg/kg SQ once","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":69,"multiply":"","name":"Convenia","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"Single Dose","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cefovecin (Convenia)","value":65},{"administration":"Injection (powder for reconstitution or solution). Once reconstituted, stable for 24 h at room temperature or up to 1 week if refrigerated. Solution can be frozen immediately once for longer storage up to 45 days.","adverseEffects":"Rare hypersensitivity reactions","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Mefoxin","bsa":"","calc":"Cefoxitin","calcID":"Cefoxitin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:30 mg/kg q 6-8h IM or IVPresurgical prophylaxis:20-30 mg/kg IV, IM 30 minutes before surgery; may repeat in 3-6 h","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":30,"dosemin":15,"doseper":30,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":30,"drugName":"Cefoxitin","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:30 mg/kg q 6-8h IM or IVPresurgical prophylaxis:20-30 mg/kg IV, IM 30 minutes before surgery; may repeat in 3-6 h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1- and 2-g vials for injection (20 or 40 mg/ml).","hide":"","index":70,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses20 mg/kg q4-6h IV or IM.","multiply":"","name":"Cefoxitin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM Q6-8h","small_animal_dosage":"30 mg/kg q8h IM, SQ, or IV. 22 mg/kg IV for presurgical use.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cefoxitin","value":66},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but adverse effects include inappetence, GI upset, and lethargy. Hypersensitivity and pemphigus-like drug reactions are rare, but possible.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Simplicef, Vantin","bsa":"","calc":"Cefpodoxime","calcID":"Cefpodoxime2","canine_dose":"5-10 mg/kg q24h PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible skin and soft tissue infections:5-10 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/5","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"100mg/5","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Cefpodoxime","feline_dose":"A dose has not been established by the manufacturer for cefpodoxime proxetil. Some veterinarians have extrapolated from the canine dose.","felineDosage":"Susceptible skin and soft tissue infections:5-10 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"proxetil100 and 200 mg tablets and 10 and 20 mg/ml oral suspension (human preparation).","hide":"","index":71,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses10 mg/kg oral q6-12h. The 12-hour interval is appropriate for Klebsiella spp., Pasteurella spp., and streptococci. More frequent intervals may be needed for more resistant organisms.","multiply":"","name":"Cefpodoxime","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-10 mg/kg q24h PO. CatsA dose has not been established by the manufacturer for cefpodoxime proxetil. Some veterinarians have extrapolated from the canine dose.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cefpodoxime (Simplicef, Vantin)","value":67},{"administration":"Capsules, tablets, powder for oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but adverse effects include GI upset. Hypersensitivity or blood dyscrasias occur rarely. Consider dose reduction in advanced renal failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Keflex, Cepexin, cefalexin","bsa":"","calc":"Cephalexin","calcID":"Cephalexin2","canine_dose":"Pyoderma, other skin and soft tissue infections, and UTIs:22-25 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:22-40 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"125mg/5","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"250mg/5","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"125mg/","perml":"cap","value":125,"id":3},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"cap","value":250,"id":4},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"cap","value":500,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":40,"dosemin":22,"doseper":22,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":22,"drugName":"Cephalexin","feline_dose":"22-25 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:15-30 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"250 and 500 mg capsules, 75, 150, 300, and 600 mg chewable tablets (for dogs), 100 mg/ml oral suspension, and 125 and 250 mg/5 ml oral suspension. In Canada, a 100 and 250 mg/ml oral paste is available.","hide":"","index":73,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses30 mg/kg q8h PO for susceptible gram-positive bacteria that have a MIC ≤0.5 mcg/ml. Precautionary Information Adverse Reactions and Side Effects Gastrointestinal upset, including vomiting, is the most common adverse effect observed in small animals. Diarrhea also is possible. It is usually self-limiting and not an indication of a more serious problem. All cephalosporins are generally safe; however, sensitivity can occurin individuals (allergy). Cross-reactivity between penicillin allergy and cephalosporin allergy is low. Rare bleeding disorders have been known to occur with some cephalosporins. Contraindications and Precautions Do not use in animals with allergic sensitivity to other beta-lactams, especially other cephalosporins. However, the incidence of cross-sensitivity between penicillins and cephalosporins is small (less than 10% in people). Some cephalosporins should not be used in animals with bleeding problems or that are receiving warfarin anticoagulants. These cephalosporins are those that have an NMTT side chain and include cefotetan, cefamandole, and cefoperazone. Drug Interactions No drug interactions are reported in animals. However, do not mix with other drugs in a compounded formulation because inactivation may result.","multiply":"","name":"Cephalexin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, BID, TID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsPyoderma, other skin and soft tissue infections, and UTIs:22-25 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats22-25 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cephalexin (Keflex, Cepexin, cefalexin)","value":69},{"administration":"Tablet, oral solution OTC","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Sedation, hypersalivation and ataxia may occur in animals despite being a “nonsedating” antihistamine.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Zyrtec","bsa":"","calc":"Cetirizine","calcID":"Cetirizine2","canine_dose":"2 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Antipruritic antihistamine:5-10 mg/DOG (up to maximum 2 mg/kg) PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Antihistamine","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Cetirizine","feline_dose":"1 mg/kg daily PO. The most common dose is 5 mg per cat (1 tablet).","felineDosage":"Antipruritic antihistamine:5 mg/CAT PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"hydrochloride1 mg/ml oral syrup and 5 and 10 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":10,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.2-0.4 mg/kg q12h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Cetirizine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SID PO, <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i>5mg Max","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats1 mg/kg daily PO. The most common dose is 5 mg per cat (1 tablet).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cetirizine (Zyrtec)","value":70},{"administration":"Scoopable powder to add to food","adverseEffects":"Contains lactose, calcium carbonate, chitosan, and hydrolyzed soy protein.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Epakitin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Phosphate binder:1 g/5 kg BW PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1000,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":200,"doseper":200,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":200,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Phosphate binder:1 g/5 kg BW PO q12h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Chitosan","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/tab","route":"PO Q12h, 1tsp = 1g","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Chitosan (Epakitin)","value":72},{"administration":"Tablets. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements. Although can be compounded, advisability of using compounded liquids is questionable due to possible human exposure.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events commonly include GI toxicity and myelosuppression.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Leukeran","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"4 mg/m2 q24h PO as a starting dose; then increase the interval to q48h PO. (Equivalent dose is 0.1-0.2 mg/kg.) Intestinal disease:Start with 4-6 mg/m2 PO q24 for the first 7-21 days; then reduce dose. It may be administered with prednisolone in refractory cases.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:2 mg/m2 PO q24h for 3 weeks beyond remission; then 1.5 mg/m2 PO q24h for 15 days and then q third day; or 0.1-0.2 mg/kg PO q 24-72h, or 15-20 mg/m2 PO q 2 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":6,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Immune-mediated disease:0.1-0.2 mg/kg (approximately one-half tablet) q24h initially; then q48h PO. Often administered concurrently with corticosteroids. Cats with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia have been treated with 2 mg per cat q48h. IBD:2 mg per cat (one tablet) q48-72h PO. Cancer treatment:2 mg per cat PO q48h.","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:15 mg/m2 PO q24h for 4 days, repeated q 3 weeks, or 2 mg/CAT PO q 48h, or 20 mg/m2 PO q 2 weeks. Often administered with prednisolone.","fluids":"","formulations":"2 mg tablet. The tablet may be difficult to divide for small animals.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Chlorambucil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg/tab","route":"PO Q24-48h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs4 mg/m2 q24h PO as a starting dose; then increase the interval to q48h PO. (Equivalent dose is 0.1-0.2 mg/kg.) Intestinal disease:Start with 4-6 mg/m2 PO q24 for the first 7-21 days; then reduce dose. It may be administered with prednisolone in refractory cases. CatsImmune-mediated disease:0.1-0.2 mg/kg (approximately one-half tablet) q24h initially; then q48h PO. Often administered concurrently with corticosteroids. Cats with immune-mediated hemolytic anemia have been treated with 2 mg per cat q48h. IBD:2 mg per cat (one tablet) q48-72h PO. Cancer treatment:2 mg per cat PO q48h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Chlorambucil (Leukeran)","value":73},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, oral suspension, injection, and ophthalmic ointment. Owner should be cautioned to wear gloves and wash hands after administration.","adverseEffects":"Can cause bone marrow suppression, as well as GI upset. Use with extreme caution in patients with pre-existing hematologic disorders, pregnancy, hepatic failure, and in neonates. Lower doses used in cats as they are at higher risk for adverse events, especially if used >14 days. Multiple drug interactions. Risk of aplasia in humans who are susceptible.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Viceton","bsa":"","calc":"Chloramphenicol","calcID":"Chloramphenicol2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:40-60 mg/kg PO, IM, IV q 6-8h","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":1},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"1gram","perml":"tab","value":1000,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dosemax":55,"dosemin":25,"doseper":50,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":50,"drugName":"Chloramphenicol","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:15-50 mg/kg PO, IM, IV q12h","formulations":"palmitate30 mg/ml oral suspension. Chloramphenicol250 mg capsules and 100, 250, and 500 mg tablets. Chloramphenicol sodium succinate injection has a concentration of 100 mg/ml (1-g but is no longer available commercially in the United States.","group":"","hide":"","index":167,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses35-50 mg/kg q6-8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Chloramphenicol","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO,IV,SC,IM BID, TID <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","title":"Chloramphenicol (Viceton)","value":74},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in androgen-responsive neoplasias or hypersensitivity to the drug.","appendose":"IU","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Chorulon, HCG","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Cryptorchidism:100-1000 units/DOG IM q 3-4 days × 4 treatmentsTestosterone stimulation for gonadal status testing:Measure testosterone before and 24 hours after 750 units IV (regardless of body weight)Male infertility (controversial):500-1000 units/DOG IM q 2 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":1000,"id":1},{"name":"5000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":5000,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":500,"dosemin":100,"doseper":100,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Induction of ovulation:500 units IM on day 1 or days 1 and 2 of estrus. Alternatively, 250 units IM on days 2 and 3 of estrus, coupled with mating 3 times per day at 3-hour intervals for the first 3 days of estrus.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Chorionic Gonadotropin, human","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, Q3-4days × 4 treatments <span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Chorionic gonadotropin, human (Chorulon, HCG)","value":75},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution (both OTC), and injection","adverseEffects":"Multiple drug interactions and limited efficacy mean that this drug is now rarely used in dogs or cats.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Tagamet","bsa":"","calc":"Cimetidine","calcID":"Cimetidine2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"H2 blocking antacid:5-10 mg/kg PO or IV q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":1},{"name":"300mg/","perml":"tab","value":300,"id":2},{"name":"400mg/","perml":"tab","value":400,"id":3},{"name":"800mg/","perml":"tab","value":800,"id":4},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"ml","value":60,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"5","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Cimetidine","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"H2 blocking antacid:2.5-5 mg/kg PO q 6-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"100, 150, 200, 300, 400, and 800 mg tablets; a 60 mg/ml oral solution; and a 150 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":162,"infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses3 mg/kg diluted in fluid solution and infused IV over 2 minutes q8h. 40-60 mg/kg/day PO. However, oral doses in horses produce inconsistent results. CalvesAbomasal ulcers in milk-fed calves:100 mg/kg q8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Cimetidine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, BID Q6-8hrs","small_animal_dosage":"10 mg/kg q6-8h IV, IM, or PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cimetidine (Tagamet)","value":76},{"administration":"Tablets (crush before administration), injection, and ophthalmic preparations","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but can cause GI distress, CNS stimulation, crystalluria, urolithiasis, and hypersensitivity. Intact tablets have variable bioavailability in dogs, but using higher dosage and crushing tablets often permits therapeutically effective blood levels. Like other fluoroquinolones, it is relatively contraindicated for young, growing animals due to cartilage abnormalities. Use with caution in hepatic or renal insufficiency, dehydration.","alternatenames":"","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Cipro","bsa":"","calc":"Ciprofloxacin","calcID":"Ciprofloxacin2","canine_dose":"25 mg/kg q24h PO. 15 mg/kg q24h IV.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:25-30 mg/kg PO q24h, or 20-25 mg/kg IV q24h","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"vol":"","id":1},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"vol":"","id":2},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"vol":"","id":3},{"name":"750mg/","perml":"tab","value":750,"vol":"","id":4},{"name":"1000mg/","perml":"tab","value":1000,"vol":"","id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":30,"dosemin":20,"doseper":25,"dosevalue":25,"drugName":"Ciprofloxacin","feline_dose":"20 mg/kg q24h, PO. 10 mg/kg q24h IV.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20-25 mg/kg PO q24h, or 20-25 mg/kg IV q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":74,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dosing data are available. Ciprofloxacin has poor oral absorption in horses (less than 10%) and is not recommended.","name":"Ciprofloxacin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs25 mg/kg q24h PO. 15 mg/kg q24h IV. Cats20 mg/kg q24h, PO. 10 mg/kg q24h IV.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ciprofloxacin (Cipro)","value":77},{"administration":"Available only through compounding","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated in animals but GI upset can occur. Contraindicated in GI obstruction. Discontinued for human use due to QT interval prolongation.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Propulsid","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.1-0.5 mg/kg q8-12h PO (up to 0.5-1.0 mg/kg). 1 mg/kg IV if used to prevent gastroesophageal reflux during anesthesia.","canineDosage":"Prokinetic:0.5 mg/kg PO q 8-12h; can gradually increase to 1 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"vol":"","id":1},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"vol":"","id":2},{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"5ml(PO)","value":2.5,"vol":"","id":3},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"vol":"","id":4},{"name":"15mg/","perml":"mg/ml","value":15,"vol":"","id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5-5 mg/cat q8-12h PO (up to 1 mg/kg q8h).","felineDosage":"Prokinetic:2.5 mg/CAT PO q12h initially, gradually increasing up to 7.5 mg/CAT q8h if needed. Often combined with lactulose for treatment of constipation.","fluids":"","formulations":"was once available in a 10 mg tablet but has been discontinued by the manufacturer. Formulations used are prepared by compounding from a pure source. To prepare 1 mg/ml injectable solution (follow United States Pharmacopeia [USP] &lt;797&gt; sterile compounding standards), mix 0.104 g of cisapride monohydrate with 20 ml tartaric acid 6% solution. Add sterile water to make up a 100-ml total volume. Keep the solution in the refrigerator, in a sterile vial, protected from light, and labeled with Beyond Use Date of 14 days post-compounding. A 10 mg/ml oral suspension (follow USP &lt;795&gt; compounding standards) has been prepared by mixing 300 mg (0.3 g) of cisapride monohydrate with 15 ml of Ora Plus and enough Ora Sweet added to make a total of volume of 30 ml. (Oral Plus and Ora Sweet are oral formulation suspending agents and vehicles commonly used in commercial pharmacies.)","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.1 mg/kg IV. Note:This formulation is not commercially available, but an IV form has been compounded (see the Formulation section earlier).","multiply":"","name":"Cisapride","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q24h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.5 mg/kg q8-12h PO (up to 0.5-1.0 mg/kg). 1 mg/kg IV if used to prevent gastroesophageal reflux during anesthesia. Cats2.5-5 mg/cat q8-12h PO (up to 1 mg/kg q8h).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cisapride","value":78},{"administration":"Injection for infusion; must be given as slow IV infusion to dogs with fluid diuresis before and after infusion. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Never use in cats due to risk of fatal pulmonary edema. Adverse effects in dogs include GI upset, nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and myelosuppression.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Platinol-AQ","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"60-70 mg/m2 every 3-4 weeks IV. (Administer fluid for diuresis with therapy.)","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:50-70 mg/m2 slow IV infusion q 3-5 weeks accompanied with saline diuresisIntrapleural instillation:50 mg/m2 diluted in saline to volume of 250 ml/m2, warmed to body temperature, and infused into pleural space q 3-4 weeks prn to control malignant effusion","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":70,"dosemin":60,"doseper":60,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":60,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Do not use in cats.","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"1 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Cisplatin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV 1x, Q3-4 weeks, with Saline Diuresis *Do not use in cats*","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs60-70 mg/m2 every 3-4 weeks IV. (Administer fluid for diuresis with therapy.) CatsDo not use in cats.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Cisplatin (Platinol-AQ)","value":79},{"administration":"Tablets, oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated other than GI upset. Many drug interactions.","alternatenames":"","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Biaxin","bsa":"","calc":"Clarithromycin","calcID":"Clarithromycin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-12.5 mg/kg PO q12h","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"vol":"","id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"vol":"","id":2},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"vol":"","id":3},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"vol":"","id":4}],"decimal":2,"dosage":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":7.5,"dosevalue":7.5,"drugName":"Clarithromycin","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:7.5 mg/kg or 62.5 mg/CAT PO q12h","formulations":"250 and 500 mg tablets and 25 and 50 mg/ml oral suspension.","hide":"","index":168,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Foals7.5 mg/kg q12h PO (often combined with rifampin at 10 mg/kg q12h). Pigs7.5 mg/kg PO q12h.","name":"Clarithromycin","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, BID","small_animal_dosage":"7.5 mg/kg q12h PO.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","title":"Clarithromycin (Biaxin)","value":80},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, oral solution, powder, topical solutions, and injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset or esophageal injuries (esophagitis, strictures) when solid dosage forms were given without food or a water bolus. Cats may show hypersalivation or lip smacking after administration of the oral liquid due to the unpleasant taste.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Antirobe, Cleocin","bsa":"","calc":"Clindamycin","calcID":"Clindamycin2","canine_dose":"Staphylococcal infections:11 mg/kg q12h PO or 22 mg/kg q24h PO. (Label dosage for dogs is 5.5-33 mg/kg q12h PO.) Refractory infections:Doses up to 33 mg/kg q12h PO. Anaerobic infections and periodontal infections:11-33 mg/kg q12h PO. 10 mg/kg q12h IV or IM. (For IV use, it should be diluted and administered by slow infusion.)","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:11-33 mg/kg PO q12h; 10-15 mg/kg IV q12h","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"75mg/","perml":"cap","value":75,"id":3},{"name":"150mg/","perml":"cap","value":150,"id":4},{"name":"300mg/","perml":"cap","value":300,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":33,"dosemin":5.5,"doseper":5.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5.5,"drugName":"Clindamycin","feline_dose":"5.5 mg/kg q12h or 11 mg/kg q24h PO. (Label dosage for cats is 11-33 mg/kg q24h PO.) Refractory infections:Doses up to 33 mg/kg q24h PO. Anaerobic infections and periodontal infections:11-33 mg/kg q24h PO. Toxoplasmosis:12.5 mg/kg, up to 25 mg/kg q12h for 4 weeks PO (see Indications and Clinical Uses). 10 mg/kg q12h IV or IM. (For IV use, it should be diluted and administered by slow infusion.)","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections including toxoplasmosis:11-33 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"oral liquid (Aquadrops) 25 mg/ml; 25, 75, 150, and 300 mg capsules; 25, 75, and 150 mg tablets; and 150 mg/ml injection (Cleocin).","hide":"","index":75,"large_animal_dosage":"Do not administer clindamycin orally to large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Clindamycin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, BID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsStaphylococcal infections:11 mg/kg q12h PO or 22 mg/kg q24h PO. (Label dosage for dogs is 5.5-33 mg/kg q12h PO.) Refractory infections:Doses up to 33 mg/kg q12h PO. Anaerobic infections and periodontal infections:11-33 mg/kg q12h PO. 10 mg/kg q12h IV or IM. (For IV use, it should be diluted and administered by slow infusion.) Cats5.5 mg/kg q12h or 11 mg/kg q24h PO. (Label dosage for cats is 11-33 mg/kg q24h PO.) Refractory infections:Doses up to 33 mg/kg q24h PO. Anaerobic infections and periodontal infections:11-33 mg/kg q24h PO. Toxoplasmosis:12.5 mg/kg, up to 25 mg/kg q12h for 4 weeks PO (see Indications and Clinical Uses). 10 mg/kg q12h IV or IM. (For IV use, it should be diluted and administered by slow infusion.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Clindamycin (Antirobe, Cleocin)","value":81},{"administration":"Tablets. May be difficult for veterinarians to obtain due to restricted distribution systems.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are usually GI upset (may be dose-limiting). Clofazimine stains skin, eyes, bodily fluids, and excreta. Treatment duration often for weeks to months.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Lamprene","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"M. avium-intracellulare complex infections, or opportunistic mycobacteriosis:4-8 mg/kg PO q24h for 4 weeks, usually as part of a multidrug protocol","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":12,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 4 mg/kg/day PO.","felineDosage":"M. avium-intracellulare complex infections, feline leprosy, or opportunistic mycobacteriosis:4-10 mg/kg, or 25-50 mg/CAT PO q 24-48h for 4 weeks, usually as part of a multidrug protocol","fluids":"","formulations":"is not available in the United States butother countries as 50 mg capsules. Some compounding pharmacies will prepare this drug for use in the United States.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle:600-1000 mg oral to adult cattle per day (2 mg/kg per day).","multiply":"","name":"Clofazimine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/cap","route":"PO q24h x 2-6 months","small_animal_dosage":"Cats1 mg/kg up to a maximum of 4 mg/kg/day PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Clofazimine (Lamprene)","value":82},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Avoid use in animals exposed to MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz and l-deprenyl). Adverse effects include GI upset, sedation, anticholinergic effects; cats may be more sensitive than dogs. Use with caution in liver disease, cardiac rate and rhythm disorders, urinary retention, or reduced GI motility. Avoid use in breeding males.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Clomicalm, Anafranil","bsa":"","calc":"Clomipramine","calcID":"Clomipramine2","canine_dose":"2-4 mg/kg/day, PO, which may be administered as a single dose, or divided into twice-daily doses. Start at lower dose and gradually increase to reach the desired effect. Increases in dose should be made approximately every 14 days until desired effect is observed.","canineDosage":"Behavior modification:1-2 mg/kg PO q12h initially and eventually up to 3 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"Behavior Antidepressant","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":3},{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"drugName":"Clomipramine","feline_dose":"1-5 mg per cat q12-24h PO (0.5 mg/kg per day) and gradually increase. Urine spraying in cats:Up to 5 mg per cat once a day.","felineDosage":"Behavior modification:0.25-1 mg/kg PO q24h; begin at lower dose and titrate up prn","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"5, 20, 40, and 80 mg tablets (veterinary preparation). 25, 50, and 75 mg capsules (human preparation).","hide":"","index":11,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Clomipramine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SID or Divided BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2-4 mg/kg/day, PO, which may be administered as a single dose, or divided into twice-daily doses. Start at lower dose and gradually increase to reach the desired effect. Increases in dose should be made approximately every 14 days until desired effect is observed. Cats1-5 mg per cat q12-24h PO (0.5 mg/kg per day) and gradually increase. Urine spraying in cats:Up to 5 mg per cat once a day.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Clomipramine (Clomicalm, Anafranil)","value":83},{"administration":"Tablets and rapidly disintegrating tablets. CSS-IV.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include hypersalivation, hypersecretion in upper respiratory passages, GI effects, transient elevations of liver enzymes, and hematologic effects. Tolerance to the antiseizure effects has been reported in dogs. Cats may develop hepatocellular necrosis, but this is not as likely as with oral diazepam.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Klonopin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 mg/kg q8-12h PO.","canineDosage":"Anxiolytic:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q 8-12hAntiepileptic:up to 2 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":0.1,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.125 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.125,"id":1},{"name":"0.25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.25,"id":2},{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.5,"id":3},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":4},{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":5}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":0.5,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.02,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.1-0.2 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","felineDosage":"Anxiolytic and antiepileptic:0.02-0.5 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","fluids":"","formulations":"0.5, 1, and 2 mg tablets. Oral disintegrating tablets are available as 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Clonazepam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO TID,BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Cats0.1-0.2 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Clonazepam (Klonopin)","value":84},{"administration":"Tablets, injection, transdermal patch","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects may include transient hyperglycemia, dry mouth, constipation, sedation, paradoxical arousal, hypotension, collapse, and bradycardia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Duraclon, Catapres","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Behavior modification and anxiolytic:0.01-0.05 mg/kg PO approximately 1.5 to 2 hours before the triggering event; start with lower dose and titrate up if necessary","catdose":0.05,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.1 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.1,"id":1},{"name":"0.2 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.2,"id":2},{"name":"0.3 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.3,"id":3},{"name":"0.1 mg/day/","perml":"patch","value":0.1,"id":4},{"name":"0.2 mg/day/","perml":"patch","value":0.2,"id":5},{"name":"0.3 mg/day/","perml":"patch","value":0.3,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.01,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.01,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Adjunctive antidiarrheal:5-10 mcg/kg 2-3 times a day, SQ or PO","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Clonidine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Transdermal","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Clonidine (Duraclon, Catapres)","value":85},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Adverse effects may include vomiting or bleeding.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Plavix","bsa":"","calc":"Clopidogrel","calcID":"Clopidogrel2","canine_dose":"2 mg/kg q24h PO. An oral loading dose may be given at 2-4 mg/kg followed by 1-2 mg/kg q24h PO. In some cases, a higher oral loading dose of 10 mg/kg has been used.","canineDosage":"Thromboprophylaxis:1-2 mg/kg PO q24h, or 10 mg/kg PO on day 1, then 2-3 mg/kg PO q24h thereafter","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"75mg/","perml":"tab","value":75,"id":1},{"name":"300mg/","perml":"tab","value":300,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Clopidogrel","feline_dose":"18.75 mg per cat (one fourth of tablet) q24h PO. The taste is bitter for cats, and fractions of the tablets may be placed in gelatin capsules. Smaller doses may be effective but have not been evaluated in cats. Dogs2 mg/kg q24h PO. An oral loading dose may be given at 2-4 mg/kg followed by 1-2 mg/kg q24h PO. In some cases, a higher oral loading dose of 10 mg/kg has been used.","felineDosage":"Thromboprophylaxis:18.75 mg/CAT PO q24h; higher doses have been used","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"75 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":12,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesLoading dose of 4 mg/kg followed by 2 mg/kg q24h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Clopidogrel","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID","small_animal_dosage":"Cats18.75 mg per cat (one fourth of tablet) q24h PO. The taste is bitter for cats, and fractions of the tablets may be placed in gelatin capsules. Smaller doses may be effective but have not been evaluated in cats. Dogs2 mg/kg q24h PO. An oral loading dose may be given at 2-4 mg/kg followed by 1-2 mg/kg q24h PO. In some cases, a higher oral loading dose of 10 mg/kg has been used.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Clopidogrel (Plavix)","value":86},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include sedation and ataxia. May exacerbate myasthenia gravis. Use with caution in liver disease. May worsen aggression through disinhibition.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Tranxene-SD, Gen-Xene","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5-2 mg/kg q8-12h PO and as frequently as 4 hours. (Total dose is usually 3.75 mg or 7.5 mg.)","canineDosage":"Anxiolytic and adjunct antiepileptic:0.5-2 mg/kg PO q 8-12h. Tolerance can occur with continued use.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"3.75 mg/","perml":"tab","value":3.75,"id":1},{"name":"7.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":7.5,"id":2},{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.2-0.4 mg/kg q12-24h up to 0.5-2.2 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"Anxiolytic:0.02-0.4 mg/kg PO q 12-24hAntiepileptic:3.75-7.5 mg/CAT PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Clorazepate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO Q8-12h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5-2 mg/kg q8-12h PO and as frequently as 4 hours. (Total dose is usually 3.75 mg or 7.5 mg.) Cats0.2-0.4 mg/kg q12-24h up to 0.5-2.2 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Clorazepate (Tranxene-SD, Gen-Xene)","value":87},{"administration":"Dry powder for reconstitution. Compounded solutions may not be as efficacious and time of peak response may be less consistent. Gel no longer available.","adverseEffects":"Rare hypersensitivity reactions.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"ACTH, Cortrosyn","bsa":"","calc":"Cosyntropin","calcID":"Cosyntropin2","canine_dose":"Response test:Collect precosyntropin sample and inject 5 mcg/kg IV or IM and collect postsample at 30 and 60 minutes or one sample may be sufficient, collected at 60 minutes. Maximum dose for dogs should be 250 mcg. The following guidelines can be used for dosing:less than 5 kg, 25 mcg; 5-10 kg, 50 mcg; 10-15 kg, 75 mcg; 15-20 kg, 100 mcg; 20-25 kg, 125 mcg; 25-30 kg, 150 mcg; 30-40 kg, 200 mcg; 40-50 kg, 225 mcg; and more than 50 kg, 250 mcg (1 vial). Note:1 mcg/kg IV has been equivalent as 5 mcg/kg IV for a similar response, but 5 mcg/kg is still the most often recommended dose.","canineDosage":"ACTH stimulation test:5 mcg/kg solution IV once. Can use entire vial of Cortrosyn per dog regardless of size.","catdose":"","category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":250,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":1,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Cosyntropin","feline_dose":"Response test:Collect precosyntropin sample and inject cosyntropin IV or IM and collect postsample either at 60 or 75 minutes after IV administration or at 30 and 60 minutes after IM administration. A dose of 5 mcg/kg produces an equally effective dose to stimulate a maximal response as a dose of 125 mcg per cat.","felineDosage":"ACTH stimulation test:125 mcg/CAT","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"250 mcg per vial. The lyophilized powder is reconstituted with 1 ml of saline in 2-ml vials for a final concentration of 250 mcg/ml.","hide":"","index":149,"infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.1 mcg/kg IV produces maximum adrenal stimulation, with peak cortisol concentration in 30-90 minutes. Not recommended as a reliable test in horses.FoalsACTH stimulation test:0.25 mcg/kg IV. Peak cortisol occurs at 20-30 minutes.","multiply":"","name":"Cosyntropin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mcg","route":"IV, max dose of 250mcg","small_animal_dosage":"DogsResponse test:Collect precosyntropin sample and inject 5 mcg/kg IV or IM and collect postsample at 30 and 60 minutes or one sample may be sufficient, collected at 60 minutes. Maximum dose for dogs should be 250 mcg. The following guidelines can be used for dosing:less than 5 kg, 25 mcg; 5-10 kg, 50 mcg; 10-15 kg, 75 mcg; 15-20 kg, 100 mcg; 20-25 kg, 125 mcg; 25-30 kg, 150 mcg; 30-40 kg, 200 mcg; 40-50 kg, 225 mcg; and more than 50 kg, 250 mcg (1 vial). Note:1 mcg/kg IV has been equivalent as 5 mcg/kg IV for a similar response, but 5 mcg/kg is still the most often recommended dose. CatsResponse test:Collect precosyntropin sample and inject cosyntropin IV or IM and collect postsample either at 60 or 75 minutes after IV administration or at 30 and 60 minutes after IM administration. A dose of 5 mcg/kg produces an equally effective dose to stimulate a maximal response as a dose of 125 mcg per cat.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cosyntropin (ACTH, Cortrosyn)","value":88},{"administration":"Tablets, injection","adverseEffects":"Very well tolerated","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"vitamin B12","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"100-200 mcg/day PO or 250-500 mcg/day IM or SQ.","canineDosage":"Hypocobalaminemia:25 mcg/kg SQ q 1 week for 6 weeks, then once more in 4 weeks. Recheck cobalamin status. Alternatively, for dogs <9 kg give 250 mcg, for dogs 9-18 kg give 500 mcg, or dogs >18 kg give 1000 mcg PO q24h for 12 weeks, then check cobalamin status.","catdose":250,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1000 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":1000,"id":1},{"name":"500 mcg/","perml":"spray","value":500,"id":2}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":25,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":250,"dosemin":25,"doseper":25,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"50-100 mcg/day PO or 250 mcg IM or SQ weekly. If levels are maintained with once-weekly injections for 6 weeks, increasing the interval to 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks (incrementally) can be attempted.","felineDosage":"Hypocobalaminemia:250 mcg/CAT SQ once a week for 6 weeks, then q 1-2 months based on cobalamin levels, or 250 mcg PO q24h for 12 weeks then recheck status","fluids":"","formulations":"tablets ranging from 25 to 1000 mcg. Injection formulations range from 1000 to 5000 mcg/ml (1-5 mg/ml). Vitamin B complex solutions may contain 10-100 mcg/ml of vitamin B12.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Calves and Foals500 mcg once per foal or calf twice weekly IM or SQ.Lambs andPigs500 mcg once per lamb or pig twice weekly IM or SQ.Cattle andHorses1000-2000 mcg per horse or cattle once or twice weekly IM or SQ.","multiply":"","name":"Cyanocobalamin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs100-200 mcg/day PO or 250-500 mcg/day IM or SQ. Cats50-100 mcg/day PO or 250 mcg IM or SQ weekly. If levels are maintained with once-weekly injections for 6 weeks, increasing the interval to 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 6 weeks (incrementally) can be attempted.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cyanocobalamin (vitamin B12)","value":89},{"administration":"Tablets, injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are myelosuppression, GI effects, alopecia in cyclical hair-growing breeds, and sterile hemorrhagic cystitis. Pulmonary fibrosis and secondary cancers may occur. Adjunctive treatment with furosemide is used as prophylaxis for hemorrhagic cystitis.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cytoxan, Neosar","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Anticancer dosage:50 mg/m2 (≈2.2 mg/kg) q48h or once daily 4 days/wk PO. Alternatively, some protocols use 150-300 mg/m2 IV and repeat in 21 days. Metronomic dosage (continuous administration to suppress T cells):10-15 mg/m2 q24h PO (approximately 0.3 mg/kg). Immunosuppressive therapy:Dogs:50 mg/m2 q48h PO or 2.2 mg/kg once daily for 4 days/wk. Pulse therapy:200-250 mg/m2 (10 mg/kg) once every 3 weeks. Dividing the 250 mg/m2 dose into three treatments over 3 days may reduce risk of sterile hemorrhagic cystitis.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:10-15 mg/m2 (as a daily metronomic dose), or 50 mg/m2 PO q24h for 3 to 4 days of each week, or 250-300 mg/m2 once q 3 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":3},{"name":"500 mg/","perml":"ml","value":500,"id":4},{"name":"1000 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1000,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":200,"dosemin":50,"doseper":100,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"6.25-12.5 mg/cat once daily 4 days/wk, PO. In some protocols, the dosage has been increased to 25 mg per cat twice per week PO. Alternatively, doses of 200 mg/m2 have been used.","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:10-15 mg/m2 (as a daily metronomic dose) to 50 mg/m2 PO q24h for 3 to 4 days each week to larger dosages of 250-300 mg/m2 once q 3 weeks","fluids":"","formulations":"25 mg/ml injection and 25 and 50 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Cyclophosphamide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnticancer dosage:50 mg/m2 (≈2.2 mg/kg) q48h or once daily 4 days/wk PO. Alternatively, some protocols use 150-300 mg/m2 IV and repeat in 21 days. Metronomic dosage (continuous administration to suppress T cells):10-15 mg/m2 q24h PO (approximately 0.3 mg/kg). Immunosuppressive therapy:Dogs:50 mg/m2 q48h PO or 2.2 mg/kg once daily for 4 days/wk. Pulse therapy:200-250 mg/m2 (10 mg/kg) once every 3 weeks. Dividing the 250 mg/m2 dose into three treatments over 3 days may reduce risk of sterile hemorrhagic cystitis. Cats6.25-12.5 mg/cat once daily 4 days/wk, PO. In some protocols, the dosage has been increased to 25 mg per cat twice per week PO. Alternatively, doses of 200 mg/m2 have been used.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cyclophosphamide (Cytoxan, Neosar)","value":90},{"administration":"Capsules, oral solution, injection, and ophthalmic ointments. Injections may cause a severe histamine reaction in dogs. Administer with food in dogs and on an empty stomach in cats. Do not interchange Sandimmune with Atopica/Neoral/Gengraf products as Sandimmune is not bioequivalent.","adverseEffects":"GI upset is commonly reported initially. Giving the drug with a small amount of food or placing doses in the freezer for 30-60 minutes before administration anecdotally alleviates vomiting, or may use antiemetic such as maropitant first several days of treatment. Gingival hypertrophy, papillomatosis, protein-losing nephropathy, and secondary infection (e.g., toxoplasmosis) or malignancy have been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Atopica, Neoral, Sandimmune","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Atopic dermatitis:5 mg/kg PO q24h (or if given concurrently with ketoconazole 2.5-3 mg/kg PO q24h)Immunosuppression:5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h, adjusted based on functional or pharmacologic monitoringKCS:0.5 cm of ophthalmic ointment on affected eye q12h","catdose":7,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"cap","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":5,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Eosinophilic granuloma, asthma, or allergic dermatitis:4-7 mg/kg or 25 mg/CAT PO q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Cyclosporine-systemic","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cyclosporine-systemic (Atopica, Neoral, Sandimmune)","value":91},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution","adverseEffects":"Agents such as capromorelin (for dogs) and mirtazapine (for dogs and cats) have made use of cyproheptadine as an appetite stimulant obsolete. Use of cyproheptadine in small animals as an antihistamine is becoming rare. Adverse effects include sedation and anticholinergic effects. Cats may exhibit paradoxical hyperstimulation; some reports of hemolytic anemia in cats.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Periactin","bsa":"","calc":"Cyproheptadine","calcID":"Cyproheptadine2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Dysphoria of serotonin syndrome or toxicoses:1.1 mg/kg PO; doses may be repeated q 4-6h as needed until signs have resolvedAppetite stimulation:0.2 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Antihistamine","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"4 mg/","perml":"tab","value":4,"id":1},{"name":"0.4 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.4,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i> </span>","dosage":"","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugName":"Cyproheptadine","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Appetite stimulant:1-4 mg/CAT PO q 8-25h (largely obsolete use)Dysphoria of serotonin syndrome or toxicoses:2-4 mg/CAT PO; doses may be repeated q 4-6h as needed until signs have resolved","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":202,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. Head shaking:0.3 mg/kg q12h, PO.","name":"Cyproheptadine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Antihistamine:0.5-1.1 mg/kg q8-12h PO or 2-4 mg/cat PO q12-24h. Appetite stimulant:2 mg/cat PO. Feline asthma:1-2 mg/cat PO q12h. Use for inappropriate urination:2 mg/cat q12h PO; then reduce dosage to 1 mg/cat q12h PO. Precautionary Information Adverse Reactions and Side Effects Cytarabine is bone marrow suppressive and can cause granulocytopenia, especially when delivered via CRIs. In addition, it may cause nausea and vomiting.Contraindications and Precautions Use cautiously in animals administered other bone marrow-suppressing drugs. Drug Interactions There are no drug interactions reported for small animals.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cyproheptadine (Periactin)","value":92},{"administration":"Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are primarily GI and myelosuppression.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Cytosar-U","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:300 mg/m2 SQ divided into 3 or 4 doses q24h over 3-4 days, or IV as a continuous infusion (lasting 4-8 hours) once weekly. Inflammatory brain disease (MUE):50 mg/m2 SQ q12h for 2 consecutive days, or 25 mg/m2 per hour for an 8-hour CRI; may be repeated q 3-4 weeks","catdose":100,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span> 100 mg/m2 SID for 2 days","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"500 mg/","perml":"ml","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"1 g/","perml":"ml","value":1000,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":100,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span> 100-150 mg/m2 SID or 50 mg/m2 BID, for 4 days IV, SQ","dosemax":150,"dosemin":50,"doseper":100,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:100 mg/m2 SQ q12h for 2 to 4 days. Use in cats is not well-described.","fluids":"","formulations":"20 & 100 mg/ml","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"Use in cats is not well documented","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Cytarabine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs (Cancer Protocols, Administered Weekly)100-150 mg/m2 once daily or 50 mg/m2 twice daily, each given for 4 days IV or SQ. 600 mg/m2 IV or SQ, single dose. 300 mg/m2 per day as a continuous IV infusion over 48 hours (600 mg/m2 total).Dogs (Granulomatous Meningoencephalomyelitis)50 mg/m2 twice daily for 2 days and repeated every 3 weeks SQ. 200 mg/m2 total dose administered as 50 mg/m2 given four times over 2 days SQ or CRI IV administration at 25 mg/m2 per hour for 8 hours. Cats100 mg/m2 once daily for 2 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Cytarabine (Cytosar-U)","value":93},{"administration":"Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI toxicity and myelosuppression. Usually reserved for cases not responsive to more conventional therapies.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"DTIC","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"200 mg/m2 for 5 days every 3 weeks IV or 800-1000 mg/m2 every 3 weeks IV.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:800-1000 mg/m2 IV over 4-8 hours q 2-3 weeks OR lower dosage 200-250 mg/m2 q24h IV for 5 days with the treatment cycle repeated q 3-4 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1000,"dosemin":200,"doseper":200,"dosestep":50,"dosevalue":200,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"DTIC200 mg vial for injection. Dilute the solution in 50-100 ml of 0.9% normal saline for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Dacarbazine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs200 mg/m2 for 5 days every 3 weeks IV or 800-1000 mg/m2 every 3 weeks IV.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Dacarbazine (DTIC)","value":94},{"administration":"Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are primarily GI toxicity and myelosuppression.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cosmegen, actinomycin-D","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:0.5-1 mg/m2 IV over 20 minutes; repeated at 1- to 3-week intervals","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":0.5,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.9,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.7,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.7,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Dosing is not described for cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Dactinomycin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Dactinomycin (Cosmegen, actinomycin-D)","value":95},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Anti-erythropoietin antibody formation with resultant pure red blood cell aplasia (PRCA) may occur as well as injection-site reactions, polycythemia, hypertension, seizures, or iron deficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Aranesp","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Start with 0.5 mcg/kg every 7 days injected SQ. After initial evaluation, increase the dosage to 0.8 mcg/kg once per week if needed; then increase or decrease the dosage as needed by monitoring the patient’s PCV.","canineDosage":"Erythropoiesis:0.45-1.5 mcg/kg SQ once weekly until the target PCV is attained, then extending interdose interval as tolerated (q 2-3 weeks typical). Administer iron supplement.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"40 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":40,"id":3},{"name":"60 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":60,"id":4},{"name":"100 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":5},{"name":"150 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":150,"id":6},{"name":"200 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":7},{"name":"300 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":300,"id":8},{"name":"500 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":500,"id":9}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Start with 1 mcg/kg once per week, injected SQ, until the target PCV is achieved. Then the frequency can be decreased to every 2- to 3-week intervals. Typically, the expected response is a PCV of 25%-35%.","felineDosage":"Erythropoiesis:0.7-1.8 mcg/kg SQ once weekly until the target PCV is attained, then extending interdose interval as tolerated (q 2-3 weeks typical). Administer iron supplement.","fluids":"","formulations":"10, 25, 40, 60, 100, 150, 200, 300 & 500 mcg","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are reported.","multiply":"","name":"Darbepoetin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mcg","route":"SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsStart with 0.5 mcg/kg every 7 days injected SQ. After initial evaluation, increase the dosage to 0.8 mcg/kg once per week if needed; then increase or decrease the dosage as needed by monitoring the patient’s PCV. CatsStart with 1 mcg/kg once per week, injected SQ, until the target PCV is achieved. Then the frequency can be decreased to every 2- to 3-week intervals. Typically, the expected response is a PCV of 25%-35%.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Darbepoetin (Aranesp)","value":98},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are primarily GI and renal, though hepatic and dermatologic events have been reported. Do not use with other NSAIDs or corticosteroids.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Deramaxx","bsa":"","calc":"Deracoxib","calcID":"Deracoxib2","canine_dose":"Postoperative pain:3-4 mg/kg once daily as needed for up to 7 days. Chronic use:1-2 mg/kg once daily PO.","canineDosage":"Analgesic/Anti-inflammatory NSAID:1-2 mg/kg PO q24h (long-term use); 3-4 mg/kg PO q24h (maximum 7 days)","catdose":"","category":"Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"12mg/","perml":"tab","value":12,"id":1},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"75mg/","perml":"tab","value":75,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Deracoxib","feline_dose":"1 mg/kg PO, single dose.","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"12, 25, 75, and 100 mg chewable tablets.","hide":"","index":14,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Deracoxib","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, SID *DOGS ONLY* <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"DogsPostoperative pain:3-4 mg/kg once daily as needed for up to 7 days. Chronic use:1-2 mg/kg once daily PO. Cats1 mg/kg PO, single dose.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Deracoxib (Deramaxx)","value":101},{"administration":"Tablets and solution for nasal inhalation. Expensive.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated. Occasionally, hypersensitivity reactions have been reported.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"","brandName":"DDAVP","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Diabetes insipidus:1 drop of 0.01% solution in the conjunctival sac q 12-24h. Up to 4 drops per dose may be required in some patients; 1-2 mcg/kg SQ q 12-24h; 0.1 mg/DOG PO q8h (tablets)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"4 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":4,"id":1},{"name":"100 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"200 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Diabetes insipidus:1 drop of the 0.01% solution in the conjunctival sac q 12-24h; 0.25-0.5 mg/CAT PO q 8-12h (tablets)","fluids":"","formulations":"4-mcg/ml injection, acetate nasal solution 100-mcg/ml (0.01%) metered spray, and 0.1- and 0.2 mg tablets (scored).","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"Also comes in 10 mcg and 150 mcg per nasal spray <br> 1-4 drops intranasally or conjunctivally Q12-24h","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Desmopressin acetate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mcg","route":"PO, SQ, Intra-Nasal/Conjunctival","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Desmopressin Acetate (DDAVP)","value":102},{"administration":"Injectable suspension","adverseEffects":"Supplemental glucocorticoid therapy usually required. The injection should be shaken vigorously for 3-4 minutes before use to ensure uniformity of dose. Well tolerated, though lethargy, GI upset, and other events can occur.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"mls","brandName":"DOCP","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2.2 mg/kg q25 days SQ or IM. Adjust dose by monitoring electrolytes. The most consistent dosage for DOCP has been 2.2 mg/kg SQ once per 25 days, but many dogs can be managed with a starting dose of 1.5 mg/kg with a target interval ranging from 28 to 30 days.","canineDosage":"Hypoadrenocorticism:2.2 mg/kg IM or SQ initially and then as needed for disease control (typically once a month)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":25,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2.2,"dosemin":1.1,"doseper":2.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2.2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.2 mg/kg SQ every 25 days (adjust dose by monitoring).","felineDosage":"Hypoadrenocorticism:10-12.5 mg/CAT IM per month or as needed to control signs","fluids":"","formulations":"pivalate25 mg/ml suspension for injection. Itclear vial containing 4 ml. There are two formulations, Percorten-V, and Zycortal, that differ slightly in the amounts of excipients and preservatives.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Desoxycorticosterone pivalate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM,SQ Q25-30 days","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2.2 mg/kg q25 days SQ or IM. Adjust dose by monitoring electrolytes. The most consistent dosage for DOCP has been 2.2 mg/kg SQ once per 25 days, but many dogs can be managed with a starting dose of 1.5 mg/kg with a target interval ranging from 28 to 30 days. Cats2.2 mg/kg SQ every 25 days (adjust dose by monitoring).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Desoxycorticosterone pivalate (DOCP, Percorten-V, Zycortal)","value":103},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution, ophthalmic, and injection","adverseEffects":"Glucocorticoid 7-10× more potent than prednisone. Adverse effects are those typical of glucocorticoids (e.g., PU/PD, polyphagia, GI ulceration, HPA axis suppression, hyperglycemia). Often used for short duration, substituting an intermediate-acting glucocorticoid (e.g., prednisone or prednisolone) if chronic therapy required. Do not combine with NSAIDs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Azium, Dexate, Decadron","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Glucocorticoid; effects (and uses) vary with doseAnaphylaxis:0.5 mg/kg IV onceAnti-inflammatory:0.1-0.2 mg/kg PO, SQ, or IV q24hImmunosuppressive:0.2-0.5 mg/kg PO, SQ, or IV q24hHypoadrenocortical crisis:0.1-0.5 mg/kg IV; maintenance:<0.1 mg/kg PO prn up to q24hLDDST:0.01 mg/kg IV onceHDDST:0.1 mg/kg IV once","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"4 mg/","perml":"ml","value":4,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Glucocorticoid; effects (and uses) vary with doseAnaphylaxis:0.5 mg/kg IV onceAnti-inflammatory:0.1-0.2 mg/kg PO, SQ, or IV q24hImmunosuppressive:0.2-0.5 mg/kg PO, SQ, or IV q24hLDDST:0.1 mg/kg IV once","fluids":"","formulations":"Sodium phosphate solution 4 mg/ml, equivalent to 3 mg/ml of dexamethasone base.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle AndHorsesTreatment of inflammation:0.04-0.15 mg/kg/day IV or IM. Ketosis (cattle):0.01-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM. Induction of parturition (cattle):0.05 mg/kg (25 mg per animal) as a single dose during the last week or 2 weeks of pregnancy. A dose of PGF2 alpha may be administered concurrently (0.5 mg/animal). Dexamethasone suppression test in horses:40 mcg/kg and collect samples at 17 and 19 hours. SheepInduction of parturition:0.15 mg/kg/day IM for 1-5 days during the last week of gestation.","multiply":"","name":"Dexamethasone sodium phosphate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SQ, IV (once)","small_animal_dosage":"Anti-inflammatory:0.07-0.15 mg/kg q12-24h IV or IM. Shock, spinal injury (efficacy is questionable and risks may be high):2.2-4.4 mg/kg IV. Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test:0.01 mg/kg or 0.015 mg/kg IV (for dogs) and 0.1 mg/kg IV (for cats) and collect sample at 0, 4, and 8 hours. High-dose dexamethasone suppression test:0.1 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg IV (for dogs) and 1.0 mg/kg IV (for cats).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (Azium)","value":104},{"administration":"Injection, oromucosal gel","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include bradycardia (does not usually require treatment), AV block, decreased respiration, hypothermia, urination, vomiting, hyperglycemia, and pain on IM injection. Prolonged sedation, paradoxical excitation, hypersensitivity, apnea, and death from circulatory failure may occur, although rarely. Often combined with butorphanol or hydromorphone for profound sedation. Adverse effects of oromucosal gel are typically limited to mild sedation.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Dexdomitor, Sileo","bsa":true,"calc":"Dexmedetomidine","calcID":"375","canine_dose":"125 mcg/m2 IM for preanesthetic, minor sedation, short-term procedures, and analgesia (range, 9 mcg/kg for small dogs to 3 mcg/kg for large dogs). 375 mcg/m2 IV or 500 mcg/m2 IM for deeper sedation, analgesia, and minor surgical procedures. For comparison, a dose of 375 mcg/m2 is equivalent to 176 mcg/kg for a 10-kg dog and to 36.75 mcg/kg for a 30-kg dog. When calculating doses, the lower doses are used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other analgesic or anesthetic agents. Combination anesthetics:Ketamine (3 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (15 mcg/kg), and buprenorphine (40 mcg/kg) can be combined for one single IM injection in dogs for short-term surgical procedure or intubation for surgery. Oromucosal gel:125 mg/m2 applied to the gingiva between the cheek and gum. If swallowed, it will not be effective.","canineDosage":"Sedation/analgesia:5-10 mcg/kg IM or IVPreanesthetic:125-375 mcg/m2 IMTreatment of noise aversion using the oromucosal gel (Sileo):125 mcg/m2 BSA administered onto the oral mucosa between the dog's cheek and gum. The first dose should be administered approximately 30-60 minutes before onset of fear stimulus.","catdose":20,"category":"Analgesic Anesthetic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 10-40 mcg/kg IM,IV IM,IV </span>","class":"","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":500,"id":1},{"name":"0.1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":125,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i> 125-500 mcg/m<sup>2</sup> IM,IV </span>","dosage":"","dosemax":500,"dosemin":125,"doseper":375,"dosestep":"","dosevalue":375,"drugName":"Dexmedetomidine","feline_dose":"IM dose:40 mcg/kg (0.04 mg/kg) IM (0.35 ml for 4-kg cat). Lower doses (e.g., 10-25 mcg/kg) have been used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other agents. Injectable solution applied to the oral mucosa:20-40 µg/kg sprayed into the cat’s mouth for sedation. (It can be mixed with buprenorphine.) IV dose:5-20 mcg/kg, with degree of sedation increasing with the dose. (This may be used with other agents, such as ketamine 5 mg/kg.) Oral mucosal gel (Sileo):5 mcg/kg applied to the gingiva of cats between cheek and gum (0.25 ml, or “one dot” from the dosing syringe per cat). Combinations:Dexmedetomidine can be combined with other agents and administered for short-term procedures. In these protocols, the dose of dexmedetomidine generally ranges from 10 to 20 mcg/kg administered IM with other agents. Examples include 3-5 mg/kg ketamine + 20 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg + 10 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, or alfaxalone 2 mg/kg + dexmedetomidine 20 mcg/kg) in one syringe and administered IM 10 minutes prior to a minor procedure. Other combinations have included dexmedetomidine (10 mcg/kg), ketamine (5 mg/kg), and butorphanol (0.2-0.4 mg/kg), or buprenorphine (0.03 mg/kg) injected IM to produce lateral recumbency. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Administer initial dose of 3-10 mcg/kg IM followed by 1 mcg/kg/h CRI. Reversal:atipamezole 0.2 mg/kg IM. Induction of vomiting:10 mcg/kg, IM. Lower doses IV also are effective.","felineDosage":"Sedation:10-20 mcg/kg IMEmesis induction:7 mcg/kg IM or 3.5 mcg/kg IV, and reverse after emesis (which occurs before sedation)","fluids":"Dexmedetomidine","formulations":"vials containing 0.5 mg/ml injection, and a lower concentration of 0.1 mg/ml in sterile vials. Human formulation is Precedex. Dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel (Sileo) contains 0.9 mg/ml dexmedetomidine supplied in a 3-ml syringe with a marked plunger to allow for administration of an accurate dose.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":131,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesSurgery:5 mcg/kg IV bolus. CRI:8 mcg/kg/h IV. Perioperative analgesia:1.75-2 mcg/kg/h IV.","multiply":"","name":"Dexmedetomidine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/m2","dose_basis":"mcg_per_m2","perml":"mcg/ml","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs125 mcg/m2 IM for preanesthetic, minor sedation, short-term procedures, and analgesia (range, 9 mcg/kg for small dogs to 3 mcg/kg for large dogs). 375 mcg/m2 IV or 500 mcg/m2 IM for deeper sedation, analgesia, and minor surgical procedures. For comparison, a dose of 375 mcg/m2 is equivalent to 176 mcg/kg for a 10-kg dog and to 36.75 mcg/kg for a 30-kg dog. When calculating doses, the lower doses are used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other analgesic or anesthetic agents. Combination anesthetics:Ketamine (3 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (15 mcg/kg), and buprenorphine (40 mcg/kg) can be combined for one single IM injection in dogs for short-term surgical procedure or intubation for surgery. Oromucosal gel:125 mg/m2 applied to the gingiva between the cheek and gum. If swallowed, it will not be effective. CatsIM dose:40 mcg/kg (0.04 mg/kg) IM (0.35 ml for 4-kg cat). Lower doses (e.g., 10-25 mcg/kg) have been used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other agents. Injectable solution applied to the oral mucosa:20-40 µg/kg sprayed into the cat’s mouth for sedation. (It can be mixed with buprenorphine.) IV dose:5-20 mcg/kg, with degree of sedation increasing with the dose. (This may be used with other agents, such as ketamine 5 mg/kg.) Oral mucosal gel (Sileo):5 mcg/kg applied to the gingiva of cats between cheek and gum (0.25 ml, or “one dot” from the dosing syringe per cat). Combinations:Dexmedetomidine can be combined with other agents and administered for short-term procedures. In these protocols, the dose of dexmedetomidine generally ranges from 10 to 20 mcg/kg administered IM with other agents. Examples include 3-5 mg/kg ketamine + 20 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg + 10 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, or alfaxalone 2 mg/kg + dexmedetomidine 20 mcg/kg) in one syringe and administered IM 10 minutes prior to a minor procedure. Other combinations have included dexmedetomidine (10 mcg/kg), ketamine (5 mg/kg), and butorphanol (0.2-0.4 mg/kg), or buprenorphine (0.03 mg/kg) injected IM to produce lateral recumbency. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Administer initial dose of 3-10 mcg/kg IM followed by 1 mcg/kg/h CRI. Reversal:atipamezole 0.2 mg/kg IM. Induction of vomiting:10 mcg/kg, IM. Lower doses IV also are effective.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"title":"Dexmedetomidine (Dexdomitor, Sileo)","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":105},{"administration":"Tablets, injection, or rectal gel. CSS-IV.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include sedation, ataxia, CNS excitement (dogs), increased appetite, hepatic failure (cats). Tolerance to the antiepileptic effects over time limits usefulness. Use with caution in hepatic or renal disease; in aggressive, debilitated, or geriatric patients; or in patients with significant respiratory depression. Diazepam injection is physically incompatible with many other injectable drugs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Valium","bsa":"","calc":"Diazepam","calcID":"Diazepam2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Cluster seizures or status epilepticus:0.5-1 mg/kg rectally; 0.5 mg/kg intranasally; 0.5-1 mg/kg IV, 0.1-2 mg/kg/h IV as a CRIAdjunctive treatment of metronidazole toxicity (CNS):0.43 mg/kg IV and then PO q8h for 3 daysPremedication in combination with other sedatives:0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV","catdose":"","category":"Anticonvulsant Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugName":"Diazepam","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Due to fatal idiosyncratic hepatic failure in some cats, many clinicians avoid use of oral diazepam in cats.For anesthesia in combination with other drugs:0.1-0.3 mg/kg IV","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"2, 5, and 10 mg tablets; 5 mg/ml oral solution; and 5 mg/ml solution for injection.","hide":"","index":95,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle, Sheep, and Goats0.02-0.08 mg/kg IV, up to 0.5 mg/kg slowly IV. Dose according to desired effect. Cows may be recumbent after 0.5 mg/kg. Do not administer IM. HorsesSeizures:0.1-0.4 mg/kg IV (start with 50-100 mg per horse). CRI for foals:1-3 mg/h.","name":"Diazepam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Preanesthetic:0.5 mg/kg IV. Status epilepticus:0.5 mg/kg IV, 0.5-1 mg/kg sprayed intranasal, or 1 mg/kg rectal; repeat if necessary. CRI:15 mcg/kg/min (1 mg/kg/h), which can be decreased by 50% in some animals if excessive side effects are observed. Appetite stimulant (cats):0.2 mg/kg IV. Behavior treatment (cats):1-4 mg/cat q12-24h PO. Behavior treatment (dogs):0.5-2 mg/kg q4-6h PO.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Diazepam (Valium, Diastat)","value":107},{"administration":"Oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are more likely in dogs with hepatic dysfunction and include GI upset, tachycardia, hematologic abnormalities, DM, cataracts, and sodium and water retention. Contraindicated in hypoglycemia secondary to insulin overdosage. Use with extreme caution in CHF or renal disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Proglycem","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Insulinoma:Initially 5 mg/kg PO q12h. May gradually increase to 50 mg/kg PO q12h.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Malignancy-associated hypoglycemia:Initially 5 mg/kg PO q12h. May gradually increase to 40 mg/kg PO q12h.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Diazoxide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q12h","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Diazoxide (Proglycem)","value":108},{"administration":"Available only through compounding","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include blood dyscrasias, GI effects, and pyometra (nonspayed females). DES was removed from the human market due to carcinogenicity in the offspring of exposed pregnant women. Other drugs usually preferred to DES for urinary incontinence (e.g., phenylpropanolamine, estriol).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"DES","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Dose ranges from 0.1-1 mg per dog q24h PO. The size of the dose is proportional to size of the dog. Continue daily dose for 5 days; then reduce frequency of administration to two or three times per week.","canineDosage":"Sphincter mechanism incompetence:0.1-1 mg/DOG (0.02 mg/kg, to a maximum of 1 mg) PO q24h for 3-5 days as an induction dose and then decreased to lowest dose that will maintain urinary continence, often once or twice a week","catdose":0.05,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span> <b>Use with caution in cats</b>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.5,"id":1},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.1,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":true,"feline_dose":"0.05-0.1 mg/cat q24h PO.","felineDosage":"Use is not described in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"DES has been available in 1- and 5 mg tablets and 50 mg/ml injection. DES is no longer marketed commercially in the United States, but it is available from compounding pharmacies.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"DES is no longer marketed commercially in the US. Monitor CBC and Liver function.Use with caution in cats","large_animal_dosage":"No dose is available for large animals. Use in animals intended for food is prohibited.","multiply":"","name":"Diethylstilbestrol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID x 3-5 days then weekly","small_animal_dosage":"DogsDose ranges from 0.1-1 mg per dog q24h PO. The size of the dose is proportional to size of the dog. Continue daily dose for 5 days; then reduce frequency of administration to two or three times per week. Cats0.05-0.1 mg/cat q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Diethylstilbestrol (DES)","value":109},{"administration":"Tablets and oral elixir","adverseEffects":"GI upset is commonly associated with high blood concentration, and arrhythmias may occur. Use with extreme caution in animals with renal disease, complex ventricular arrhythmia, or subaortic stenosis. Digoxin is relatively contraindicated in cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Monitor blood concentrations. Toxicity more likely with hypokalemia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lanoxin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.005-0.011 mg/kg q12h PO (dose used by most cardiologists). Alternatively, doses have varied based on dog’s body weight:dogs weighing less than 20 kg:0.005-0.01 mg/kg q12h and if weighing greater than 20 kg:0.22 mg/m2 q12h PO (subtract 10% for elixir). Rapid digitalization:0.0055-0.011 mg/kg q1h IV to effect. Atrial fibrillation:0.005 mg/kg q12h PO (may be combined with diltiazem at 3 mg/kg q12h PO).","canineDosage":"Atrial fibrillation:Initially, 0.0025-0.005 mg/kg PO q12h (alternatively in dogs weighing > 20 kg, dose digoxin using BSA at 0.22 mg/m2). Do not exceed 0.25 mg/DOG (regardless of size) in a 12-hour period. Base dose on lean BW.","catdose":0.005,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.125 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.125,"id":1},{"name":"0.25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.25,"id":2},{"name":"0.05 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.05,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.004,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.005,"dosemin":0.0025,"doseper":0.004,"dosestep":0.0005,"dosevalue":0.004,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.008-0.01 mg/kg q48h PO. (Approximately one fourth of a 0.125 mg tablet/cat.)","felineDosage":"CHF associated with DCM:cats <3 kg,of a 0.125-mg tablet PO q 48h; cats 3-6 kg,of a 0.125-mg tablet PO q24h; cats >6 kg,of a 0.125-mg tablet PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"0.0625, 0.125, and 0.25 mg tablets and 0.05 and 0.15- mg/ml elixir.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle22 mcg/kg (0.022 mg/kg) IV loading dose followed by 0.86 mcg/kg/h IV or multiple doses of 3.4 mcg/kg q4h. Plasma concentrations to monitor are similar as for other animals. Horses2 mcg/kg (0.002 mg/kg) IV q12h. 15 mcg/kg (0.015 mg/kg) q12h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Digoxin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.005-0.011 mg/kg q12h PO (dose used by most cardiologists). Alternatively, doses have varied based on dog’s body weight:dogs weighing less than 20 kg:0.005-0.01 mg/kg q12h and if weighing greater than 20 kg:0.22 mg/m2 q12h PO (subtract 10% for elixir). Rapid digitalization:0.0055-0.011 mg/kg q1h IV to effect. Atrial fibrillation:0.005 mg/kg q12h PO (may be combined with diltiazem at 3 mg/kg q12h PO). Cats0.008-0.01 mg/kg q48h PO. (Approximately one fourth of a 0.125 mg tablet/cat.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Digoxin (Lanoxin)","value":110},{"administration":"Available in immediate-release and sustained-release tablets, and injection","adverseEffects":"Oral diltiazem is available in a wide variety of dosage forms with different release profiles. Clinicians should ensure that the correct dosage form is dispensed. XR capsules contain inner tablets that may be fractionated for dosing cats and small dogs. Contraindicated in severe hypotension, sick sinus syndrome, or second- and third-degree AV block, acute myocardial infarction (MI), radiographically documented pulmonary congestion. Use with caution in geriatric patients or in those with heart failure (particularly if also receiving beta-blockers) or with hepatic or renal impairment.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cardizem, Dilacor XR","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"For most uses:0.5-1.5 mg/kg q8h PO. For atrial fibrillation, dosages as high as 5 mg/kg q12h PO have been used as monotherapy, or a combination of diltiazem (3 mg/kg q12h PO) plus digoxin (0.005 mg/kg q12h, PO) has been used. Atrial fibrillation:0.05-0.25 mg/kg IV administered every 5 minutes to effect. Supraventricular tachycardia:0.25 mg/kg over 2 minutes IV (repeat if necessary). First, inject 0.25 mg/kg; then wait 20 minutes for response before repeating. To administer a CRI, inject 0.15-0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes; then use a CRI of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h, up to a maximum of 0.4 mg/kg/h. Acute renal failure:0.2 mg/kg IV (slowly) followed by 3-5 mcg/kg/min CRI.","canineDosage":"Acute SVT:0.05 mg/kg IV over 1-2 minutes; repeat prn to total dose of 0.75 mg/kg IVChronic supraventricular tachycardia:Initially, 1 mg/kg PO q8h and titrated upward to a maximum of 4 mg/kg PO q8hTachycardia of atrial fibrillation:0.5-1.5 mg/kg PO q8h of immediate-release tablets; or 3-5 mg/kg PO q12h for sustained-release products","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":1},{"name":"60 mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":2},{"name":"90 mg/","perml":"tab","value":90,"id":3},{"name":"120 mg/","perml":"tab","value":120,"id":4}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1.75,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1.75,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1.75-2.4 mg/kg q8h PO. Most common dosage in cats with immediate-release formulations is 7.5-10 mg per cat q8h PO, with frequency reduced to q12h in some cats. Dilacor XR or Cardizem CD:10 mg/kg once daily PO. Extended-release tablets can be more difficult to use in cats compared to other tablets but have been used at 30 or 60 mg per cat (see later). Tablets are difficult to break for use in cats. Note that “XR,” “SR,” and “CD” all refer to slow-release formulations. Dilacor XR-240 mg contains four 60 mg tablets. XR-180 contains three 60 mg tablets. Slow- and extended-release tablets are not recommended for routine use in cats because they produce inconsistent plasma concentrations that may result in ineffective treatment in some and adverse effects in others. The dose of 30 mg per cat of Dilacor XR (extended-release tablets) produced fewer adverse effects than 60 mg per cat.","felineDosage":"Arrhythmias of HCM:0.8-2.5 mg/kg PO q12h to q8h; 10 mg/kg PO q24h, in sustained-release form","fluids":"","formulations":"30, 60, 90, and 120 mg tablets. Diltiazem is also available as 120, 180, and 240 mg extended-release capsules and in a 5 mg/ml injection solution. Extended-release capsules have three or four tablets in one unit. The capsule may be opened to release the individual tablets for oral dosing in dogs and cats.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.125 mg/kg IV over at least 2 minutes. Repeat every 10 minutes as needed or until a total dose of 1.1 mg/kg. Doses as high as 1-2 mg/kg have been used in research animals.","multiply":"","name":"Diltiazem hydrochloride","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q8-12h","small_animal_dosage":"DogsFor most uses:0.5-1.5 mg/kg q8h PO. For atrial fibrillation, dosages as high as 5 mg/kg q12h PO have been used as monotherapy, or a combination of diltiazem (3 mg/kg q12h PO) plus digoxin (0.005 mg/kg q12h, PO) has been used. Atrial fibrillation:0.05-0.25 mg/kg IV administered every 5 minutes to effect. Supraventricular tachycardia:0.25 mg/kg over 2 minutes IV (repeat if necessary). First, inject 0.25 mg/kg; then wait 20 minutes for response before repeating. To administer a CRI, inject 0.15-0.25 mg/kg IV over 2 minutes; then use a CRI of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h, up to a maximum of 0.4 mg/kg/h. Acute renal failure:0.2 mg/kg IV (slowly) followed by 3-5 mcg/kg/min CRI. Cats1.75-2.4 mg/kg q8h PO. Most common dosage in cats with immediate-release formulations is 7.5-10 mg per cat q8h PO, with frequency reduced to q12h in some cats. Dilacor XR or Cardizem CD:10 mg/kg once daily PO. Extended-release tablets can be more difficult to use in cats compared to other tablets but have been used at 30 or 60 mg per cat (see later). Tablets are difficult to break for use in cats. Note that “XR,” “SR,” and “CD” all refer to slow-release formulations. Dilacor XR-240 mg contains four 60 mg tablets. XR-180 contains three 60 mg tablets. Slow- and extended-release tablets are not recommended for routine use in cats because they produce inconsistent plasma concentrations that may result in ineffective treatment in some and adverse effects in others. The dose of 30 mg per cat of Dilacor XR (extended-release tablets) produced fewer adverse effects than 60 mg per cat.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Diltiazem Hydrochloride (Cardizem,Dilacor)","value":112},{"administration":"Tablets, injections. Injections should be diluted before administration.","adverseEffects":"Can cause CNS depression, anticholinergic effects, and GI upset. Use with caution in GI or urinary obstruction, hyperthyroidism, seizure disorders, cardiovascular disease or hypertension. Less effective than maropitant.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Dramamine, Gravol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"4-8 mg/kg q8-12h PO. IM or IV for the injection form.","canineDosage":"Motion sickness:4-8 mg/kg PO, IM, or IV q8h","catdose":12.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":8,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":12.5,"dosemin":4,"doseper":8,"dosestep":2,"dosevalue":8,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"12.5 mg/cat q8-12h PO. IM or IV for the injection form.","felineDosage":"Motion sickness:12.5 mg/CAT PO, IM, IV q8h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Dimenhydrinate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs4-8 mg/kg q8-12h PO. IM or IV for the injection form. Cats12.5 mg/cat q8-12h PO. IM or IV for the injection form.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Dimenhydrinate (Dramamine, Gravol)","value":113},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects may include vomiting, seizures with higher dosages, increased blood pressure, and tachycardia. Contraindicated with impaired hepatic function (unless secondary to acute arsenic toxicity) and iron, cadmium, or selenium poisoning. Use with caution with impaired renal function. Alkalinize urine to prevent reabsorption. Administer deep IM (painful).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"BAL in Oil, British anti-lewisite","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Chelating agent (e.g., arsenicals):2.5-5 mg/kg IM q4h for the first 2 days of treatment, then q12h until recovery","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":4,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Chelating agent (e.g., arsenicals):2.5-5 mg/kg IM q4h for the first 2 days of treatment, then q12h until recovery","fluids":"","formulations":"n injection that must be prepared by compounding.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"4 mg/kg q4h IM.","multiply":"","name":"Dimercaprol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Dimercaprol (BAL in Oil, British anti-lewisite)","value":115},{"administration":"Not available in the United States. Available in other countries as injection and powder for oral solution, but imports into the United States may be seized by the FDA and U.S. Customs.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include tremors, itching, sweating, convulsions, dyspnea, recumbency, hypotension, and diarrhea.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Berenil","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Babesia treatment:3.5-5 mg/kg q12h for two doses IM.","canineDosage":"Babesiosis, trypanosomiasis:4.2 mg/kg IM q 21 days","catdose":2,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":44,"decimal":2,"dogdose":3.5,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":3.5,"dosemin":2,"doseper":3.5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":3.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"4 mg/kg IM q24h for five doses.","felineDosage":"Cytauxzoonosis:2 mg/kg IM repeated in 7 days","fluids":"","formulations":"two forms, diminazene aceturate and diminazene diaceturate salts. The powdered formulation of diminazene diaceturate (Veriben) was reconstituted with sterile water to a concentration of 7 mg/ml for IM injection in cats. This formulation contained 3 mg/kg diminazene diaceturate (equivalent to 1.68 mg/kg base or 2.6 mg/kg of diminazene aceturate).","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"CattleTreatment of Trypanosoma cruzi or Babesia, 3.5-7 mg/kg IM. Horses (See Precautionary Information.)Equne piroplasmosis:diminazene diaceturate:3.5-5 mg/kg IM, q48h for two treatments. Babesia treatment, diminazene diaceturate:3-5 mg/kg IM q12h for two treatments.","multiply":"","name":"Diminazene","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsBabesia treatment:3.5-5 mg/kg q12h for two doses IM. Cats4 mg/kg IM q24h for five doses.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Diminazene (Berenil)","value":116},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Absolutely contraindicated in any desired pregnancy. Adverse effects include abdominal pain, emesis, defecation, urination, and pupillary dilation followed by constriction, tachycardias, restlessness and anxiety, fever, hypersalivation, dyspnea, and panting. Cats may also exhibit increased vocalization and intense grooming behavior.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lutalyse","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Pyometra:0.1-0.2 mg/kg once daily for 5 days SQ. Terminate pregnancy:0.025-0.05 mg (25-50 mcg)/kg q12h IM.","canineDosage":"Pyometra (use is very controversial):Day 1, give 0.1 mg/kg SQ once; Day 2, give 0.2 mg/kg SQ once; Days 3-7, give 0.25 mg/kg SQ q24hAbortifacient up to 30 days after breeding:0.1 mg/kg SQ q8h for 3 days and then 0.2 mg/kg SQ q8h to effect, usually in combination with misoprostol","catdose":0.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"12.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":12.5,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.1,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Pyometra:0.1-0.25 mg/kg, once daily for 5 days SQ. Terminate pregnancy:0.5-1 mg/kg IM for two injections.","felineDosage":"Pyometra:0.1 mg/kg SQ on the first day, then 0.25 mg/kg SQ q24h for 5 days","fluids":"","formulations":"5 mg/ml solution for IM injection.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"CattleTerminate pregnancy:25 mg total dose, administered once IM. Estrus synchronization:25 mg (5 ml), total dose, IM once or twice at 10- to 12-day intervals. Pyometra:25 mg, total dose, administered once IM. HorsesEstrus synchronization:1 mg/100 lb (1 mg/45 kg) or 1-2 ml administered once IM. Mares should return to estrus within 2-4 days and ovulate 8-12 days after treatment. PigsInduction of parturition:10 mg (2 ml) administered once IM. Parturition occurs within 30 hours.","multiply":"","name":"Dinoprost tromethamine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ, IM","small_animal_dosage":"DogsPyometra:0.1-0.2 mg/kg once daily for 5 days SQ. Terminate pregnancy:0.025-0.05 mg (25-50 mcg)/kg q12h IM. CatsPyometra:0.1-0.25 mg/kg, once daily for 5 days SQ. Terminate pregnancy:0.5-1 mg/kg IM for two injections.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Dinoprost tromethamine (Lutalyse)","value":117},{"administration":"Tablets, oral liquid. CSS-V.","adverseEffects":"Adverse opioid effects include constipation, bloat, and sedation. Do not use in patients receiving MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz, l-deprenyl) or in patients with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutants. Use with caution in respiratory disease, hepatic encephalopathy, hypothyroidism, severe renal insufficiency, adrenocortical insufficiency, head injuries, increased intracranial pressure, acute abdominal conditions, and in geriatric or severely debilitated patients.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lomotil","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.1-0.2 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Antitussive use:0.2-0.5 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Antidiarrheal:Dosage is based on the diphenoxylate component:0.05-0.2 mg/kg PO q 8-12hAntitussive:0.25 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2.5,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.05-0.1 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"Not usually recommended for cats due to opioid stimulation","fluids":"","formulations":"2.5 mg tablets that also contain 0.025 mg atropine. Oral solution:2.5 mg plus 0.025 mg atropine in 5 ml of solution (cherry flavored, with 15% alcohol).","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No use in large animals is reported.","multiply":"","name":"Diphenoxylate HCl with atropine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, BID, TID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.2 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Antitussive use:0.2-0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats0.05-0.1 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Diphenoxylate HCl with atropine (Lomotil)","value":120},{"administration":"Tablets, powder, gel; give with food","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI distress (food may alleviate), Heinz-body hemolytic anemia (cats). Contraindicated in renal failure, pancreatic disease, hepatic insufficiency, pre-existing acidosis, oxalate or urate calculi.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Methio-Form","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Urinary acidification:100 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":1000,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":500,"decimal":2,"dogdose":500,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1500,"dosemin":200,"doseper":500,"dosestep":100,"dosevalue":500,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Urinary acidification:1000-1500 mg/CAT PO q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"DL-methionine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/dog or mg/cat","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"DL-methionine","value":121},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in dogs with the MDR1/ABCB1-Δ genetic mutation. Adverse effects are rare in nonmutant dogs, but include pupil dilation, lethargy, blindness, or coma.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Dectomax","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Demodex treatment:600 mcg/kg once per week for 5-23 weeks SQ or PO.","canineDosage":"Demodectic and sarcoptic mange:0.6 mg/kg PO or SQ q 7 days; continue treatment until remission of clinical signs and no evidence of mites on 2 successive skin scrapings 14 days apart; 0.3 mg/kg SQ q 3-4 days may be better tolerated than 0.6 mg/kg q 7 days","catdose":0.3,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.3,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.6,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.3,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Mite infection:200-270 mcg/kg once SQ. 0.1 ml of 1% solution given once SQ.","felineDosage":"Demodicosis:400-600 mcg/kg (0.4-0.6 mg/kg) SQ q 7 days for 4 weeks past 2 consecutive negative skin scrapings 4-6 weeks apart","fluids":"","formulations":"1% (10 mg/ml) injection and a 5 mg/ml (0.5%) topical transdermal solution.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle200 mcg/kg (0.2 mg/kg) or 1 ml per 50 kg (110 lb), single injection, IM or SQ. Transdermal solution:Give 500 mcg (0.5 mg) per kg or 1 ml per 10 kg (4.5 lb) as a single dose along the animal’s back, along the midline. Pigs300 mcg/kg (0.3 mg/kg) or 1 ml per 34 kg (75 lb), single injection, IM.","multiply":"","name":"Doramectin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsDemodex treatment:600 mcg/kg once per week for 5-23 weeks SQ or PO. CatsMite infection:200-270 mcg/kg once SQ. 0.1 ml of 1% solution given once SQ.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Doramectin (Dectomax)","value":124},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include hypertension, arrhythmias, seizures, hypersensitivity, and respiratory alkalosis. Contraindicated in mechanical ventilation, seizure disorders, head trauma, respiratory failure secondary to neuromuscular disorders, airway obstruction, pulmonary embolism, pneumothorax, acute asthma, dyspnea, or whenever hypoxia is not associated with hypercapnia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Dopram-V","bsa":"","calc":"Doxapram","calcID":"Doxapram2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Laryngeal function exam:2.2 mg/kg IVStimulate respiration during anesthesia:1.1 mg/kg (with gas anesthesia) or 5.5-11 mg/kg (with barbiturate anesthesia) IVStimulate respiration in neonates:0.1 ml (2 mg) IV in umbilical vein (IM or sublingual also possible)","catdose":"","category":"Respiratory","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":20,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Doxapram","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Laryngeal function exam:2.2 mg/kg IVStimulate respiration during anesthesia:1.1 mg/kg (with gas anesthesia) or 5.5-11 mg/kg (with barbiturate anesthesia) IVStimulate respiration in neonates:0.1 ml (2 mg) IV in umbilical vein (IM or sublingual also possible)","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"20 mg/ml solution.","hide":"","index":117,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Foals:initial IV dose of 0.5 mg/kg followed by a CRI of 0.03-0.08 mg/kg/min for 20 minutes or initiate treatment with 0.05-0.08 mg/kg/min CRI and continue for 8-12 hours.","name":"Doxapram","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Doxapram (Dopram-V)","value":126},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, oral solution","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in animals currently or recently (within 2 weeks) exposed to MAO inhibitors or fluoxetine. Adverse effects include hyperexcitability, GI distress, or lethargy, and a dose-related ventricular tachycardia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Sinequan","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"1-5 mg/kg q12h PO. Start with low dose (e.g., 0.5-1 mg/kg) and gradually increase. Lick granuloma:0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO. (For comparison, antipruritic dose for people is 10-25 mg/person one to three times per day and increased as needed.)","canineDosage":"Psychogenic dermatoses:3-5 mg/kg (not more than 50 mg/DOG) PO q12h tapered to lowest effective dose","catdose":0.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"75 mg/","perml":"cap","value":75,"id":3},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":3,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.5-1 mg/kg q12-24h. Start with low dose initially.","felineDosage":"Psychogenic dermatoses:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q 12-24h tapered to lowest effective dose","fluids":"","formulations":"10, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 mg capsules and 3- and 6 mg tablets (Silenor). Generic and Sinequan are available in a 10 mg/ml oral solution.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are reported.","multiply":"","name":"Doxepin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs1-5 mg/kg q12h PO. Start with low dose (e.g., 0.5-1 mg/kg) and gradually increase. Lick granuloma:0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO. (For comparison, antipruritic dose for people is 10-25 mg/person one to three times per day and increased as needed.) Cats0.5-1 mg/kg q12-24h. Start with low dose initially.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Doxepin (Sinequan)","value":127},{"administration":"Injection administered by IV catheter with 0.9% saline or 5% dextrose infusion over ≥15 minutes. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements. Extravasations should be treated with dexrazoxane.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include myelosuppression, cardiac toxicity (dogs), nephrotoxicity (cats), alopecia, gastroenteritis (vomiting, diarrhea), and stomatitis. Some brands cause hypersensitivity in dogs. Use with caution in patients with impaired hepatic function (dosage adjustments necessary), and in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutations. Extravasation can cause severe tissue damage (dexrazoxane treatment indicated).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"mls (Dilute 1:4)","brandName":"Adriamycin, Doxil","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"30 mg/m2 every 21 days IV. Alternatively, doxorubicin may be administered according to body weight:dogs weighing more than 15 kg:30 mg/m2; dogs weighing less than 15 kg:1 mg/kg.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:30 mg/m2 IV q 2-3 weeks. Maximum cumulative dose = 180-240 mg/m2 depending on breed and risk factors.","catdose":"25","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":30,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":25,"doseper":30,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":30,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"20 mg/m2 (≈1.25 mg/kg) every 3 weeks IV. In some cats, higher doses of 25 mg/m2 appear to be equally tolerated.","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:20-25 mg/m2 or 1 mg/kg IV q 3-5 weeks. Maximum cumulative dose suggested 180 mg/m2.","fluids":"","formulations":"2 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses70 mg/m2 (0.84-0.96 mg/kg) IV every 3 weeks for six cycles.","multiply":"","name":"Doxorubicin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs30 mg/m2 every 21 days IV. Alternatively, doxorubicin may be administered according to body weight:dogs weighing more than 15 kg:30 mg/m2; dogs weighing less than 15 kg:1 mg/kg. Cats20 mg/m2 (≈1.25 mg/kg) every 3 weeks IV. In some cats, higher doses of 25 mg/m2 appear to be equally tolerated.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Doxorubicin (Adriamycin, Doxil)","value":128},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, gel, oral suspension, or injection. Injection must be diluted to not more than 1 mg/ml for IV administration; do not administer IM or SQ.","adverseEffects":"GI upset, hepatopathy, and hypersensitivity can occur, as can enamel staining in puppies/kittens. May cause anorexia and hyperthermia in cats. Solid dosage forms may cause esophageal erosion/stricture (especially cats). Administer with food or follow with at least 6 ml of liquid. GI protectants can reduce absorption. Compounded liquid stability limited.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Doxirobe, Vibramycin","bsa":"","calc":"Doxycycline","calcID":"Doxycycline2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-10 mg/kg PO or 5 mg/kg IV q 12-24hImmune-mediated dermatosis:5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h with niacinamide","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":3},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":4},{"name":"75mg/","perml":"tab","value":75,"id":5},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":6},{"name":"150mg/","perml":"tab","value":150,"id":7},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":8}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Doxycycline","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-10 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"10 mg/ml oral suspension; 20, 50, 75, 100, and 150 mg tablets; and 50 and 100 mg capsules (doxycycline hyclate). Doxycycline monohydrate 50- or 100 mg tablets or capsules. A controlled-release formulation (Oracea) contains 10 mg delayed release and 30 mg immediate release in one capsule. Doxycycline hyclate injection100 and 200 mg injection vial. The vial should be diluted to 10 mg/ml initially and then to 1 mg/ml before slow IV infusion. Administer IV only and not via the SQ or IM routes.","hide":"","index":76,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses:20 mg/kg q12h PO. (Do not administer IV.) For Lawsonia intracellularis:20 mg/kg PO q24h for 3 weeks.","multiply":"","name":"Doxycycline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SID or BID","small_animal_dosage":"5 mg/kg q12h PO or IV. 10 mg/kg q24h PO. Rickettsia (dogs):5 mg/kg q12h. Ehrlichia (dogs):5 mg/kg q12h for at least 14 days. Hemoplasmosis (cats):10 mg/kg, PO, once daily for 7 days. Heartworm treatment (dogs):10 mg/kg q12h PO administered for 28 days prior to adulticide treatment. It may be administered in combination with ivermectin.BirdsMix four 100 mg doxycycline hyclate capsules with 1 L of water (400 mg/L). Shake to make solution and offer as only source of water to birds to eliminate bacteria. Alternatively, 25 mg/kg PO q12h for 3 weeks.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Doxycycline (Doxirobe, Vibramycin)","value":129},{"administration":"Available only through compounding. Administer on empty stomach if tolerated, or give with a small amount of food if GI upset.","adverseEffects":"May cause vomiting, skin eruptions, vascular lesions, or cytopenias; monitor CBC and supplement pyridoxine (vitamin B6) 25 mg PO q24h.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Cuprimine, Depen","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Copper hepatopathy:10-15 mg/kg PO q12h on an empty stomach (at least 20-30 minutes before feeding)Lead intoxication:30-110 mg/kg divided into 6 doses for 7 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":250,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":15,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Lead poisoning:Limited dosing information; 10-15 mg/kg or 125 mg/CAT PO q12h for 5 days","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"D -penicillamine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"D-penicillamine","value":130},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Can cause cholinergic signs; pretreat (0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV) or have atropine available during use. Relatively contraindicated in asthma or mechanical urinary or intestinal tract obstruction. Use with caution in bradycardias or atrioventricular block.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Tensilon, Enlon","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Test for myasthenia gravis:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IVReversal of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockade:0.25-0.5 mg/kg IV using low dose first; repeat once if necessary","catdose":0.25,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.2,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Test for myasthenia gravis:0.25-0.5 mg/CAT IV","fluids":"","formulations":"10 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":"","name":"Edrophonium","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Edrophonium (Tensilon, Enlon)","value":131},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution, and injection (as enalaprilat)","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, azotemia, hyperkalemia; cough is reported in humans. Use with caution in renal insufficiency (dosages may need to be reduced) and in patients with hyponatremia, hypotension, pre-existing hematologic abnormalities, or a collagen vascular disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Enacard, Vasotec","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. In some animals, it may be necessary to increase dose to 1 mg/kg/day, administered as 0.5 mg/kg q12h.","canineDosage":"ACE inhibition for CHF:0.5 mg/kg PO q24h, can increase to q12h if neededProteinuria:0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h initially, increasing prn up to 2 mg/kg daily","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"1.25 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.25,"id":5},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.25,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 1-1.25 mg/cat/day PO.","felineDosage":"ACE inhibition for CHF:0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q24hProteinuria:0.25-1 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"Vasotec (human preparation) in 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg tablets and as Enacard (veterinary preparation) in 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses:Although enalapril has been examined in research horses, there are no clinical studies available to establish doses.","multiply":"","name":"Enalapril maleate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. In some animals, it may be necessary to increase dose to 1 mg/kg/day, administered as 0.5 mg/kg q12h. Cats0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 1-1.25 mg/cat/day PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Enalapril maleate (Enacard, Vasotec)","value":132},{"administration":"Injection. U-100 insulin syringes are useful for providing accurate doses. Expensive.","adverseEffects":"Can cause or worsen bleeding. Must be given SQ. Available in broad range of concentrations; ensure correct dosing. Monitor via Xa activity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lovenox","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.8 mg/kg SQ q6h (see Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests for dose adjustment). The dose may need to be adjusted because this may not achieve adequate anti-Xa levels in all dogs.","canineDosage":"Thromboprophylaxis:0.8-1 mg/kg SQ q 6-8h","catdose":1,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"30 mg/0.3 ml","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"40 mg/0.4 ml","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":2},{"name":"60 mg/0.6 ml","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"80 mg/0.8 ml","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":5},{"name":"120 mg/0.8 ml","perml":"ml","value":150,"id":6},{"name":"150 mg/","perml":"ml","value":150,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":1,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1.5,"dosemin":0.8,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.75-1 mg/kg SQ q12h, up to 1.25 mg/kg SQ q6h. Every 6 hours is preferred by many experts. (See Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests for dose adjustment.)","felineDosage":"Thromboprophylaxis:0.75-1.5 mg/kg SQ q 6-8h","fluids":"","formulations":"100 mg/ml in the following sizes:30 mg in 0.3-ml, 40 mg in 0.4-ml, 60 mg in 0.6-ml, 80 mg in 0.8-ml, 100 mg in 1-ml, and 300 mg/3-ml injection; and 150 mg/ml with 120 mg/0.8 ml and 150 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesProphylaxis:0.5 mg/kg q24h SQ and 1 mg/kg q24h SQ for high-risk patients.","multiply":"","name":"Enoxaparin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.8 mg/kg SQ q6h (see Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests for dose adjustment). The dose may need to be adjusted because this may not achieve adequate anti-Xa levels in all dogs. Cats0.75-1 mg/kg SQ q12h, up to 1.25 mg/kg SQ q6h. Every 6 hours is preferred by many experts. (See Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests for dose adjustment.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Enoxaparin (Lovenox)","value":133},{"administration":"Tablets, injections approved for small animals. Do not use large animal injections by any route in small animals. Compounding pharmacies can prepare stable oral suspensions. Oral dosing best on an empty stomach to avoid chelation (especially dairy). Must be diluted to 10× the volume (e.g., 2.27 mg/ml final concentration) in saline before SQ or IV administration.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated in dogs at approved route/dose. Can cause GI upset, CNS stimulation, pain on injection. Can cause blindness in cats after parenteral injection or at doses >5 mg/kg/d (less toxic fluoroquinolone agents are available for use in cats). Risk of cartilage damage in young, growing animals (consider risk/benefit ratio). IV administration of undiluted enrofloxacin may cause dogs to vomit. Use with caution in hepatic or renal insufficiency. Many potential drug interactions. Use of large animal enrofloxacin injection in small animals may cause severe phlebitis and sloughing at injection site due to extremely alkaline pH, and will cause mucosal ulceration if given orally.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Baytril, Enroflox","bsa":"","calc":"Enrofloxacin","calcID":"Enrofloxacin2","canine_dose":"5-20 mg/kg/day IM, PO, or IV. Higher doses are used for bacteria with high MIC values in the intermediate range of susceptibility. For uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection, 18-20 mg/kg once daily PO every 3 days.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:10-20 mg/kg q24h PO, IM. Can be given off label as diluted product by SQ or IV route","catdose":2.5,"category":"Antibiotic","catmax":5,"catmin":2.5,"cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 2.5-5 mg/kg SID or Divided BID, PO,SQ,IM,IV(slow)</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"22.7mg/","perml":"ml","value":22.7,"id":1},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":2},{"name":"22.7mg/","perml":"tab","value":22.7,"id":3},{"name":"68mg/","perml":"tab","value":68,"id":4},{"name":"136mg/","perml":"tab","value":136,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":2.5,"dogmax":"15","dogmin":"2.5","dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 2.5-15 mg/kg SID or Divided BID, PO,SQ,IM,IV(slow)</span>","dosemax":15,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":2.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugName":"Enrofloxacin","feline_dose":"5 mg/kg/day PO or IM. Avoid IV use in cats. Do not exceed 5 mg/kg in cats.Exotic AnimalsUsually 5 mg/kg/day IM or oral in reptiles every other day or every third day.Birds15 mg/kg q12h IM or PO.","felineDosage":"Due to the risk of irreversible retinal blindness, other fluoroquinolones are preferred for use in cats. If used, doses must not exceed 5 mg/kg/d and should not be used by parenteral route","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"","hide":"","index":77,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses5 mg/kg q24h IV. 7.5 mg/kg q24h PO. 5 mg/kg of 100 mg/ml solution (Baytril-100) IM once per day (rotate injection sites).Cattle (BRD)Single dose:7.5-12.5 mg/kg once SQ (3.4-5.7 ml/100 lb). Multiple dose:2.5-5 mg/kg SQ (1.1-2.3 ml/100 lb) once daily for 3-5 days.Swine (SRD)7.5 mg/kg IM or SQ behind the ear once. Do not administer more than 5 ml per injection site.","multiply":"","name":"Enrofloxacin","outputtext":"Enrofloxacintext","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM,PO,IV SID or divided BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-20 mg/kg/day IM, PO, or IV. Higher doses are used for bacteria with high MIC values in the intermediate range of susceptibility. For uncomplicated lower urinary tract infection, 18-20 mg/kg once daily PO every 3 days. Cats5 mg/kg/day PO or IM. Avoid IV use in cats. Do not exceed 5 mg/kg in cats.Exotic AnimalsUsually 5 mg/kg/day IM or oral in reptiles every other day or every third day.Birds15 mg/kg q12h IM or PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"title":"Enrofloxacin (Baytril, Enroflox)","value":134},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules","adverseEffects":"Can cause hypercalcemia. Calcitriol is safer and generally preferred over ergocalciferol; however, ergocalciferol may be less expensive.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Calciferol, Drisdol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hypocalcemic tetany:4000-6000 units/kg PO q24h initially and then 1000-2000 units/kg PO q24h to once weekly","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50,000 IU/","perml":"cap","value":50000,"id":1},{"name":"400 IU/","perml":"tab","value":400,"id":2},{"name":"2000 IU/","perml":"tab","value":2000,"id":3},{"name":"8000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":8000,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10000,"dosemin":2000,"doseper":4000,"dosestep":500,"dosevalue":4000,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hypocalcemic tetany:4000-6000 units/kg PO q24h initially and then 1000-2000 units/kg PO q24h to once weekly","fluids":"","formulations":"50,000 units per capsule.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":"","name":"Ergocalciferol","outputtext":"","perkg":"IU/day","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ergocalciferol (Calciferol, Drisdol)","value":137},{"administration":"Injection, tablets, topical. Currently injection and tablets are difficult to obtain for veterinary use. Although formerly cost effective, it has become expensive.","adverseEffects":"GI upset or pain is the most common adverse effect. Allergic reactions are rare. Painful on IM injection. Multiple drug interactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Ery-Tab, E.E.S., Erythrocin","bsa":"","calc":"Erythromycin","calcID":"Erythromycin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Promotility agent:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q8hSusceptible infections:10-20 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":2},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dosemax":20,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Erythromycin","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Promotility agent:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q8hSusceptible infections:10-20 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","formulations":"several forms that contain either a 250- or 500 mg erythromycin base. Oral formulations include 25 and 50 mg/ml erythromycin estolate suspension, 40 mg/ml erythromycin ethylsuccinate suspension, 400 mg ethylsuccinate tablets, and 250 and 500 mg erythromycin stearate tablets. IV formulations include erythromycin lactobionate, but erythromycin gluceptate is rarely available. Erythromycin phosphate, a feed additive available as a powder, has been administered in horses and shown to produce adequate absorption. Erythromycin phosphate is 260 mg/g, which is equivalent to 231 mg erythromycin base per gram.","hide":"","index":156,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesR. equi:Erythromycin phosphate or erythromycin estolate 37.5 mg/kg q12h PO or 25 mg/kg q8h PO. Note that in horses, erythromycin base (plain tablets) are poorly absorbed, and other forms should be used. (See Instructions for Dosing regarding dosage forms.) Erythromycin lactobionate injection:5 mg/kg q4-6h IV. To stimulate GI motility:1 mg/kg. CattleAbscesses, pododermatitis:2.2-8.8 mg/kg q24h IM. Pneumonia:2.2-8.8 mg/kg q24h IM or 15 mg/kg q12h IM. Stimulate rumen motility:calves, 8.8 mg/kg IM; cows, 10 mg/kg IM.","multiply":"","name":"Erythromycin","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"BID,TID","small_animal_dosage":"10-20 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Prokinetic effects (GI):0.5-1 mg/kg q8-12h PO or IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","title":"Erythromycin","value":138},{"administration":"Injection. Iron supplementation suggested.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include autoantibody development, causing worsened anemia, vomiting, hypertension, seizures, uveitis, iron depletion, local reactions at injection sites, fever, arthralgia, and mucocutaneous ulcers. Contraindicated in uncontrolled hypertension.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"EPO, rHuEPO, Epogen, Procrit","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Erythropoiesis:100 units/kg SQ 3×/wk until the low end of the target hematocrit range is achieved, then once weekly.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":2000,"id":1},{"name":"3000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":3000,"id":2},{"name":"4000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":4000,"id":3},{"name":"10,000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":10000,"id":4},{"name":"20,000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":20000,"id":5},{"name":"40,000 IU/","perml":"ml","value":40000,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":150,"dosemin":50,"doseper":100,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Erythropoiesis:100 units/kg SQ 3×/wk until the low end of the target hematocrit range is achieved, then once weekly.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Erythropoietin","outputtext":"","perkg":"IU/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ, IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Erythropoietin (EPO, rHuEPO, Epogen, Procrit)","value":139},{"administration":"Injection vials or premixed ready-to-administer bags. Injection diluted in saline or D5W before administration.","adverseEffects":"Can cause hypotension or bradycardia. Contraindicated in overt cardiac failure, 2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block, bradycardia, or in cardiogenic shock. Use with caution in CHF, bronchoconstrictive lung disease, or DM.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Brevibloc","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Short-term control of SVT:0.05-0.1 mg/kg/min IV CRI, titrated to effect. Can administer intermittent IV bolus of 0.05-0.1 mg/kg q 5 minutes up to a maximum of 0.5 mg/kg","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"2 g/100","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"2.5 g/250","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Short-term control of SVT:0.05-0.1 mg/kg/min IV CRI, titrated to effect","fluids":"","formulations":"10 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.2 mg/kg over 1 minute IV. After 10 minutes, administer 0.5 mg/kg over 1 minute IV. CRI:0.5 mg/kg IV followed by 25 mcg/kg/min IV.","multiply":"","name":"Esmolol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"0.5 mg/kg (500 mcg/kg) IV, which may be given as 0.05-0.1 mg/kg slowly every 5 minutes. CRI:0.5 mg/kg slowly over a 30- to 60-second period followed by 50- to 200-mcg/kg/min infusion.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Esmolol (Brevibloc)","value":140},{"administration":"Tablets OTC","adverseEffects":"Seldom used in dogs. Use caution in patients with hepatopathy. Multiple drug interactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Nexium","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"20 mg/dog q24h PO, 1-2 mg/kg q12h PO, or 0.5-1 mg/kg IV q12h.","canineDosage":"Proton pump inhibitor antacid:1 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"cap","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"cap","value":40,"id":2},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"20 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"40 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":40,"id":5},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"pkt","value":10,"id":6},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"pkt","value":20,"id":7},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"pkt","value":40,"id":8}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1 mg/kg q12h PO or IV.","felineDosage":"Use is not described for cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"Oral forms:Esomeprazole20 and 40 mg delayed-release capsules; 2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg powder for delayed-release suspension, and 24.65 and 49.3 mg delayed-release capsules. Oral packets containing granules:There are also packets available in sizes of 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 40 mg. To prepare this oral form, empty the contents of each 2.5- or 5 mg packet into a container with 5 ml of water or empty the 10, 20, or 40 mg packet into a container with 15 ml of water. Stir and leave for 2-3 minutes until it thickens. Then it may be administered orally. Store at room temperature. Injection forms:20 and 40 mg esomeprazole sodium vials for injection. Reconstitute with 5 ml of normal saline and inject IV. For IV infusion, this may be further diluted for IV infusion (e.g., 100 ml). Fifty ml of 0.9% saline may be mixed with a 40 mg vial to produce a concentration of 0.8 mg/ml, which may be infused IV. Discard fluid bag after 5 days. Five ml of 0.9% saline may be mixed for a concentration of 8 mg/ml and injected IV. After dilution in normal saline, Ringer’s solution, or 5% dextrose, the solutions are stable in fluid bags for 48 hours at room temperature or 120 hours if refrigerated.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreat ulcers:4 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks PO. (But doses as low as 2 mg/kg might be equally effective.) Prevent ulcers:1-2 mg/kg q24h PO. Treatment of ulcers:Loading dose of 1 mg/kg PO followed by 0.5 mg/kg/day for 14-28 days.","multiply":"","name":"Esomeprazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs20 mg/dog q24h PO, 1-2 mg/kg q12h PO, or 0.5-1 mg/kg IV q12h. Cats1 mg/kg q12h PO or IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Esomeprazole (Nexium)","value":141},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are GI- and estrogen-related; bone marrow depression risk appears to be low with this estrogen.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Incurin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2 mg per dog PO q24h (may be combined with PPA). After starting with 2 mg per dog per day, after 1 week, reduce dose to 1.5 mg per dog per day for 1 week, then 1 mg per dog per day for 1 week, and a gradually tapered regimen and increased interval (every other day, every third day, and so on) until a goal of 0.5 mg per dog once per week is achieved.","canineDosage":"Hormone-responsive urinary incontinence:2 mg PO q24h for 14 days then taper to lowest effective dose","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"No dose has been established.","felineDosage":"Dosing in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"1 mg tablet.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Estriol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/dog","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2 mg per dog PO q24h (may be combined with PPA). After starting with 2 mg per dog per day, after 1 week, reduce dose to 1.5 mg per dog per day for 1 week, then 1 mg per dog per day for 1 week, and a gradually tapered regimen and increased interval (every other day, every third day, and so on) until a goal of 0.5 mg per dog once per week is achieved. CatsNo dose has been established.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Estriol (Incurin)","value":142},{"administration":"Use either Everclear (190 proof, equals 95% ethanol) or plain vodka (80 proof, equals 40% ethanol). To make ethanol solution, divide desired final % solution by ethanol % in product and multiply by ml of fluid in bag (e.g., 5% dextrose) to give the volume of fluid to be replaced by ethanol. For example, to make 7% ethanol using Everclear, (7%/95%) × 1000 ml D5W - 74 ml, meaning remove 74 ml of fluid from liter bag and add 74 ml of Everclear. To make 20% solution using 80 proof (40% ethanol) vodka in a 1-liter bag of D5W, (20%/40%) × 1000 ml = 500 ml, remove 500 ml of fluid from bag and replace with 500 ml of vodka.","adverseEffects":"Fomepizole is preferred for both species (higher dose for cats), but availability and expense may prevent use. Adverse effects of ethanol include CNS and respiratory depression, hypoglycemia, diuresis, as well as pain and infection at the injection site. Avoid extravasation. Monitor fluid, electrolyte, and respiratory status; monitor blood alcohol levels.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Dehydrated Alcohol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Ethylene glycol poisoning—CRI or intermittent-dose strategy:CRI:loading dose of 8.6 ml/kg slow IV of 7% alcohol solution, followed by 1.43-2.86 ml/kg/h CRI for 48 hoursIntermittent-dose strategy:5.5 ml/kg of a 20% solution IV over 1 hour q4h for 5 treatments, then q6h for four additional treatments, each dose being given over 1 hour","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1.3,"doseper":1.3,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1.3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Ethylene glycol poisoning—CRI or intermittent-dose strategy:CRI:loading dose of 8.6 ml/kg slow IV of 7% alcohol solution, followed by 1.43-2.86 ml/kg/h CRI for 48 hoursIntermittent-dose strategy:5.5 ml/kg of a 20% solution IV over 1 hour q4h for 5 treatments, then q6h for four additional treatments, each dose being given over 1 hour","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Ethanol","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ethanol","value":143,"dogWarning":"Use 20% solution in 5% dextrose. Monitor for CNS depression."},{"administration":"Tablets; give on empty stomach.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include esophagitis, GI upset, renal damage, and bone pain. Contraindicated in renal impairment, delayed esophageal emptying, upper GI inflammation or ulcers, and bone fractures.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Didronel","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5 mg/kg/day PO.","canineDosage":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy:5-30 mg/kg PO q24h or divided q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":1},{"name":"400 mg/","perml":"tab","value":400,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"10 mg/kg/day PO.","felineDosage":"Hypercalcemia of malignancy:5-20 mg/kg PO q24h or divided q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"200 and 400 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Etidronate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5 mg/kg/day PO. Cats10 mg/kg/day PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Etidronate (Didronel)","value":144},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated, but anorexia and polydipsia have been noted in some cats.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Famvir","bsa":"","calc":"Famciclovir","calcID":"Famciclovir2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Dosing in dogs is not described.","catdose":"","category":"Antiviral","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"125mg/","perml":"tab","value":125,"id":1},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":2},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":90,"dosemin":30,"doseper":90,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":90,"drugName":"Famciclovir","feline_dose":"Treatment of feline herpes virus:The preferred dose is 90 mg/kg q12h, and some experts recommend q8h. Higher doses of 500 mg per cat (92-227 mg/kg) also have been used. Lower dosages should be used in kittens (30-50 mg/kg q12h PO).","felineDosage":"Feline herpesvirus type 1 (FHV-1):90 mg/kg PO q12h, or 125 mg/CAT PO q8h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"125, 250, and 500 mg tablets. It has been compounded into smaller tablets for kittens. A compounded oral suspension may be made by mixing 20 of the 500 mg famciclovir tablets (10 g), with 100 ml of a 1:1 mixture of Ora-Plus and Ora-Sweet. The final oral suspension is 100 mg/ml and is stable for 90 days if stored in a refrigerator. Label to indicate that it should be well shaken before use. Other compounded formulations for animals have not shown consistent quality or strength.","hide":"","index":19,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesNo doses have been established.","multiply":"","name":"Famciclovir","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, BID-TID <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"CatsTreatment of feline herpes virus:The preferred dose is 90 mg/kg q12h, and some experts recommend q8h. Higher doses of 500 mg per cat (92-227 mg/kg) also have been used. Lower dosages should be used in kittens (30-50 mg/kg q12h PO).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Famciclovir (Famvir)","value":145},{"administration":"Tablets, chewable tablets, disintegrating tablets, coated tablets, oral suspension, and injection. Oral forms OTC.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but use with caution in severe cardiac, hepatic, or renal dysfunction (consider dose reduction). Rapid IV administration might cause bradycardia or hemolysis (cats).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Pepcid","bsa":"","calc":"Famotidine","calcID":"Famotidine2","canine_dose":"0.5 mg/kg q12h PO, IV, SQ, or IM. A dosage of 40 mg/dog q12h has been used empirically. Higher dosages of 1 mg/kg q12h have been recommended for more reliable suppression of stomach acid. CRI:1 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 8 mg/kg/day CRI.","canineDosage":"H2 antagonist antacid:0.5-1.1 mg/kg PO, IM, SQ, or IV q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"cap","value":40,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Famotidine","feline_dose":"0.2 mg/kg q24h, up to 0.25 mg/kg q12h IM, SQ, PO, or IV (slowly over 5 minutes).","felineDosage":"H2 antagonist antacid:0.5-1.1 mg/kg PO, IM, SQ, or IV q 12-24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"20 and 40 mg tablets, 8 mg/ml oral suspension, and 10 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":18,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses Cattle1-2 mg/kg q6-8h PO or 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV q6h. 0.4 mg/kg IV q6h.","multiply":"","name":"Famotidine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO,SQ,IV BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 mg/kg q12h PO, IV, SQ, or IM. A dosage of 40 mg/dog q12h has been used empirically. Higher dosages of 1 mg/kg q12h have been recommended for more reliable suppression of stomach acid. CRI:1 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 8 mg/kg/day CRI. Cats0.2 mg/kg q24h, up to 0.25 mg/kg q12h IM, SQ, PO, or IV (slowly over 5 minutes).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Famotidine (Pepcid)","value":146},{"administration":"Tablets, oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Use is typically after multiple other agents have failed.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Felbatol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Start with 15-20 mg/kg q8h PO; increase as needed to control seizures. Maximum dosage is approximately 70 mg/kg q8h PO. Small dogs:200 mg/dog q8h PO; increase to a maximum dosage of 600 mg/dog q8h. Large dogs:400 mg/dog q8h. Increase dose gradually by 200 mg (15 mg/kg) increments until seizure control. Maximum dosage for large dogs is 1200 mg/dog q8h.","canineDosage":"Adjunctive antiepileptic:15-20 mg/kg PO q8h, up to 70-80 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"400 mg/","perml":"tab","value":400,"id":1},{"name":"600 mg/","perml":"tab","value":600,"id":2},{"name":"600 mg/5 ml","perml":"ml","value":120,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":70,"dosemin":15,"doseper":15,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Dosing in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"120 mg/ml oral suspension and 400 and 600 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Felbamate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"q8h PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsStart with 15-20 mg/kg q8h PO; increase as needed to control seizures. Maximum dosage is approximately 70 mg/kg q8h PO. Small dogs:200 mg/dog q8h PO; increase to a maximum dosage of 600 mg/dog q8h. Large dogs:400 mg/dog q8h. Increase dose gradually by 200 mg (15 mg/kg) increments until seizure control. Maximum dosage for large dogs is 1200 mg/dog q8h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Felbamate (Felbatol)","value":147},{"administration":"Oral granules, oral suspension. OTC formulations.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset; bone marrow suppression rarely reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Panacur","bsa":"","calc":"Fenbendazole","calcID":"Fenbendazole2","canine_dose":"50 mg/kg/day for 3 days PO. Duration may be extended to 5 days for severe parasitic infestations. For pulmonary helminths (lungworms) in dogs, increase the duration of this dosage to 10-14 days. Giardia treatment:50 mg/kg q24h for 3-5 days.","canineDosage":"Susceptible helminth infections:50 mg/kg PO q24h; duration usually longer for respiratory (7 days) than GI (3 days) parasitesProphylaxis in pregnant bitch:25 mg/kg PO q24h from 40 days of pregnancy until 2 days after whelping","catdose":"","category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"222mg/","perml":"g","value":222,"id":1},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"paste","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":100,"dosemin":25,"doseper":50,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":50,"drugName":"Fenbendazole","feline_dose":"50 mg/kg/day for 3 days PO. Duration may be extended to 5 days for severe parasitic infestations.","felineDosage":"Susceptible helminth infections:50 mg/kg PO q24h (not FDA approved in cats)","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"22.2% (222 mg/g) (Panacur) granules, 10% oral paste (92 g/32 oz), and 100 mg/ml oral suspension. Some formulations (e.g., Panacur Plus) may contain other ingredients such as ivermectin and praziquantel.","hide":"","index":20,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesIntestinal parasites, such as strongyles, pinworms, and ascarids:Panacur granules or paste is administered at a dose of 5.1 mg/kg (2.3 mg/lb) PO. Two packets of 1.15 g each will treat a 450-kg (1000-lb) horse. Panacur paste can be administered to horses at a dose of 5 mg/kg PO. Retreatment at 6-8 weeks may be necessary. For treatment of ascarids (Parascaris equorum) in horses, a higher dose of 10 mg/kg is recommended.Sheep and Goats5 mg/kg PO. Cattle5 mg/kg PO or 5 mg/kg/day provided in feed for 3-6 days.","multiply":"","name":"Fenbendazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID x 3-5 days (Consult Insert)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs50 mg/kg/day for 3 days PO. Duration may be extended to 5 days for severe parasitic infestations. For pulmonary helminths (lungworms) in dogs, increase the duration of this dosage to 10-14 days. Giardia treatment:50 mg/kg q24h for 3-5 days. Cats50 mg/kg/day for 3 days PO. Duration may be extended to 5 days for severe parasitic infestations.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Fenbendazole (Panacur, Safe-Guard)","value":148},{"administration":"Injection, transdermal patches. CSS-II.","adverseEffects":"Use with caution in geriatric, ill, or debilitated patients and in those with a pre-existing respiratory problem or CNS depression. Adverse effects include dose-related respiratory, CNS, and circulatory depression (bradycardia); also urine retention, constipation, dysphoria, or agitation. Naloxone can reverse mu but not kappa-receptor effects. Dogs may become dysphoric when used as a postoperative CRI. Avoid human exposure when handling. Potential for human abuse.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Sublimaze, Duragesic","bsa":"","calc":"Fentanyl","calcID":"Fentanyl2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Analgesia:Injection—0.01-0.04 mg/kg SQ, IM, IV; CRI—0.003-0.006 mg/kg/h (3-6 mcg/kg/h) IV; Patches—5-10 kg = 25 mcg/h; 10-20 kg = 50 mcg/h; 20-30 kg = 75 mcg/h; >30 kg = 100 mcg/h","catdose":"","category":"Narcotic","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":40,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Fentanyl","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Analgesia:Injection—0.01-0.04 mg/kg SQ, IM, IV; CRI—0.003-0.006 mg/kg/h (3-6 mcg/kg/h) IV; Patches—2.5-mg patch (= 25 mcg/h)","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"citrate250-mcg/5 ml injection (50 mcg/ml). Fentora buccal tablets are 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mcg.","hide":"","index":172,"infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Small Ruminants5-10 mcg/kg (0.005-0.010 mg/kg) IV.","multiply":"","name":"Fentanyl","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mcg/ml","route":"IV titrated to effect,SQ,IM CRI (See Fentanyl CRI Protocol)","small_animal_dosage":"Anesthetic uses:0.02-0.04 mg/kg q2h IV, SQ, or IM; if administered with acepromazine or diazepam, use 0.01 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ. Analgesic agent, 0.005-0.01 mg/kg q2h IV, IM, or SQ. Cat premedication prior to surgery:2-5 mcg/kg IV(0.002-0.005 mg/kg IV). CRI for pain control in cats:Start with a 3-5 mcg/kg (0.003-0.005 mg/kg) IV loading dose, then 2-5 mcg/kg/h, and increase up to 7 mcg/kg/h if necessary to control pain. CRI for pain control in dogs:Start with 0.003-0.005 mg/kg IV (3-5 mcg/kg) loading dose followed by 0.005 mg/kg/h (5 mcg/kg/h) and increase to 10 mcg/kg/h if necessary to control pain. CRI for maintenance of surgery in dogs:Administer 10 mcg/kg IV initially, then start CRI at 5 mcg/kg/h, and increase to 50 mcg/kg/h, if needed.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Fentanyl (Sublimaze, Duragesic)","value":149},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution; give with food. OTC.","adverseEffects":"GI upset is common but can be lessened by administration with food. Overdosage can be fatal.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Fer-In-Sol, Feosol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"100-300 mg/dog q24h PO. Usually administered with a meal.","canineDosage":"Iron-deficiency anemia:100-300 mg/DOG PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"45 mg/","perml":"tab","value":45,"id":1},{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":2},{"name":"300 mg/","perml":"tab","value":300,"id":3},{"name":"325 mg/","perml":"tab","value":325,"id":4},{"name":"220 mg/5 ml","perml":"ml","value":44,"id":6},{"name":"300 mg/5 ml","perml":"ml","value":60,"id":7},{"name":"75 mg/","perml":"ml","value":75,"id":8}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":2,"dosemax":6,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"50-100 mg/cat q24h PO.","felineDosage":"Iron-deficiency anemia:50-100 mg/CAT PO once q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"Over-the-counter oral formulations are available; 250 mg ferrous sulfate contains 50 mg of elemental iron. 1 g of the dried form (desiccated form) contains 300 mg of elemental iron. Or each tablet of 200 mg of dried ferrous sulfate contains 65 mg of elemental iron. Injectable forms are usually iron dextran.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Ferrous sulfate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs100-300 mg/dog q24h PO. Usually administered with a meal. Cats50-100 mg/cat q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ferrous sulfate (Fer-In-Sol, Feosol)","value":150},{"administration":"Injection (concentrations variable)","adverseEffects":"Occasionally, irritation at the injection site may occur. Bone or musculoskeletal pain, splenomegaly (including splenic rupture), glomerulonephritis, capillary leak syndrome, and hypotension have been reported in humans. Antibody formation may occur.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Neupogen","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Neutropenia:5 mcg/kg SQ q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"300 mcg/","perml":"ml","value":0.3,"id":1},{"name":"480 mcg/1.6 ml","perml":"ml","value":0.3,"id":2},{"name":"300 mcg/0.5 ml","perml":"ml","value":0.6,"id":3},{"name":"480 mcg/0.8 ml","perml":"ml","value":0.6,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":1,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Neutropenia:5 mcg/kg SQ q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Filgrastim","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mcg","route":"SQ q24h","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Filgrastim (Neupogen)","value":151},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset and minor sexual side effects. Use with caution in hepatic impairment.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Proscar, Propecia","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Benign prostatic hypertrophy:0.1-1 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":"","dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Dosing in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"1 and 5 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Finasteride","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q24h","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Finasteride (Proscar, Propecia)","value":152},{"administration":"Tablets (give with food), chewable tablets, injection","adverseEffects":"Can cause GI upset, but serious gastric ulcer/perforation is possible. Do not combine with other NSAIDs or corticosteroids.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Previcox, Equioxx","bsa":"","calc":"Firocoxib","calcID":"Firocoxib","canine_dose":"5 mg/kg once daily PO.","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:5 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"57mg/","perml":"tab","value":57,"id":1},{"name":"227mg/","perml":"tab","value":227,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":3,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Firocoxib","feline_dose":"1.5 mg/kg once PO. Long-term safety in cats has not been determined.","felineDosage":"Not recommended for use in cats.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"57- and 227 mg tablets. Equine oral paste 8.2 mg/g of paste (0.82% w/w). Equine injection 20 mg/ml solution for IV use (with polyethylene glycol and glycerol vehicle).","hide":"","index":175,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.1 mg/kg q24h PO for up to 14 days. IV:0.09 mg/kg IV once daily (2 ml per 1000 lb, or 2.6 ml/1250 lb; 1.5 ml/750 lb). CalvesAn approved dose is not established, but 0.5 mg/kg PO or IV has been used q24h.","multiply":"","name":"Firocoxib","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID (3 days) *DOGS ONLY*<i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5 mg/kg once daily PO. Cats1.5 mg/kg once PO. Long-term safety in cats has not been determined.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Firocoxib (Previcox, Equioxx)","value":153},{"administration":"Tablet, powder for oral suspension, injection","adverseEffects":"GI upset, CNS, and skin effects can occur. Multiple drug interactions. Not effective for all fungal infection (e.g., not effective for aspergillosis).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Diflucan","bsa":"","calc":"Fluconazole","calcID":"Fluconazole2","canine_dose":"5 mg/kg q12h PO or IV. In refractory cases, increase dosage to 10 mg/kg q12h PO or IV. Blastomycosis:10 mg/kg/day. Malassezia treatment:5 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible mycotic infection, including fungal cystitis:5-10 mg/kg PO, IV q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"Antifungal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":2},{"name":"150mg/","perml":"tab","value":150,"id":3},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":4},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":15,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Fluconazole","feline_dose":"50 mg/cat per once daily PO; in refractory cases, increase to 50 mg per cat q12h PO (10 mg/kg q12h). In most cases, it is administered once daily.","felineDosage":"Susceptible mycotic infection, including fungal cystitis:5-10 mg/kg PO, IV q 12-24hCNS cryptococcosis:50-100 mg/CAT PO, IV q12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"50, 100, 150, and 200 mg tablets; 10 and 40 mg/ml oral suspension; and 2 mg/ml IV injection.","hide":"","index":21,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses5 mg/kg q24h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Fluconazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID to BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5 mg/kg q12h PO or IV. In refractory cases, increase dosage to 10 mg/kg q12h PO or IV. Blastomycosis:10 mg/kg/day. Malassezia treatment:5 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats50 mg/cat per once daily PO; in refractory cases, increase to 50 mg per cat q12h PO (10 mg/kg q12h). In most cases, it is administered once daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Fluconazole (Diflucan)","value":154},{"administration":"Tablets; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are dose related and include PU/PD, hypertension, edema, and hypokalemia. GI discomfort may occur and can be lessened with food.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Florinef","bsa":"","calc":"Fludrocortisone","calcID":"Fludrocortisone2","canine_dose":"10 mcg/kg/day PO (0.01 mg/kg). The dosage can be increased to 30 mcg/kg/day (0.03 mg/kg) PO if necessary based on electrolyte monitoring.","canineDosage":"Hypoadrenocorticism:0.1 mg/5 kg or 0.01 mg/kg PO q24h, adjusted according to response","catdose":"","category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":0.1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.02,"drugName":"Fludrocortisone","feline_dose":"0.1-0.3 mg/cat q24h PO (100-300 mcg per cat). To test for primary aldosteronism, administer 0.05 mg/kg q12h for 4 days and measure effect with urine aldosterone-to-creatinine ratio. (The range is greater than 7.5 × 10-9 in cats with hyperaldosteronism.)","felineDosage":"Hypoadrenocorticism:0.05-0.1 mg/CAT PO q24h adjusted according to response","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"100-mcg (0.1 mg) tablets.","hide":"","index":192,"infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Fludrocortisone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID or Divided BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs10 mcg/kg/day PO (0.01 mg/kg). The dosage can be increased to 30 mcg/kg/day (0.03 mg/kg) PO if necessary based on electrolyte monitoring. Cats0.1-0.3 mg/cat q24h PO (100-300 mcg per cat). To test for primary aldosteronism, administer 0.05 mg/kg q12h for 4 days and measure effect with urine aldosterone-to-creatinine ratio. (The range is greater than 7.5 × 10-9 in cats with hyperaldosteronism.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Fludrocortisone (Florinef)","value":156},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include injection site reactions, vomiting, cutaneous vasodilation, vertigo, ataxia, and blurred vision; seizures and cardiac arrhythmias have been reported in humans. Use extreme caution in mixed overdoses as rapid withdrawal of benzodiazepines may precipitate seizures if used to control epilepsy.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Romazicon","bsa":"","calc":"Flumazenil","calcID":"Flumazenil2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Reversal of benzodiazepines:0.01 mg/kg IV and repeat q h if needed","catdose":"","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":0.1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"Other Anesthetic","dosemax":0.04,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.01,"drugName":"Flumazenil","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Reversal of benzodiazepines:0.01 mg/kg IV and repeat q h if needed","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"100-mcg/ml (0.1 mg/ml) injection.","hide":"","index":124,"indication":"Reversal","large_animal_dosage":"Horses, Cattle, Swine, andSheepTo reverse benzodiazepines:20 mcg/kg IV (0.02 mg/kg).","multiply":"","name":"Flumazenil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IV. To reverse benzodiazepines:0.2 mg (total dose), as needed, IV.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Flumazenil (Romazicon)","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":157},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution","adverseEffects":"Do not use in patients receiving MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz, l-deprenyl). Use with caution in DM or seizure disorders; dosages may need to be reduced in patients with severe hepatic impairment. Adverse effects include anorexia, lethargy, GI effects, anxiety, irritability, insomnia, hyperactivity, panting, or hyperreactivity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Prozac, Reconcile","bsa":"","calc":"Fluoxetine","calcID":"Fluoxetine2","canine_dose":"1-2 mg/kg once daily PO.","canineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:1-2 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":0.4,"category":"Antidepressant","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"8mg/","perml":"tab","value":8,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"16mg/","perml":"tab","value":16,"id":3},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"cap","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"20mg/5","perml":"ml","value":4,"id":5},{"name":"32mg/","perml":"tab","value":32,"id":6},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"cap","value":40,"id":7},{"name":"64mg/","perml":"tab","value":64,"id":8}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":1,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":3,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Fluoxetine","feline_dose":"0.5-4 mg/cat q24h PO (0.5-1 mg/kg/day). Start with 1/4 tablet (2.5 mg) per cat and increase as needed. Urine marking:1 mg/kg q24h PO and increase to 1.5 mg/kg if there has been inadequate response.","felineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:0.5-1 mg/kg or 2 mg/CAT PO q24h","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"human formulations of 10, 20, and 40 mg capsules; 10, 20, and 60 mg tablets; and 4 mg/ml oral solution. The veterinary formulations have been available in sizes of 8, 16, 32, and 64 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":22,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses:0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO once daily, mixed with grain.","multiply":"","name":"Fluoxetine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID (Cats 0.5-4 mg/cat SID)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs1-2 mg/kg once daily PO. Cats0.5-4 mg/cat q24h PO (0.5-1 mg/kg/day). Start with 1/4 tablet (2.5 mg) per cat and increase as needed. Urine marking:1 mg/kg q24h PO and increase to 1.5 mg/kg if there has been inadequate response.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Fluoxetine (Prozac, Reconcile)","value":159,"dogmin":"1","dogmax":"2","catmin":"0.5","catmax":"1.5"},{"administration":"Tablets OTC, injection","adverseEffects":"Very well tolerated","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"folate, vitamin B9","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Folate deficiency:1-5 mg PO, SQ weeklyPoorly regenerative anemia:1-5 mg PO q24h (anecdotal)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"400 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.4,"id":1},{"name":"800 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.8,"id":2},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":3},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":1,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Folate deficiency:1-5 mg PO, SQ weeklySupplement during prolonged trimethoprim/sulfa treatment:2 mg/CAT q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Folic acid","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/day","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Folic acid (folate, vitamin B9)","value":162},{"administration":"Injection. Veterinary product discontinued and human product very expensive. Dilute with saline or D5W and administer by slow IV infusion.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects after rapid IV infusion include phlebitis and phlebosclerosis; anaphylaxis is possible. Monitor and treat acid/base, fluid, and electrolyte imbalances. May inhibit elimination of ethanol (and vice versa).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Antizol-Vet, 4-MP","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"20 mg/kg initially IV, then 15 mg/kg at 12- and 24-hour intervals, and then 5 mg at 36 hours.","canineDosage":"Ethylene glycol poisoning:20 mg/kg IV, then 15 mg/kg IV 12 and 24 hours later, then final dose of 5 mg/kg 36 hours after initial dose; may give additional 5 mg/kg doses as necessary","catdose":125,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 125mg/kg IV followed by 31.3mg/kg at 12h 24h, and 36h. Continue doses q12h</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1000,"decimal":2,"dogdose":20,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 20mg/kg IV, then 15mg/kg at 12h and 24h intervals,then 5mgkg at 36h.</span>","dosemax":125,"dosemin":5,"doseper":20,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":20,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"125 mg/kg initially followed by 31.3 mg/kg at 12, 24, and 36 hours after the initial dose. Continue doses q12h until ethylene glycol is no longer detected. If analysis of ethylene glycol is not available, treat with 31 mg/kg q12h through 60 hours.","felineDosage":"Ethylene glycol poisoning:125 mg/kg slow IV, then 31.25 mg/kg IV at 12, 24, and 36 hours. Cats must be treated within 3 hours of ingestion.","fluids":"","formulations":"Note:The veterinary-approved product has recently been withdrawn by the manufacturer. The human formulation, or ethanol, can be used as an alternative. Fomepizole1-g/ml solution (Antizol), a human preparation. 1.5 g may be added to 30 ml saline solution for injection (50 mg/ml).","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Fomepizole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV slow, with dilution - (31.3mg/kg at 12h 24h, and 36h)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs20 mg/kg initially IV, then 15 mg/kg at 12- and 24-hour intervals, and then 5 mg at 36 hours. Cats125 mg/kg initially followed by 31.3 mg/kg at 12, 24, and 36 hours after the initial dose. Continue doses q12h until ethylene glycol is no longer detected. If analysis of ethylene glycol is not available, treat with 31 mg/kg q12h through 60 hours.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"title":"Fomepizole (Antizol, 4-MP)","value":163},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Selectively binds antithrombin, inactivating factor Xa. No effect on platelet function. No clinical trials to establish safety or efficacy in cats at this time, but bleeding is a potential complication of use.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Arixtra","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Use not described for dogs.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5 mg/0.5 ml","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/0.4 ml","perml":"ml","value":12.5,"id":2},{"name":"7.5 mg/0.6 ml","perml":"ml","value":12.5,"id":3},{"name":"10 mg/0.8 ml","perml":"ml","value":12.5,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.06,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.06,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Anticoagulant; thromboprophylaxis:0.06 mg/kg SQ q12h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Fondaparinux","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span> SQ q12h","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":"","title":"Fondaparinux (Arixtra)","value":164},{"administration":"Injection, tablets, syrup. Tablets can be split.Check pH of various products before administering SQ. Human-labeled products have a pH of 8-9.3 and are painful on SQ injection.","adverseEffects":"Electrolyte depletion; dehydration; may increase toxicity of other drugs (e.g., amphotericin B, aminoglycosides, ACE inhibitors, glucocorticoids)","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Lasix, Salix, Disal","bsa":"","calc":"Furosemide","calcID":"Furosemide2","canine_dose":"2-6 mg/kg q8-12h (or as needed) IV, IM, SQ, or PO. A common initial dose when treating heart failure patients is 2 mg/kg q12h PO; then lower to 1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. In acute cases in which intensive treatment is needed, administer 2 mg/kg IV followed by 2 mg/kg every 30 minutes until improvement is seen. CRI:0.66 mg/kg bolus dose IV followed by 0.66 mg/kg/h for 8 hours. Alternatively, a dose of 2 mg/kg in 5% glucose can be infused over an 8-hour period IV.","canineDosage":"Loop diuretic:Initial 2 mg/kg q 8-12h IV, IM, SQ, or PO. Can increase dose or frequency if needed in treatment of CHF up to 6 mg/kg. Alternatively, initial bolus followed by 0.1-1 mg/kg/h CRI. Titrate to lowest effective dose/frequency for chronic use.","catdose":"","category":"Diuretic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"12.5","perml":"tab","value":12.5,"id":3},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":5},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":6},{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5.5,"dosemin":2.2,"doseper":2.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2.2,"drugName":"Furosemide","feline_dose":"Start with 1 mg/kg; then increase as needed, within a range of 1-4 mg/kg q8-24h IV, IM, SQ, or PO.","felineDosage":"Loop diuretic:Initially 1 mg/kg IV, IM, SQ, or PO q 8-24h; may increase if needed up to 4 mg/kg. Titrate to lowest effective dose/frequency for chronic use.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"12.5, 20, 40, 50, and 80 mg tablets; 20, 40, and 80 mg tablets (human preparation); 10 mg/ml oral solution (syrup); and 50 mg/ ml injection. Tablets usually can be easily split. A 2-g bolus is available for large animals, but oral absorption is uncertain.","hide":"","index":23,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses1 mg/kg q8h or 250-500 mg/horse at 6- to 8-hour intervals IM or IV. CRI:0.12 mg/kg IV followed by 0.12 mg/kg/h IV. Prevention of EIPH:0.5 or 1 mg/kg IV, administered 4 hours prior to exercise or administered 24 hours preracing. Consult local racetrack jurisdiction for restrictions on administration. Cattle500 mg/animal once a day or 250 mg/animal twice a day IM or IV.","multiply":"","name":"Furosemide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,PO BID-TID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2-6 mg/kg q8-12h (or as needed) IV, IM, SQ, or PO. A common initial dose when treating heart failure patients is 2 mg/kg q12h PO; then lower to 1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. In acute cases in which intensive treatment is needed, administer 2 mg/kg IV followed by 2 mg/kg every 30 minutes until improvement is seen. CRI:0.66 mg/kg bolus dose IV followed by 0.66 mg/kg/h for 8 hours. Alternatively, a dose of 2 mg/kg in 5% glucose can be infused over an 8-hour period IV. CatsStart with 1 mg/kg; then increase as needed, within a range of 1-4 mg/kg q8-24h IV, IM, SQ, or PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Furosemide","value":165},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, and oral solution. Compounding pharmacies may prepare xylitol-free oral liquids.","adverseEffects":"Human liquid dosage forms may contain xylitol; do not use these in dogs. Sedation and ataxia are the most common adverse effects.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Neurontin","bsa":"","calc":"Gabapentin","calcID":"Gabapentin2","canine_dose":"Anticonvulsant dosage:10-20 mg/kg q8h PO. The higher dose may be needed in some dogs to control seizures. Neuropathic pain:Start with 5-15 mg/kg q12h PO and increase dosage gradually to as high as 40 mg/kg q8-12h PO if necessary. Treatment of behavior disorders:(often used concurrently with SSRI or TCA drugs) 5-30 mg/kg up to three times daily. Start at the low end and titrate up to achieve the desired event but avoid adverse effects. Dose changes should occur about 7 days apart. For short-term treatment to achieve anxiolysis, doses have been as high as 30-60 mg/kg 1-2 hours before an event that is anticipated to trigger anxiety in a dog.","canineDosage":"Adjunctive analgesia:10-20 mg/kg PO q 8-12hAdjunctive therapy for refractory epilepsy:10-30 mg/kg PO q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"Anticonvulsant Analgesic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"300mg/","perml":"cap","value":300,"id":2},{"name":"400mg/","perml":"cap","value":400,"id":3},{"name":"600mg/","perml":"cap","value":600,"id":4},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":5},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Gabapentin","feline_dose":"Anticonvulsant dosage:5-10 mg/kg q12h PO. The dosage has been increased to 20 mg/kg q8-12h in some cats to control seizures. Neuropathic pain:5-10 mg/kg q12h PO. Treatment of anxiety:100 mg per cat PO (20-30 mg/kg). Administer 90 minutes prior to a stressful event (such as a veterinary visit) with a peak effect at 2-3 hours.","felineDosage":"Adjunctive analgesia:5-10 mg/kg PO q 8-12hAdjunctive anticonvulsant:5-20 mg/kg PO q 6-12hReduce fear responses and anxiety associated with veterinary examinations:50-100 mg/CAT PO once before visit","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"100, 300, and 400 mg capsules; 100, 300, 400, 600, and 800 mg scored tablets; and 50 mg/ml oral solution. A gastroretentive tablet is available (Gralise) that releases for 10 hours in people and is used once daily but has not been evaluated in dogs or cats. Transdermal formulations have been examined in cats but are not absorbed sufficiently to produce efficacy.","hide":"","index":24,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesNeuropathic pain:2.5 mg/kg q12h PO, increased to higher doses if needed (see laminitis dose). Laminitis:2.5 mg/kg q8h, q12h, or q24h, increased to higher doses as needed. Doses of 10 mg/kg and higher administered q8-12h reached concentrations that are effective in other animals.","multiply":"","name":"Gabapentin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO BID,TID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnticonvulsant dosage:10-20 mg/kg q8h PO. The higher dose may be needed in some dogs to control seizures. Neuropathic pain:Start with 5-15 mg/kg q12h PO and increase dosage gradually to as high as 40 mg/kg q8-12h PO if necessary. Treatment of behavior disorders:(often used concurrently with SSRI or TCA drugs) 5-30 mg/kg up to three times daily. Start at the low end and titrate up to achieve the desired event but avoid adverse effects. Dose changes should occur about 7 days apart. For short-term treatment to achieve anxiolysis, doses have been as high as 30-60 mg/kg 1-2 hours before an event that is anticipated to trigger anxiety in a dog. CatsAnticonvulsant dosage:5-10 mg/kg q12h PO. The dosage has been increased to 20 mg/kg q8-12h in some cats to control seizures. Neuropathic pain:5-10 mg/kg q12h PO. Treatment of anxiety:100 mg per cat PO (20-30 mg/kg). Administer 90 minutes prior to a stressful event (such as a veterinary visit) with a peak effect at 2-3 hours.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Gabapentin (Neurontin)","value":166},{"administration":"Injection; cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are primarily GI toxicity and myelosuppression.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Gemzar","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:45 mg/m2-900 mg/m2, usually given IV over 30-60 minutes q 7-14 days (consult veterinary oncologist before use)","catdose":600,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"200 mg/5.26 ml","perml":"ml","value":38,"id":1},{"name":"1 g/26.3 ml","perml":"ml","value":38,"id":2},{"name":"2 g/52.6 ml","perml":"ml","value":38,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":700,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":800,"dosemin":600,"doseper":700,"dosestep":50,"dosevalue":700,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:25 mg/m2 diluted and given IV slowly twice weekly (consult veterinary oncologist before use)","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Gemcitabine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Gemcitabine (Gemzar)","value":167},{"administration":"Tablets; give 30 minutes before a meal.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated but abdominal pain, GI upset, and abnormal liver function tests have been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lopid","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hyperlipidemia:150-300 mg/DOG or 10 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":7.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":600,"decimal":2,"dogdose":10,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":7.5,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hyperlipidemia:7.5-10 mg/kg PO q12h (anecdotal)","fluids":"","formulations":"600 mg tablets in the United States and 300 mg capsules in Canada only.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Gemfibrozil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs and cats7.5 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Gemfibrozil (Lopid)","value":168},{"administration":"Injection, ophthalmic and otic preparations, and topical creams","adverseEffects":"Nephrotoxicity, ototoxicity, and neuromuscular blockade. Cats may be more sensitive to toxic effects, especially vestibular effects. Risk of nephrotoxicity increased in animals with dehydration, pre-existing renal disease, extremes of age, hypokalemia, and with treatment duration. Some ophthalmic preparations contain steroids and should not be used in fungal keratitis.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Gentocin, Garamycin","bsa":"","calc":"Gentamicin","calcID":"Gentamicin2","canine_dose":"9-14 mg/kg q24h SQ, IM, or IV.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:9-14 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q24hSighthounds:6 mg/kg IV q24h or 9 mg/kg SQ, IM q24hOtitis:apply q8hSusceptible ocular infections:apply q8hChemical enucleation:25 mg injected into vitreous","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":12,"dosemin":6,"doseper":6,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":6,"drugName":"Gentamicin","feline_dose":"5-8 mg/kg q24h SQ, IM, or IV.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-8 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q24hOtitis:Apply q8hSusceptible ocular infections:Apply q8hChemical enucleation:25 mg injected into vitreous","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"50 and 100 mg/ml solution for injection, a 50 mg/ml oral solution for pigs, and a 5 mg/ml injection for turkeys.","hide":"","index":78,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesAdult:4-6.6 mg/kg q24h IM or IV. Foals younger than 2 weeks:12-14 mg/kg q24h IM or IV. Pigs15 mg/kg for young pigs and 10 mg/kg for older pigs once daily SQ or IM. Colibacillosis, swine dysentery:1.1-2.2 mg/kg for 3 days in drinking water. CalvesYounger than 2 weeks:12-15 mg/kg q24h IV or IM. Adult cattle:5-6 mg/kg q24h IM or IV.","multiply":"","name":"Gentamicin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs9-14 mg/kg q24h SQ, IM, or IV. Cats5-8 mg/kg q24h SQ, IM, or IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Gentamicin (Gentocin, Garamycin)","value":169},{"administration":"Tablets; give with meals.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, hypoglycemia, and liver toxicity. May take 4-8 weeks to achieve full effect, and loss of efficacy is common. Contraindicated in ketoacidosis or with severe illness. Use with caution in cats with concurrent endocrinopathy.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Glucotrol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"No effective dose available.","canineDosage":"Do not use in dogs.","catdose":"2.5","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"2.5 mg/","perml":"ER tab","value":2.5,"id":4},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"ER tab","value":5,"id":5},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ER tab","value":10,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":2.5,"dosestep":1.25,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5-7.5 mg/cat q12h PO. Usual dose is 2.5 mg/cat initially; then increase to 5 mg/cat q12h.","felineDosage":"Diabetes mellitus:2.5-5 mg/CAT PO q12h with food","fluids":"","formulations":"5 and 10 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Glipizide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/cat","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsNo effective dose available. Cats2.5-7.5 mg/cat q12h PO. Usual dose is 2.5 mg/cat initially; then increase to 5 mg/cat q12h.","species_restriction":"cat_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Glipizide (Glucotrol)","value":170,"dogWarning":"DO NOT USE IN DOGS - ineffective for canine diabetes"},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, and powders; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Effects may take 4-6 weeks. Dietary supplements are not regulated by the FDA and are of varying quality. Do not switch brands. Ingredients are from natural sources (e.g., blue crab, exoskeletons, cartilage), and hypersensitivity is possible. Some products contain high levels of potassium. GI upset is mild and self-limiting.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cosequin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Adjunctive therapy of osteoarthritis:15-30 mg/kg (of the chondroitin component) PO q24h then taper to lowest effective dose","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"500 mg/400 mg","perml":"tab","value":900,"id":1},{"name":"750 mg/600 mg","perml":"tab","value":1350,"id":2},{"name":"1500 mg/1200 mg","perml":"tab","value":2700,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":25,"dosemin":20,"doseper":20,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":20,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Adjunctive therapy of osteoarthritis and lower urinary disease:15-30 mg/kg (of the chondroitin component) PO q24h then taper to lowest effective dose","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Glucosamine-chondroitin sulfate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Glucosamine-chondroitin sulfate (Cosequin)","value":171},{"administration":"Injection, tablets","adverseEffects":"Rarely used in small animals; may be useful as an adjunct in treating muscarinic signs of organophosphate or carbamate toxicity. Adverse effects include tachycardia, arrhythmias, intestinal ileus, mydriasis, and photophobia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Robinul","bsa":"","calc":"Glycopyrrolate","calcID":"Glycopyrrolate2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Treatment of muscarinic signs of organophosphate poisoning:0.01-0.02 mg/kg SQ, IM, IV prn q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"Other Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":0.2,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":0.011,"dosemax":0.033,"dosemin":0.011,"doseper":0.011,"dosestep":0.011,"dosevalue":0.011,"drugName":"Glycopyrrolate","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Treatment of muscarinic signs of organophosphate poisoning:0.01-0.02 mg/kg SQ, IM, IV prn q 8-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"0.2 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":91,"indication":"Bradyarrhythmias","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle andHorsesUse during anesthesia:0.005-0.01 mg/kg IM or SQ or 0.0025-0.005 mg/kg IV. A common dose is 1 mg per horse.","name":"Glycopyrrolate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs and cats0.005-0.01 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Glycopyrrolate (Robinul)","value":172},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Occasional pain at injection site. May disrupt hemostasis in dogs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Adequan, Chondroprotec","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Degenerative joint disease:4.4 mg/kg IM twice weekly for up to 4 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"250 mg/","perml":"ml","value":250,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":4.4,"doseper":4.4,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4.4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Chondroprotective:2 mg/kg IM q 3-5 days for 4-6 treatments","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Glycosaminoglycan-polysulfated","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM 2x/wk up to 4 wks","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Glycosaminoglycan-polysulfated (Adequan, Chondroprotec)","value":173},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Response may be clinical (overt physical signs) or endocrine (2- to 4-fold increase in serum testosterone levels).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"GnRH, gonadorelin, Cystorelin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Male infertility or test for cryptorchidism:2.2-3.3 mcg/kg IM","catdose":"0.025","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"3.6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":3.6,"id":1},{"name":"3.75 mg/","perml":"ml","value":3.75,"id":2},{"name":"7.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":7.5,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"0.025","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.025,"doseper":0.025,"dosestep":0.005,"dosevalue":0.025,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Male infertility or test for cryptorchidism:25 mcg/CAT IM","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"false","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH, gonadorelin, Cystorelin)","value":175},{"administration":"Tablets, injection, and transdermal patch","adverseEffects":"Use in veterinary medicine is uncommon due to availability of other antiemetics such as maropitant.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Kytril","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antiemetic:0.1-0.5 mg/kg PO or IV q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.5,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.3,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antiemetic:0.1-0.5 mg/kg PO or IV q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"1 mg tablets, 1 mg/ml injection, and 0.5 mg/ml oral solution.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Granisetron","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"0.01 mg/kg IV or 0.02 mg/kg PO. (Oral doses have been extrapolated from people:2 mg/person PO as single dose.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Granisetron (Kytril)","value":176},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but GI adverse effects are possible from this prostaglandin receptor antagonist. Avoid combination with glucocorticoids or COX-inhibiting NSAIDs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Galliprant","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Osteoarthritis, pain, and inflammation:2 mg/kg once daily. There is no limit to the duration of treatment.","canineDosage":"Analgesia/Anti-inflammatory:2 mg/kg PO q24h (dose intablet increments according to label directions)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Safe and effective doses have not been established for cats.","felineDosage":"Grapiprant is not labeled for cats; however, 3-15 mg/kg PO q24h for 28 days appeared safe","fluids":"","formulations":"tablets are available in 20, 60, and 100 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesSafe and effective doses have not been established for horses. The canine dose (2 mg/kg) did not achieve effective concentrations in horses.Other Large AnimalsThere are no reports of use in food animals.","multiply":"","name":"Grapiprant","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SID >3.6 kg","small_animal_dosage":"DogsOsteoarthritis, pain, and inflammation:2 mg/kg once daily. There is no limit to the duration of treatment. CatsSafe and effective doses have not been established for cats.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Grapiprant (Galliprant)","value":177},{"administration":"Microsize and ultramicrosize oral suspension; give with a fatty meal.","adverseEffects":"Azole antifungals and terbinafine have replaced griseofulvin for use in treating dermatophytosis. Ultramicrosize is 1.5 times more potent than microsize. Contraindicated in pregnancy, known hypersensitivity, or hepatocellular failure. Known teratogen in cats. Adverse effects include anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, anemia, neutropenia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, depression, ataxia, hepatotoxicity, or dermatitis/photosensitivity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Fulvicin, Gris-Peg","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Microsize:25 mg/kg q12h PO up to a maximum dosage of 50-60 mg/kg q12h. Start with 25 mg/kg q12h PO and then increase to 50-60 mg/kg q12h PO for refractory cases. Ultramicrosize:30 mg/kg/day in divided treatments PO.","canineDosage":"Dermatophytosis (rarely used):microsize forms—50 mg/kg PO q24h or divided and given q12h; ultramicrosize forms—5-10 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"125 mg/","perml":"tab","value":125,"id":1},{"name":"250 mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":2},{"name":"500 mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":3},{"name":"125 mg/5mL","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":100,"dosemin":25,"doseper":50,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":50,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Microsize formulation:25 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"Not Recommended in Cats","fluids":"","formulations":"125, 250, and 500 mg microsize tablets; 25 mg/ml oral suspension; 125 mg/ml oral syrup; and 125, and 250 mg, ultramicrosized tablets. It is also available as microsized griseofulvin powder in 15-g pouches that contain 2.5 g of the active ingredient.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesDermatophytosis:5.6 mg/kg q24h of the oral microsize powder, which may be mixed with feed. Treatment should be continued for a minimum of 10 days.","multiply":"","name":"Griseofulvin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsMicrosize:25 mg/kg q12h PO up to a maximum dosage of 50-60 mg/kg q12h. Start with 25 mg/kg q12h PO and then increase to 50-60 mg/kg q12h PO for refractory cases. Ultramicrosize:30 mg/kg/day in divided treatments PO.CatsMicrosize formulation:25 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Griseofulvin (Fulvicin, Gris-Peg)","value":178,"catWarning":"Contraindicated in pregnant cats - causes fetal abnormalities. May cause bone marrow suppression in cats with FIV."},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"May cause DM; blood and urine glucose should be monitored. Hypersensitivity reactions are possible, but less so if using porcine origin product. Long-term use of high doses may cause acromegaly.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"somatotropin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hypopituitary dwarfism:0.1 units/kg (0.05 mg/kg) SQ 3 times per week for 4-6 weeksAlopecia X:0.15 units/kg of porcine growth hormone SQ 2 times weekly for 6 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.2,"id":1},{"name":"0.4 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.4,"id":2},{"name":"0.6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.6,"id":3},{"name":"0.8 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.8,"id":4},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":5},{"name":"1.2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.2,"id":6},{"name":"1.4 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.4,"id":7},{"name":"1.6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.6,"id":8},{"name":"1.8 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.8,"id":9},{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":10}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.15,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use is not described for cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"hormone5 and 10 mg/vial (1 mg is equal to 3 units).","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Growth hormone, human","outputtext":"","perkg":"IU/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs and cats0.1 units/kg three times a week for 4-6 weeks SQ or IM. (Usual human pediatric dosage is 0.18-0.3 mg/kg/week SQ or IM.)","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Growth hormone, human (somatotropin)","value":179},{"administration":"Tablets, injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include hypotension, reflex tachycardia, sodium/water retention (if not given concurrently with a diuretic), or GI upset (common). Use with caution in dogs receiving ACE inhibitors, with severe renal disease, intracerebral bleeding, or pre-existing autoimmune diseases. Contraindicated with hypovolemia or pre-existing hypotension.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Apresoline","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"IV dose:0.5-3 mg/kg IV bolus q12h or after initial bolus; follow with CRI of 1.5-5 mcg/kg/min IV. Oral dose:0.5 mg/kg (initial dose); titrate to 0.5-2 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"CHF due to valvular disease:0.5-3 mg/kg PO q12h, titrating from lowest dose prn","catdose":2.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":1,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":3,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5 mg/cat q12-24h PO.","felineDosage":"Vasodilation in CHF:2.5 mg/CAT PO q12h, titrated prn to a maximum of 10 mg/CAT q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"10, 25, 50, and 100 mg tablets and 20 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses1 mg/kg q12h PO or 0.5 mg/kg IV as needed to reduce blood pressure.","multiply":"","name":"Hydralazine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsIV dose:0.5-3 mg/kg IV bolus q12h or after initial bolus; follow with CRI of 1.5-5 mcg/kg/min IV. Oral dose:0.5 mg/kg (initial dose); titrate to 0.5-2 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats2.5 mg/cat q12-24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Hydralazine (Apresoline)","value":182},{"administration":"Tablets and capsules, and in combination with spironolactone.","adverseEffects":"GI upset, hypokalemia, hypochloremic alkalosis, and other electrolyte imbalances can occur. Ensure that tablets do not contain spironolactone when treating cats. Contraindicated in pregnancy. Avoid with severe renal disease, pre-existing electrolyte and water balance abnormalities, impaired hepatic function, hyperuricemia, systemic lupus, or diabetes mellitus. Multiple drug interactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"HydroDIURIL, Microzide, HCTZ","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Systemic hypertension:1 mg/kg PO q 12-24h (may combine with spironolactone 1-2 mg/kg PO q12h to reduce potassium loss)Malignancy-associated hypoglycemia:2-4 mg/kg PO q24h in conjunction with diazoxide 5-20 mg/kg q12hPrevention of calcium oxalate uroliths:2-3 mg/kg PO q12hDiabetes insipidus:2 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"12.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":12.5,"id":1},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"CHF refractory to furosemide alone:1-2 mg/kg PO q12hPrevention of oxalate uroliths:1 mg/kg PO q12hDiabetes insipidus:12.5-25 mg/CAT PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"10 and 100 mg/ml oral solution and 25, 50, and 100 mg tablets. The combination of hydrochlorothiazide and spironolactone is Aldactazide. The cattle formulation is 25 mg/ml for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle 5-10 ml (125-250 mg) IV or IM once or twice a day. After onset of diuresis, treatment may be continued with an orally administered maintenance dose. For oral treatment, use chlorothiazide boluses.","multiply":"","name":"Hydrochlorothiazide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"2-4 mg/kg q12h PO. Antihypertensive dose:1 mg/kg q12h PO. CatsTo decrease excretion of calcium in urine:1 mg/kg q12h PO. To alkalinize urine:2 mg/kg, q12h PO. Congestive heart failure:1-2 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL, Microzide, HCTZ)","value":183},{"administration":"Tablets and oral solutions; often combined with acetaminophen. CSS-II.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include sedation, constipation (with chronic therapy), vomiting, or other GI disturbances. Contraindicated in patients receiving MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz and l-deprenyl), and in patients with diarrhea caused by a toxic ingestion. Any combination product containing acetaminophen must NOT be used in cats. Use with caution in hypothyroidism, severe renal insufficiency, hypoadrenocorticism, increased intracranial pressure, acute abdominal conditions, and geriatric or severely debilitated patients.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Tussigon, Hycodan","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Antitussive dose:0.5 mg/kg q8 h PO. Increase the dose if needed for tracheal collapse in dogs but not above the dose of 1.5 mg/kg. Analgesic dose:0.5 mg/kg q8-12 h PO. (Analgesic properties have not been established in dogs.)","canineDosage":"Antitussive:0.2-0.5 mg/kg PO q 6-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":2},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":4},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":5},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":6},{"name":"60 mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":7},{"name":"80 mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":8},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":9},{"name":"120 mg/","perml":"tab","value":120,"id":10}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.22,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"No dose has been established. Oral doses may be effective in cats, but caution should be used because many formulations contain acetaminophen.","felineDosage":"Rarely used in cats. Many products also contain acetaminophen.","fluids":"","formulations":"There are many oral formulations for humans to treat pain that contain hydrocodone and other analgesics such as acetaminophen (e.g., Vicodin). Typically, these preparations contain 5 mg of hydrocodone and 500 mg of acetaminophen. Hydrocodone is also available as an antitussive (Hycodan) in 5 mg tablets and 1 mg/ml syrup combined with homatropine in a concentration of 1.5 mg in tablets and 0.3 mg/ml in syrup, respectively. Formulations in Canada do not contain homatropine. The extended-release formulations for people contain 10, 15, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 80, 100, and 120 mg tablets) approved for use in people for treating pain. These extended-release formulations provide extended duration for once- or twice-daily administration but have not been evaluated for animals.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Hydrocodone bitartrate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAntitussive dose:0.5 mg/kg q8 h PO. Increase the dose if needed for tracheal collapse in dogs but not above the dose of 1.5 mg/kg. Analgesic dose:0.5 mg/kg q8-12 h PO. (Analgesic properties have not been established in dogs.) CatsNo dose has been established. Oral doses may be effective in cats, but caution should be used because many formulations contain acetaminophen.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Hydrocodone bitartrate (Tussigon, Hycodan)","value":184},{"administration":"Tablets, injection, and topical creams (some OTC). Often compounded.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are those associated with glucocorticoid use (e.g., PU/PD). Oral forms may cause GI upset and gastric ulceration.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cortef, Solu-Cortef","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Glucocorticoid.Hypoadrenocorticism:0.4-0.8 mg/kg PO q 12-24hPost-CPR recovery:1 mg/kg IV followed by either 1 mg/kg q6h IV or 0.15 mg/kg/h IV CRI, then tapered as the patient's condition allows","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4},{"name":"250 mg/","perml":"ml","value":250,"id":5},{"name":"500 mg/","perml":"ml","value":500,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.4,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Glucocorticoid.Hypoadrenocorticism:0.4-0.8 mg/kg PO q 12-24hPost-CPR recovery:1 mg/kg IV followed by either 1 mg/kg q6h IV or 0.15 mg/kg/h IV CRI, then tapered as the patient's condition allows","fluids":"","formulations":"5, 10, and 20 mg tablets, and hydrocortisone sodium succinatevarious size vials for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesHydrocortisone sodium succinate:5 mg/kg q12h IV.FoalsReplacement therapy for critical illness:1-3 mg/kg/day IV.","multiply":"","name":"Hydrocortisone acetate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"Topical, Otic","small_animal_dosage":"Hydrocortisone Replacement therapy:1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. Anti-inflammatory:2.5-5 mg/kg q12h PO.Hydrocortisone Sodium SuccinateHypoadrenocorticism (adrenal crisis):0.625 mg/kg/h, IV CRI. Shock:(not a recommended use) 50-150 mg/kg IV for two doses 8 hours apart. Anti-inflammatory:5 mg/kg q12h IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Hydrocortisone Acetate (Cortef, Solu-Cortef)","value":185},{"administration":"Injection. CSS-II.","adverseEffects":"Dogs:Nausea, vomiting, defecation, panting, vocalization, and sedation are common; CNS and respiratory depression, bradycardia, decreased GI motility possible.Cats:Nausea, ataxia, hyperesthesia, hyperthermia (monitor temperature), and behavioral changes.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Dilaudid","bsa":"","calc":"Hydromorphone","calcID":"Hydromorphone2","canine_dose":"0.22 mg/kg IM or SQ. Repeat q4-6h or as needed for pain treatment. 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, repeated q2h or as necessary. A dose of 0.1 mg/kg may be used with acepromazine as a preoperative sedative. CRI:0.01 mg/kg/h IV.","canineDosage":"Analgesia:0.05-0.2 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q 2-4h or given as a CRI with an initial dose of 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV and then as CRI at 0.01-0.05 mg/kg/h IV","catdose":"","category":"Narcotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"4 mg/","perml":"tab","value":4,"id":2},{"name":"8 mg/","perml":"tab","value":8,"id":3},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugName":"Hydromorphone","feline_dose":"0.1-0.2 mg/kg SQ or IM or 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV q2-6h (as needed). Epidural dose:0.05 mg/kg, diluted in saline to 0.2 ml/kg (1 ml per cat). Dose to produce emesis (for poisoning):0.1 mg/kg SQ once.","felineDosage":"Analgesic:0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q 2-6h or given as a CRI at 0.01-0.05 mg/kg/h IV","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1 mg/ml oral solution; 2, 4, and 8 mg tablets; and 1, 2, 4, and 10 mg/ml injection. Exalgo is an extended-release formulation for people in 8, 12, and 16 mg tablets that allows for once-daily treatment. This formulation has not been evaluated in animals.","hide":"","index":100,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesEpidural:0.04 mg/kg diluted in 0.9% saline to 20 ml. No systemic doses have been reported.","name":"Hydromorphone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.22 mg/kg IM or SQ. Repeat q4-6h or as needed for pain treatment. 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, repeated q2h or as necessary. A dose of 0.1 mg/kg may be used with acepromazine as a preoperative sedative. CRI:0.01 mg/kg/h IV. Cats0.1-0.2 mg/kg SQ or IM or 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV q2-6h (as needed). Epidural dose:0.05 mg/kg, diluted in saline to 0.2 ml/kg (1 ml per cat). Dose to produce emesis (for poisoning):0.1 mg/kg SQ once.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Hydromorphone (Dilaudid)","value":187},{"administration":"Capsules","adverseEffects":"Use with caution in anemia, bone marrow suppression, history of urate stones, infection, impaired renal function, or in patients receiving other chemotherapy or radiotherapy. Adverse effects include GI upset, stomatitis, sloughing of nails, alopecia, and dysuria; most serious are bone marrow suppression and pulmonary fibrosis.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Hydrea, Droxia, Mylocel","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"50 mg/kg PO once daily 3 days/wk.","canineDosage":"Polycythemia:initially 30-60 mg/kg PO q24h (or divided twice daily) for 1-2 weeks until PCV is normalized, then tapered to lowest effective dose q other dayMalignancies:variable (consult veterinary oncologist)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":500,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":80,"dosemin":30,"doseper":50,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":50,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"25 mg/kg PO once daily 3 days/wk.","felineDosage":"Polycythemia:10-15 mg/kg PO q12h for 1-2 weeks until PCV normalized, then tapered to lowest effective dose q other day","fluids":"","formulations":"200, 300, 400, and 500 mg capsules.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Hydroxyurea","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs50 mg/kg PO once daily 3 days/wk. Cats25 mg/kg PO once daily 3 days/wk.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Hydroxyurea (Hydrea, Droxia, Mylocel)","value":188},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules","adverseEffects":"The most common adverse effect is sedation. Pamoate salts are more lipophilic and are more likely to cross the blood-brain barrier, causing CNS effects. Use with caution in patients with prostatic hypertrophy, bladder neck obstruction, severe cardiac failure, angle-closure glaucoma, or pyeloduodenal obstruction. Largely replaced by alternative treatments.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Atarax, Vistaril","bsa":"","calc":"Hydroxyzine","calcID":"Hydroxyzine2","canine_dose":"2 mg/kg q8-12h IM or PO.","canineDosage":"Antihistamine:2 mg/kg PO q12hAntipruritic:0.5 to 2 mg/kg PO q 6-12h","catdose":"","category":"Antihistamine","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":4},{"name":"10mg/5","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":5},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":6},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"drugName":"Hydroxyzine","feline_dose":"Effective doses have not been established (see Cetirizine for dosing information for cats).","felineDosage":"Antihistamine:5-10 mg/CAT PO q12h or 2 mg/kg PO q12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"hydrochloride10, 25, and 50 mg tablets; 2 mg/ml oral syrup; and 25 mg/ml injection. It is also available in a pamoate form (Vistaril) in 25 and 50 mg capsules.","hide":"","index":26,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesHydroxyzine pamoate 500 mg per horse PO twice daily (efficacy not established).","multiply":"","name":"Hydroxyzine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2 mg/kg q8-12h IM or PO. CatsEffective doses have not been established (see Cetirizine for dosing information for cats).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Hydroxyzine (Atarax, Vistaril)","value":189},{"administration":"Injection; must be diluted to ≤20 mg/ml for use. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements. Mesna is purchased separately as an injection.","adverseEffects":"Must be given with saline diuresis and bladder-protective agent (i.e., mesna). Adverse effects include myelosuppression, renal and bladder toxicity, neurotoxicity, and GI upset. Nadirs in dogs and cats are typically seen in 5-7 days but may be delayed for as much as 14-21 days.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Ifex","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:For dogs <10 kg give 350 mg/m2 and for dogs >10 kg give 375 mg/m2 as infusion during aggressive saline diuresis. Begin diuresis at least 30 minutes before drug administration, and continue at least 5 hours after drug administration. Mesna at a dose of 20% of the ifosfamide dose is given as an IV bolus at the start of the IV infusion and again 2 and 5 hours after the ifosfamide infusion. Can repeat q 3 weeks.","catdose":900,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 g/","perml":"vial","value":1000,"id":1},{"name":"3 g/","perml":"vial","value":3000,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":350,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":900,"dosemin":350,"doseper":350,"dosestep":50,"dosevalue":350,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:900 mg/m2 as infusion during aggressive saline diuresis. Begin diuresis at least 30 minutes before drug administration, and continue at least 5 hours after drug administration. Mesna urothelial protectant dosed at 20% of the patient's calculated mg dose of ifosfamide and administered at time zero (immediately before ifosfamide administration), and then repeated 2 and 5 hours after ifosfamide. Can repeat q 3 weeks.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Ifosfamide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ifosfamide (Ifex)","value":190},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Never administer IV. Cholinergic signs are common and can be mitigated with atropine or glycopyrrolate pre-treatment. Do not use imidocarb in patients exposed to cholinesterase-inhibiting drugs, pesticides, or chemicals. Use extreme caution in dogs with impaired lung, hepatic, or renal function. Less commonly reported effects include panting, diarrhea, restlessness, and injection site inflammation (more common after the second dose, and rarely may ulcerate). Hypoglycemia has been reported. Rarely, severe renal tubular or hepatic necrosis, and severe cholinergic signs have occurred.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Imizol","bsa":"","calc":"Imidocarb","calcID":"Imidocarb2","canine_dose":"Ehrlichia canis:6.6 mg/kg IM (0.25 ml per 10 lb), two doses administered 14 days apart.","canineDosage":"Babesia:6.6 mg/kg IM or SQ; repeat dose in 2 weeks. Pretreat with atropine at 0.05 mg/kg SQ to mitigate the muscarinic effects.","catdose":5,"category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i>IM, repeat in 14 days</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"120mg/","perml":"ml","value":120,"id":1},{"name":"85mg/","perml":"ml","value":85,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":6.6,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> IM or SC; repeat in 14 days</span>","dosemax":7.5,"dosemin":5,"doseper":6.6,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":6.6,"drugName":"Imidocarb","feline_dose":"5 mg/kg IM two doses administered 14 days apart. DogsEhrlichia canis:6.6 mg/kg IM (0.25 ml per 10 lb), two doses administered 14 days apart.","felineDosage":"Cytauxzoon:5 mg/kg IM once and repeated in 14 days. Pretreat with atropine at 0.05 mg/kg SQ to mitigate the muscarinic effects. Less optimal than atovaquone and azithromycin.","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"compounded formulations are available from some pharmacies. Imidocarb dipropionate 12% solution (120 mg/ml).","hide":"","index":187,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses4.4 mg/kg once or 2.2 mg/kg IM for with doses with 24- to 48-hour intervals between doses. Inject in different locations. To eradicate B. caballi, inject 4 mg/kg IM for four treatments q72h. Consider pretreating with anticholinergic drug (see Adverse Effects).","multiply":"","name":"Imidocarb","outputtext":"Imidocarbtext","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM,SC repeat in 14 days","small_animal_dosage":"Cats5 mg/kg IM two doses administered 14 days apart. DogsEhrlichia canis:6.6 mg/kg IM (0.25 ml per 10 lb), two doses administered 14 days apart.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"title":"Imidocarb (Imizol)","value":191},{"administration":"Powder for injection; reconstituted imipenem solution should be further diluted in a compatible IV solution and infused over 20-60 minutes.","adverseEffects":"Use with caution in renal impairment (dosage adjustment may be required) and in CNS disorders (e.g., seizures, head trauma). Adverse effects include GI upset, CNS toxicity (seizures, tremors), hypersensitivity, and infusion reactions (thrombophlebitis). Too rapid IV infusions may cause GI or CNS toxicity, or other untoward effects. Rarely, increases in serum creatinine, BUN, hepatic enzymes, hypotension, and tachycardia have been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Primaxin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-10 mg/kg IV q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250 mg/","perml":"ml","value":500,"id":1},{"name":"500 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1000,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":3,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:5-10 mg/kg IV q 6-8h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Imipenem-cilastatin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV, IM","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Imipenem-cilastatin (Primaxin)","value":192},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules","adverseEffects":"Anticholinergic side effects are common. Do not use with MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz). May lower seizure threshold. Use with caution in patients with thyroid disorders, urinary retention, hepatic disorders, KCS, glaucoma, cardiac rhythm disorders, DM, or adrenal tumors due to anticholinergic adverse effects.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Tofranil","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2-4 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","canineDosage":"Narcolepsy/cataplexy:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q 8-12hBehavioral disorders:2.2-4.4 mg/kg PO q24hUrethral incompetence:5-15 mg/DOG PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":1,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.5-1 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","felineDosage":"Behavioral modification:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q 12-24hUrethral incompetence:2.5-5 mg/CAT PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"10, 25, and 50 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Imipramine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2-4 mg/kg q12-24h PO. Cats0.5-1 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Imipramine (Tofranil)","value":193},{"administration":"Injection; infused over a 6- to 12-hour period. Very expensive.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are often associated with too rapid IV administration (administer over 6-12 hours). Can cause anaphylaxis, perhaps associated with trace amounts of human albumin. Can cause increased blood pressure or local reactions at or near the injection site. Volume overload is possible. IVIG may promote hypercoagulability and an inflammatory state.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"IGIV, IVIG, hIVIG","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Immune-mediated blood disorder:0.5-1.5 g/kg IV over 6-12 hours","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 ml/","perml":"vial","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"10 ml/","perml":"vial","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"5% solution/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"10% solution/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1.5,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Dosing in cats is not described.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Immunoglobulin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV, infusion over 6-12 hours, Not described in Cats","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Immunoglobulin (IGIV, IVIG, hIVIG)","value":194},{"administration":"Injection; use U40 insulin syringes for injection. Vial should be rolled to mix and not shaken.","adverseEffects":"Hypoglycemia is most important adverse effect. Other adverse effects include insulin-induced hyperglycemia (Somogyi effect), insulin antagonism/resistance, rapid insulin metabolism, and local hypersensitivity reactions.","appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Prozinc","bsa":"","calc":"prozinc","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"DM:0.25-0.5 units/kg SQ q12h, adjusted prn. Not generally recommended for dogs.","catdose":0.2,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":40,"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.25,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":"","dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"DM:1 unit/CAT SQ q12h, adjusted prn. A preferred insulin for cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Insulin PZI","outputtext":"","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U","route":"SQ SID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Insulin Protamine Zinc (PZI)","value":200},{"administration":"Injection; may be further diluted in saline for SQ or oral use.","adverseEffects":"Oral dosing seems to be very well tolerated. Injectable high doses in cats may cause malaise, fever, allergic reactions, myelotoxicity, myalgia, and injection site reactions. Use with caution in pre-existing autoimmune disease, severe cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, uncontrolled DM, herpes infections, hypersensitivity to the drug, or CNS disorders.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"huIFN-alfa Intron-A","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Cutaneous or oral papillomas:1.5-2 million units/m2 SQ 3 times weekly","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"6 million IU/","perml":"ml","value":6,"id":1},{"name":"10 million IU/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"22.5 million IU/1.5 ml","perml":"ml","value":15,"id":3},{"name":"37.5 million IU/1.5 ml","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":4},{"name":"75 million IU/1.5 ml","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":5}],"decimal":0,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antiviral cytokine:10 units/kg PO q24h, or 30-50 units/CAT, or 10,000 units/kg SQ q24h; may be continued 1 week on treatment, one week off treatment.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Interferon-alfa","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ,PO *Value is in Million IU","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Interferon-alfa (huIFN-alfa Intron-A)","value":201},{"administration":"Injection. No approved product in the United States, but available in European Union, Asia. Expensive.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but GI upset and post-treatment hyperthermia have been reported. Intravenous administration to cats may cause increased incidence and severity of adverse effects. Do not vaccinate animals currently undergoing treatment. Dogs may develop antibodies to this recombinant feline product. Expensive.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Virbagen Omega, Recombinant Omega Interferon of Feline Origin, rFeIFN-ω, Virbagen","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antiviral cytokine (parvovirus):2.5 million units/kg IV q24h for 3 days","catdose":1000000,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 million IU/","perml":"vial","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 million IU/","perml":"vial","value":10,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":1000000,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1000000,"dosemin":1000000,"doseper":1000000,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1000000,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1","felineDosage":"Antiviral cytokine (retrovirus):1 million units/kg SQ q24h for 5 days, repeated again 2 weeks and 2 months later","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Interferon-omega","outputtext":"","perkg":"IU/cat","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Interferon-omega (Virbagen Omega, Recombinant Omega Interferon of Feline Origin, rFeIFN-ω, Virbagen)","value":202},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Causes pain on IM injection. Chronic overdosage can cause cirrhosis. Do not use in patients with acute pyelonephritis, and should not be used in conjunction with oral iron supplements.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"DexFerrum, INFeD","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Iron supplementation:10-20 mg/kg (maximum 300 mg/DOG) IM once monthly or converted to oral ferrous sulfate","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Iron supplementation:10 mg/kg IM once monthly or converted to oral ferrous sulfate","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Iron-dextran injection","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM 1x/month, (maximum 300 mg/DOG)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Iron-dextran injection","value":204},{"administration":"Injection. Dilute 1 mg into 500 ml of D5W to make a 2 mcg/ml solution.","adverseEffects":"Can cause tachycardia, anxiety, tremors, and GI upset. More arrhythmogenic than alternative drugs and therefore rarely used in veterinary medicine. Contraindicated in tachycardia or AV block caused by cardiac glycoside intoxication.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Isoprenaline, Isuprel","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Sinus bradycardia, complete AV block:0.02-0.5 mcg/kg/min IV, or 0.04-0.08 mcg/kg/min IV CRI","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":200,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.08,"dosemin":0.04,"doseper":0.04,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.04,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Sinus bradycardia, complete AV block:0.02-0.5 mcg/kg/min IV, or 0.04-0.08 mcg/kg/min IV CRI","fluids":"","formulations":"0.2 mg/ml ampules for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"1 mcg/kg every 15 minutes IV until desired response.","multiply":"","name":"Isoproterenol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg/min","perml":"mcg/ml","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"10 mcg/kg q6h IM or SQ. Dilute 1 mg in 500 ml of 5% dextrose or lactated Ringer’s solution and infuse IV 0.5-1 ml/min (1-2 mcg/min) or to effect. CRI:Administer to effect at 0.01-0.1 mcg/kg/min.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Isoproterenol (Isoprenaline, Isuprel)","value":205},{"administration":"Capsules; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Do not use in homes with a pregnant woman. Use with extreme caution in hypertriglyceridemia, severe renal or hepatic disease. Hairless skin may sunburn more easily. Adverse effects include KCS in dogs, GI distress, behavioral changes from CNS effects, and pruritus. Cats have more severe reactions, including blepharospasm, periocular crusting, erythema, diarrhea, and weight loss due to anorexia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Accutane","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"1-3 mg/kg/day (up to a maximum recommended dosage of 3-4 mg/kg/day PO).","canineDosage":"Sebaceous skin disorders:1 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"cap","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":3},{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"cap","value":30,"id":4},{"name":"35 mg/","perml":"cap","value":35,"id":5},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"cap","value":40,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Feline acne:5-10 mg/CAT PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"10, 20, and 40 mg capsules. Capsules may not be available for veterinary use.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Isotretinoin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q 12-24h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs1-3 mg/kg/day (up to a maximum recommended dosage of 3-4 mg/kg/day PO).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Isotretinoin (Accutane)","value":207},{"administration":"Capsules and oral solutions; give with fatty meal. Compounded forms prepared from the bulk powder are not bioavailable in dogs and cats and do not achieve appropriate therapeutic blood levels.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include anorexia, GI upset, hepatotoxicity. Oral solutions contain 15% propylene glycol and may cause Heinz body formation in cats. In dogs, erythema multiforme or toxic epidermal necrolysis occurs rarely, and ulcerative skin lesions, vasculitis, and limb edema may occur at higher dosages. Use with caution in hepatic impairment and in animals with reduced cardiac function.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Itrafungol, Sporanox","bsa":"","calc":"Itraconazole","calcID":"Itraconazole2","canine_dose":"Regardless of formulation (oral capsule or oral solution), administer a loading dose of 20 mg/kg followed by 10 mg/kg once q24h. Alternatively, the dosage canbe split into 5 mg/kg q12h PO. Highly susceptible fungi such as some strains of Blastomyces spp. can be treated with lower doses of 5 mg/kg once daily. Dermatophytes:3 mg/kg/day PO for 15 days. Cryptococcosis:5 mg/kg q12h PO. Malassezia dermatitis:5 mg/kg q24h PO for 2 days, repeated each week for 3 weeks.","canineDosage":"Susceptible systemic mycoses:5-10 mg/kg PO q24h, or 5 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Antifungal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":15,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Itraconazole","feline_dose":"General infections:5 mg/kg PO once daily. Alternatively, 50 mg (total dose) once per day or 100 mg per cat once every other day. Dermatophytes:5 mg/kg PO once daily on alternating weeks for 3 cycles. For example, treat once daily during weeks 1, 3, and 5, but not on weeks 2 and 4. Some cats may need an additional course of therapy to eliminate the infection.","felineDosage":"Susceptible systemic mycoses:50-100 mg/CAT or 5-10 mg/kg PO q24h, or 5 mg/kg PO q12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":153,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses5 mg/kg/day (2.5 mg/kg q12h) PO. In horses, the capsules are absorbed poorly and inconsistently. Use the oral solution (Sporanox) for optimum oral absorption.","multiply":"","name":"Itraconazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO,SID,Divided BID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsRegardless of formulation (oral capsule or oral solution), administer a loading dose of 20 mg/kg followed by 10 mg/kg once q24h. Alternatively, the dosage canbe split into 5 mg/kg q12h PO. Highly susceptible fungi such as some strains of Blastomyces spp. can be treated with lower doses of 5 mg/kg once daily. Dermatophytes:3 mg/kg/day PO for 15 days. Cryptococcosis:5 mg/kg q12h PO. Malassezia dermatitis:5 mg/kg q24h PO for 2 days, repeated each week for 3 weeks. CatsGeneral infections:5 mg/kg PO once daily. Alternatively, 50 mg (total dose) once per day or 100 mg per cat once every other day. Dermatophytes:5 mg/kg PO once daily on alternating weeks for 3 cycles. For example, treat once daily during weeks 1, 3, and 5, but not on weeks 2 and 4. Some cats may need an additional course of therapy to eliminate the infection.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Itraconazole (Itrafungol, Sporanox)","value":208},{"administration":"Tablets, chewable tablets, oral paste, oral solutions, pour-on, injectable solutions, otic preparations (multiple formulations for different purposes in different species). Ivermectin for small animals found at low dose in heartworm preventatives, sometimes combined with other anthelmintics.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are dose related, with low dosages found in heartworm prevention well tolerated. Higher dosages can cause neurologic adverse effects and should be avoided in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation. Multiple drug interactions possible. Off-label use of large animal products in dogs or cats can cause severe adverse reactions, including death.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Ivomec, Heartgard","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Heartworm preventative:6 mcg/kg every 30 days PO. Prior to adulticide treatment:Administer preventative dose for 2 months, and up to 3 months prior to adulticide treatment. Heartworm treatment:Ivermectin administered at preventive doses combined with doxycycline at 10 mg/kg PO per day for 28 days. Ectoparasite therapy:200-400 mcg/kg (0.2-0.4 mg/kg) IM, SQ, or PO. Demodicosis therapy:Start with 100 mcg/kg/day (0.1 mg/kg) and increase dose by 100 mcg/kg/day to 600 mcg/kg/day (0.6 mg/kg) for 60-120 days PO. (Successful treatment is confirmed with negative skin scrapings.) Sarcoptic mange and cheyletiellosis therapy:200-400 mcg/kg every 7 days PO or every 14 SQ for 4-6 weeks.","canineDosage":"Heartworm prevention:0.006 mg/kg PO q monthSarcoptic mange:0.2-0.4 mg/kg PO or SQ q 7 days for 4 treatmentsEar mites:Otic preparation topically once or twice","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Heartworm preventive:24 mcg/kg every 30 days PO. Ectoparasite therapy:200-400 mcg/kg (0.2-0.4 mg/kg) IM, SQ, or PO, every 7 days or as needed based on skin scraping and clinical examination. Endoparasite therapy:200-400 mcg/kg (0.2-0.4 mg/kg) weekly SQ or PO. Topical:0.5 ml per ear (0.1 mg/ml) for treating ear mites.","felineDosage":"Heartworm prevention:0.024 mg/kg PO q monthSarcoptic mange:0.2-0.4 mg/kg PO or SQ q 7 days for 4 treatmentsEar mites:Otic preparation topically once or twice","fluids":"","formulations":"+ praziquantelpaste composed of 1.87% ivermectin and 14.03% praziquantel.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses200 mcg/kg of ivermectin and 1 mg/kg of praziquantel PO.","multiply":"","name":"Ivermectin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ivermectin (Ivomec, Heartgard)","value":209,"dogWarning":"Contraindicated in Collies, Shelties, and other herding breeds with MDR1 mutation. Can cause severe neurologic toxicity."},{"administration":"Oral suspension OTC","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Transient constipation may occur with high doses. Impacts absorption of other medications. Do not use for severe diarrhea.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Kaopectolin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Diarrhea:1-2 ml/kg PO q 4-6h prn","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.25,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Diarrhea:1-2 ml/kg PO q 4-6h prn","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Kaolin-pectin","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Kaolin-pectin (Kaopectolin)","value":210},{"administration":"Tablets; give with a fatty meal.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, dose-related hepatotoxicity, and adrenal suppression. Use with caution in hepatic disease or thrombocytopenia. Long-term use has been associated with cataracts.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Nizoral","bsa":"","calc":"Ketoconazole","calcID":"Ketoconazole2","canine_dose":"10-15 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Malassezia infection:5 mg/kg q24h PO every 3 weeks. Hyperadrenocorticism:Start with 5 mg/kg q12h initially; then increase after 7 days to 12-15 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible mycotic infection (not recommended for most systemic mycosis):5-10 mg/kg PO q 12-24hLong-term pulse dosing for onychomycosis:5-10 mg/kg PO 3 days on and 4 days offCyclosporin dose reduction adjunct:2.5-5 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"Antifungal","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":200,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Ketoconazole","feline_dose":"5-10 mg/kg q8-12h PO.","felineDosage":"Generally not recommended for cats.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"200 mg tablets and 100 mg/ml oral suspension (Canada).","hide":"","index":164,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses Poorly absorbed. Fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole are more completely absorbed.","multiply":"","name":"Ketoconazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"tab","route":"<i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>PO, SID to BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs10-15 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Malassezia infection:5 mg/kg q24h PO every 3 weeks. Hyperadrenocorticism:Start with 5 mg/kg q12h initially; then increase after 7 days to 12-15 mg/kg q12h PO.Cats5-10 mg/kg q8-12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Ketoconazole (Nizoral)","value":212},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules and injection. Oral forms given with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset and ulcers, renal necrosis, hepatitis, and platelet inhibition. Do not administer with glucocorticoids or other NSAIDs. Rarely used in small animals.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Ketofen, Anafen","bsa":"","calc":"Ketoprofen","calcID":"Ketoprofen2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:2 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ once (postoperative pain control), followed by 1 mg/kg PO q24h prn or lowest effective dose","catdose":1,"category":"NSAID","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> SID, 2mg/kg SQ x 1 day then 1mg/kg PO up to 4 days </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":2,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> SID, 2mg/kg IM,IV,SQ x 1 day then 1mg/kg PO up to 4 days</span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugName":"Ketoprofen","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:1-2 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ once (postoperative pain control), followed by 1 mg/kg PO q24h prn or lowest effective dose. Alternative analgesics usually preferred in cats.","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"12.5 mg tablets (over the counter); 25, 50, and 75 mg (human preparation); and 100 mg/ml injection for horses. It10 mg/ml injection outside the United States.","hide":"","index":155,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses2.2-3.3 mg/kg/day IV or IM. Pigs3 mg/kg/day PO, IV, or IM.Cattle and small ruminants3 mg/kg/day IV or IM for up to 3 days.","multiply":"","name":"Ketoprofen","outputtext":"KetoprofenText","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"","small_animal_dosage":"Single dose:2 mg/kg SQ, IM, or IV. Multiple dose:1 mg/kg q24h PO for up to 5 days. If longer-term treatment is needed, lower the dosage to 0.25 mg/kg once daily because it provides a better safety profile.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"title":"Ketoprofen (Ketofen, Anafen)","value":213},{"administration":"Oral liquid or crystals","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include flatulence, gastric distention, and cramping. Contraindicated in intestinal obstruction. Use with caution in diabetic patients. Cats may be easier to medicate with the oral crystals (1 g crystals = 1.5 ml liquid).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Cephulac, Kristalose","bsa":"","calc":"Lactulose","calcID":"Lactulose2","canine_dose":"Constipation:1 ml/4.5 kg q8h (to effect) PO. Hepatic encephalopathy:0.5 ml/kg q8h PO.","canineDosage":"Hepatic encephalopathy:0.25-0.5 ml/kg PO q 6-8h until stools are looseEnema:3 parts lactulose and 7 parts warm water and give 1-10 ml/kg as a retention enema for 20-30 minutes","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"concSelect":[{"name":"10 g/15 ml","perml":"ml","value":666.67,"id":1},{"name":"225 mg/","perml":"ml","value":225,"id":2},{"name":"500 mg/chew","perml":"chew","value":500,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugName":"Lactulose","feline_dose":"Constipation:1 ml/4.5 kg q8h (to effect) PO. Hepatic encephalopathy:2.5-5 ml/cat q8h PO.","felineDosage":"Hepatic encephalopathy:0.25-0.5 ml/kg PO q 6-8h until stools are looseConstipation:- teaspoon q12h mixed with food, adjusted to obtain desired stool consistency","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"10-g/15 ml liquid solution (3.3 g per 5 ml).","hide":true,"index":173,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses andCattle0.25-0.5 ml/kg/day PO.","multiply":"","name":"Lactulose","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsConstipation:1 ml/4.5 kg q8h (to effect) PO. Hepatic encephalopathy:0.5 ml/kg q8h PO. CatsConstipation:1 ml/4.5 kg q8h (to effect) PO. Hepatic encephalopathy:2.5-5 ml/cat q8h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lactulose (Cephulac, Kristalose)","value":214},{"administration":"Delayed-release orally disintegrating tablets, capsules, both OTC, and injection. Give on empty stomach each morning.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects not well documented in dogs or cats; dizziness, irregular heart rate, weakness, “jitters,” and seizures described in humans.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Prevacid","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Proton pump inhibitor antacid:1-2 mg/kg to maximum of 20 mg/day IV or PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"cap","value":15,"id":1},{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"cap","value":30,"id":2},{"name":"3 mg/","perml":"ml","value":3,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Proton pump inhibitor antacid:1 mg/kg IV or PO q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Lansoprazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lansoprazole (Prevacid)","value":215},{"administration":"Tablets; give with meals.","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in intestinal obstruction, ileus, or fecal impaction. Use with caution in presence of colitis or ulcers. Adverse effects include vomiting and food avoidance. May impact absorption of some drugs (e.g., famotidine).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Fosrenol, Lantharenol","bsa":"","calc":"Lanthanum","calcID":"Lanthanum2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Phosphate binder:5-20 mg/kg PO q12h; titrate to effect","catdose":"","category":"Urinary","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":1},{"name":"750mg/","perml":"tab","value":750,"id":2},{"name":"1000mg/","perml":"tab","value":1000,"id":3},{"name":"Powder 357mg/","perml":"g","value":357,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":40,"dosemin":5,"doseper":30,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":30,"drugName":"Lanthanum","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Phosphate binder:15-45 mg/kg/d PO divided with meals, or 200 mg/CAT q12h","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":27,"multiply":"","name":"Lanthanum","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Divided BID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lanthanum (Fosrenol, Lantharenol)","value":216},{"administration":"Tablets, oral powder, or oral solution OTC, and injection. Give oral forms with food.","adverseEffects":"Dose-related GI upset.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Carnitor, levocarnitine","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Deficiency causing cardiomyopathy:50-200 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":200,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":200,"dosemin":50,"doseper":100,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hepatic lipidosis:250-500 mg/CAT PO q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"L -carnitine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q8h","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"L-carnitine (Carnitor, levocarnitine)","value":218},{"administration":"Tablets; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, lethargy, bone marrow suppression, and hypercholesterolemia. Contraindicated in pregnancy and hepatic impairment.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Arava","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Start with 2 mg/kg per day to avoid adverse effects. It this dosage is well tolerated, increase to 4 mg/kg per day, usually in divided doses of 2 mg/kg q12h; then taper the dosage to 2 mg/kg q24h PO. After an initial induction period, the dose may be decreased by 25% increments until the patient is stabilized or until the disease resolves. Some patients may require higher starting doses.","canineDosage":"Immunosuppression:3-4 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":0},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":2,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2 mg/kg per day for 2 days PO; then 2 mg/kg q48h PO.","felineDosage":"Immunosuppression:2-3 mg/kg PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"Available in 5, 10, and 20 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are available.","multiply":"","name":"Leflunomide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsStart with 2 mg/kg per day to avoid adverse effects. It this dosage is well tolerated, increase to 4 mg/kg per day, usually in divided doses of 2 mg/kg q12h; then taper the dosage to 2 mg/kg q24h PO. After an initial induction period, the dose may be decreased by 25% increments until the patient is stabilized or until the disease resolves. Some patients may require higher starting doses. Cats2 mg/kg per day for 2 days PO; then 2 mg/kg q48h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Leflunomide (Arava)","value":219},{"administration":"Immediate- and extended-release tablets, oral solution, and injection. Oral forms may be given with or without food. Extended-release products should not be broken or crushed. Administer IV bolus over 5-15 minutes.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include mild sedation and GI upset. Human extended-release generic products may not be bioequivalent. Use with caution in renal impairment.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Keppra","bsa":"","calc":"Levetiracetam","calcID":"Levetiracetam2","canine_dose":"20 mg/kg q8h PO. More frequent administration or higher doses may be necessary with concurrent phenobarbital treatment. Oral XR tablets:30 mg/kg q12h PO. IV use (emergency situations):20 mg/kg IV bolus, repeated if necessary, up to 60 mg/kg. Duration of injection is approximately 3 hours. Rectal administration:40 mg/kg rectal administration (100 mg/ml solution) has produced effective concentrations. However, in many dogs, the volume of the administered dose is too large to be practical.","canineDosage":"Anticonvulsant:15-20 mg/kg PO q8h for immediate-release tablets; 30 mg/kg PO q 12-24h for extended-release tabletsStatus epilepticus:30-60 mg/kg IV slow bolus","catdose":"","category":"Anticonvulsant","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":1},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"750mg/","perml":"tab","value":750,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":60,"dosemin":20,"doseper":30,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":30,"drugName":"Levetiracetam","feline_dose":"20 mg/kg q8h PO. XR formulation:500 mg per cat once daily or approximately 94 mg/kg once daily. (Do not split tablets.) Transdermal formulations:Transdermal administration, using Lipoderm as a vehicle, has been administered using a formulation of 350-400 mg/ml. This form is administered at 60 mg/kg q8h (three times the oral dose). Systemic concentrations are low and highly variable.","felineDosage":"Anticonvulsant:20-30 mg/kg PO q8hStatus epilepticus:20 mg/kg IV once by slow bolus","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"immediate-release:250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg tablets. Rapidly disintegrating tablet (Spritam):250, 500, 750, and 1000 mg spearmint-flavored tablets. These tablets disintegrate in the mouth when administered with a small volume of liquid. Alternately, the tablet can be added to a small volume of liquid (one spoonful) and allow the tablet to disperse prior to administration to a pet. XR formulation available in 500 and 750 mg-tablets. There are several XR brands available, but differences among the brands were not demonstrated in canine studies. 100 mg/ml oral solution and 100 mg/ml solution for injection. Compounded formulation for transdermal administration to cats:Formulated in Lipoderm at 350-400 mg/ml. Plasma levels from this application are low and variable.","hide":"","index":28,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses30 mg/kg IV for short-term treatment or 30 mg/kg q24h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Levetiracetam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO IV, TID, BID(extended-release)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs20 mg/kg q8h PO. More frequent administration or higher doses may be necessary with concurrent phenobarbital treatment. Oral XR tablets:30 mg/kg q12h PO. IV use (emergency situations):20 mg/kg IV bolus, repeated if necessary, up to 60 mg/kg. Duration of injection is approximately 3 hours. Rectal administration:40 mg/kg rectal administration (100 mg/ml solution) has produced effective concentrations. However, in many dogs, the volume of the administered dose is too large to be practical. Cats20 mg/kg q8h PO. XR formulation:500 mg per cat once daily or approximately 94 mg/kg once daily. (Do not split tablets.) Transdermal formulations:Transdermal administration, using Lipoderm as a vehicle, has been administered using a formulation of 350-400 mg/ml. This form is administered at 60 mg/kg q8h (three times the oral dose). Systemic concentrations are low and highly variable.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Levetiracetam (Keppra)","value":221},{"administration":"Available in tablets and chewables, powder, and injection. Administer consistently either with or without food. Do not add injection to other fluids.","adverseEffects":"Use with caution with cardiac disease, DM, or in elderly patients. Dogs with hypoadrenocorticism should receive replacement of mineralocorticoid and glucocorticoid therapy before receiving levothyroxine as an increased basal metabolic rate may exacerbate electrolyte disturbances.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Thyro-Tabs Canine, Synthroid","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"18-26 mcg/kg (0.018-0.026 mg/kg) per day PO (adjust dose via monitoring). The average starting dosage is 22 mcg/kg once daily PO, which is approximately 0.1 mg per 10 lb. The entire daily dosage may be administered once per 24 hours or divided into two 12-hour treatments. It may be administered with or without food, but food decreases oral absorption by as much as 50%. To minimize the day-to-day variation in serum T4 concentrations, the timing of administration and feeding should be consistent from day to day. IV therapy for acute treatment:4-5 mcg/kg IV administered once or as needed q12h.","canineDosage":"Hypothyroidism:0.02 mg/kg PO q12h (adjust as needed based on T4)Myxedema crisis:5 mcg/kg IV q12h until oral treatment possible","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.025,"id":1},{"name":"50 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.05,"id":2},{"name":"75 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.075,"id":3},{"name":"88 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.088,"id":4},{"name":"100 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.1,"id":5},{"name":"112 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.112,"id":6},{"name":"125 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.125,"id":7},{"name":"137 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.137,"id":8},{"name":"150 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.15,"id":9},{"name":"175 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.175,"id":10},{"name":"200 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.2,"id":11}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":26,"dosemin":18,"doseper":22,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":22,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"10-20 mcg/kg/day (0.01-0.02 mg/kg) PO (adjust dose via monitoring).","felineDosage":"Hypothyroidism:0.02-0.04 mg/kg PO q 12-24h (adjust based on T4)","fluids":"","formulations":"FDA-approved tablets for dogs in nine strengths from 0.1- to 1 mg tablets (in 0.1 mg increments). These tablets are scored and color coded for easy administration and dose recognition. There have been other non-FDA approved tablets available in other sizes for dogs, but the FDA has taken action to remove these products from the market. There is also a formulation of 1-g of thyroxine per 453.6 of oral powder (1 g/lb of the oral powder) used for horses. There are also human generic formulations. Note that levothyroxine products for animals are not bioequivalent to the human-label tablets. Human formulations:25, 50, 75, 88, 112, 125, 137, 150, 175, 200, and 300-mcg tablets. Liotrix (human form) is a combination of T4 and T3 in a ratio:Available as (T4/T3):12.5/3.1, 25/6.25, 50/12.5, 100/25, and 150/37.5-mcg tablets. Do not assume that all levothyroxine products are bioequivalent and produce the same response. When switching from one brand to another, follow-up testing is recommended to ensure the same response.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses10-60 mcg/kg (0.01-0.06 mg/kg) q24h or 5-30 mcg/kg (0.005-0.03 mg/kg) q12h PO. When using the oral powder for dosing in horses, 1 level teaspoon contains 12 mg of T4, and 1 tablespoon contains 36 mg of T4. This powder may be mixed in with daily ration of grain (e.g., 4 level teaspoons mixed with 30 ml water and added to oats per day). Horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction:0.1 mg/kg (48 mg per horse) per day.","multiply":"","name":"Levothyroxine sodium","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q12h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs18-26 mcg/kg (0.018-0.026 mg/kg) per day PO (adjust dose via monitoring). The average starting dosage is 22 mcg/kg once daily PO, which is approximately 0.1 mg per 10 lb. The entire daily dosage may be administered once per 24 hours or divided into two 12-hour treatments. It may be administered with or without food, but food decreases oral absorption by as much as 50%. To minimize the day-to-day variation in serum T4 concentrations, the timing of administration and feeding should be consistent from day to day. IV therapy for acute treatment:4-5 mcg/kg IV administered once or as needed q12h. Cats10-20 mcg/kg/day (0.01-0.02 mg/kg) PO (adjust dose via monitoring).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Levothyroxine sodium (Thyro-Tabs Canine, Synthroid)","value":222},{"administration":"Injection, transdermal patch, gel, and ready-to-administer premixed bags in D5W. Administer IV slowly. Do not administer epinephrine-containing products IV.","adverseEffects":"Ensure product for IV use does not contain epinephrine. Use IV with caution in patients with liver disease (reduce dose 50%), CHF, shock, hypovolemia, severe respiratory depression, marked hypoxia, bradycardia or incomplete heart block.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Xylocaine","bsa":"","calc":"Lidocaine","calcID":"Lidocaine2","canine_dose":"Antiarrhythmic IV dose:2-4 mg/kg IV (to a maximum dose of 8 mg/kg over a 10-minute period). Antiarrhythmic CRI dosage:1 mg/kg initially followed by 50-75 mcg/kg/min IV CRI. Antiarrhythmic IM dosage:6 mg/kg q1.5h IM. Epidural:4.4 mg/kg of 2% solution. Adjunct to control pain and inflammation associated with surgery:2 mg/kg IV bolus followed by 0.05 mg/kg/min CRI for 24 hours (added to patient’s fluids). MLK:Mixed as 100 mg/ml ketamine (1.6 ml per 500 ml of fluids), 20 mg/ml lidocaine (30 ml per 500 ml of fluids), and 15 mg/ml morphine (1.6 ml per 500 ml of fluids) and infused at a rate of morphine, 0.24 mg/kg/h; lidocaine, 3 mg/kg/h; and ketamine, 0.6 mg/kg/h, administered as CRI for peri-operative analgesia.","canineDosage":"Arrhythmias:2-4 mg/kg IV over 1-2 minutes, then 0.5-2 mg/kg q 20-60 minutes, or 0.04-0.08 mg/kg/min (40-80 mcg/kg/min) CRI IVRegional anesthesia:up to 4 mg/kg local injectionEpidural:1 ml of 2% lidocaine per 4.5 kg BW","catdose":"","category":"Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":20,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":2.5,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Lidocaine","feline_dose":"Antiarrhythmic IV dose:Start with 0.1-0.4 mg/kg initially and then increase to 0.25-0.75 mg/kg IV slowly if there has been no response. Antiarrhythmic CRI dose:Loading dose of 0.5-1 mg/kg IV followed by 10-20 mcg/kg/min (0.6-1.2 mg/kg/h) IV CRI. Epidural:4.4 mg/kg of 2% solution.","felineDosage":"Cats are very sensitive and develop cardiodepression.Arrhythmias:0.25-0.75 mg/kg slowly over 5 minutes; give 1-4 mg bolus maximum over 5 minutes; use diluted solution as CRI 0.01-0.04 mg/kg/minRegional anesthesia:2-4 mg/kg local injectionUrethral catheterization:sterile gel applied to catheter","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"5, 10, 15, and 20 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":109,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesVentricular tachycardia:Start with 0.25-0.5 mg/kg IV injection over 5-10 minutes, up to 1.3-1.5 mg/kg for refractory cases. Follow with 0.03-0.05 mg/kg/min (30-50 mcg/kg/min) CRI. Consider adding magnesium sulfate to the infusion to enhance the efficacy. Add 2.7 g of magnesium sulfate to 1 L of 0.9% sodium chloride solution and administer over 10 minutes IV for a dose of 2-6 mg/kg. Postoperative ileus:1.3 mg/kg IV bolus administered over 15 min followed by 0.05 mg/kg/min (50 mcg/kg/min) CRI. Analgesia:2 mg/kg IV followed by 50 mcg/kg/min CRI.","name":"Lidocaine","tracheal":true,"outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"Local Anesthetic, 1-2.5mg/kg","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAntiarrhythmic IV dose:2-4 mg/kg IV (to a maximum dose of 8 mg/kg over a 10-minute period). Antiarrhythmic CRI dosage:1 mg/kg initially followed by 50-75 mcg/kg/min IV CRI. Antiarrhythmic IM dosage:6 mg/kg q1.5h IM. Epidural:4.4 mg/kg of 2% solution. Adjunct to control pain and inflammation associated with surgery:2 mg/kg IV bolus followed by 0.05 mg/kg/min CRI for 24 hours (added to patient’s fluids). MLK:Mixed as 100 mg/ml ketamine (1.6 ml per 500 ml of fluids), 20 mg/ml lidocaine (30 ml per 500 ml of fluids), and 15 mg/ml morphine (1.6 ml per 500 ml of fluids) and infused at a rate of morphine, 0.24 mg/kg/h; lidocaine, 3 mg/kg/h; and ketamine, 0.6 mg/kg/h, administered as CRI for peri-operative analgesia. CatsAntiarrhythmic IV dose:Start with 0.1-0.4 mg/kg initially and then increase to 0.25-0.75 mg/kg IV slowly if there has been no response. Antiarrhythmic CRI dose:Loading dose of 0.5-1 mg/kg IV followed by 10-20 mcg/kg/min (0.6-1.2 mg/kg/h) IV CRI. Epidural:4.4 mg/kg of 2% solution.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lidocaine (Xylocaine, Lignocaine)","value":223},{"administration":"Tablets or injection; administer consistently either with or without food. Do not add injection to other fluids.","adverseEffects":"Use with caution in patients with liver disease (reduce dose 50%), CHF, shock, hypovolemia, severe respiratory depression, marked hypoxia, bradycardia or incomplete heart block having VPCs. For IV use ensure that products do not contain epinephrine.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cytomel, Triostat","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hypothyroidism nonresponsive to levothyroxine:4-6 mcg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.005,"id":1},{"name":"25 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.025,"id":2},{"name":"50 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":0.05,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":6,"dosemin":4,"doseper":4,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"T3 suppression test:25 mcg/CAT PO q8h for 7 doses. Measure T4 2-6 hours after last dose.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Liothyronine, T 3","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q8h","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Liothyronine, T3 (Cytomel, Triostat)","value":224},{"administration":"Tablets; give with food.","adverseEffects":"GI distress, cough, weakness, hypotension, renal dysfunction, and hyperkalemia possible. Rashes, neutropenia, and agranulocytosis have been reported in humans. Use with caution in coronary or cerebrovascular insufficiency, pre-existing hematologic abnormalities, electrolyte disorders, or collagen vascular disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Prinivil, Zestril","bsa":"","calc":"Lisinopril","calcID":"Lisinopril2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"ACE inhibitor used for CHF:0.5 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"30mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":5},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugName":"Lisinopril","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Adjunctive treatment of CHF:0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"2.5, 5, 10, 20, and 40 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":186,"large_animal_dosage":"No large animal dose is available.","multiply":"","name":"Lisinopril","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lisinopril (Prinivil, Zestril)","value":225},{"administration":"Capsules. NIOSH classifies lomustine as antineoplastic agent that represents an occupational hazard to health care workers and that should always be handled with use of recommended engineering controls and personal protective equipment (PPE), regardless of formulation.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are serious and include bone marrow depression, hepatotoxicity, and lung injury.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"CCNU, Gleostine, CeeNU","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"70-90 mg/m2 every 4 weeks PO. Lymphoma:60 mg/m2 every 4 weeks for four treatments. Brain tumors:60-80 mg/m2 every 6-8 weeks PO. Where liver injury is a concern in dogs, use a lower and safer dose of 40 mg/m2.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:50-90 mg/m2 q 2-6 weeks. Consult with veterinary oncologist.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"cap","value":40,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":90,"dosemin":50,"doseper":70,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":70,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"50-60 mg/m2 every 3-6 weeks PO. Alternatively, administer 10-20 mg/cat every 3-6 weeks.","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:40-60 mg/m2 q 3-6 weeks or as a single 10-mg dose q 3 weeks. DO NOT administer with alpha-lipoic acid as has been suggested for dogs. Consult with veterinary oncologist.","fluids":"","formulations":"was available in 10, 40, and 100 mg capsules. However, commercial forms may be unavailable, and veterinarians have used compounded formulations. Caution is advised when using compounded forms because they have varied greatly in potency, with some (5 mg capsules) as low as 50% of the stated strength and may not produce the desired therapeutic effects.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Lomustine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs70-90 mg/m2 every 4 weeks PO. Lymphoma:60 mg/m2 every 4 weeks for four treatments. Brain tumors:60-80 mg/m2 every 6-8 weeks PO. Where liver injury is a concern in dogs, use a lower and safer dose of 40 mg/m2. Cats50-60 mg/m2 every 3-6 weeks PO. Alternatively, administer 10-20 mg/cat every 3-6 weeks.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lomustine (CCNU, Gleostine, CeeNU)","value":226},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, and oral liquid OTC","adverseEffects":"Do not administer to dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation (naloxone may be used to reverse effects). Cats may experience a paradoxical CNS excitation. Use with caution if at all in animals with increased cranial pressure or acute abdomen. Use with extreme caution in hepatic impairment. Constipation, bloat, and sedation are the most likely effects in dogs. Multiple reported drug interactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Imodium","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antidiarrheal:0.1-0.2 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antidiarrheal:0.05-0.16 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","fluids":"","formulations":"2 mg tablets, 2 mg capsules, and 0.2 mg/ml oral liquid (over the counter).","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported. If administered to horses or ruminants, it may induce problems associated with decreased intestinal motility.","multiply":"","name":"Loperamide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q8-12h","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Loperamide (Imodium)","value":227},{"administration":"Tablets; also available combined with hydrochlorothiazide.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects not well described in dogs or cats. Hypotension, cough, hyperkalemia, and azotemia can occur in humans.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cozaar","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.125 mg/kg per day in azotemic patients; 0.5 mg/kg/day in nonazotemic patients.","canineDosage":"Angiotensin receptor blocker:non-azotemic dogs 0.5 mg/kg PO q24h, titrating up to 1 mg/kg/d prn; azotemic dogs, 0.125 mg/kg PO q24h, titrating up to 0.5 mg/kg/d","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.125,"doseper":0.125,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.125,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Not effective in cats. If an ARB drug is indicated for cats, use telmisartan.","felineDosage":"Use not described for cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"25, 50, and 100 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Losartan","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q24h, use Telmisartan in cats","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.125 mg/kg per day in azotemic patients; 0.5 mg/kg/day in nonazotemic patients. CatsNot effective in cats. If an ARB drug is indicated for cats, use telmisartan.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Losartan (Cozaar)","value":228},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution, and injection. CSS-IV.","adverseEffects":"Polyphagia, aggression, sedation, and ataxia can occur. Sudden discontinuation may result in return of unwanted behaviors. Use injection with care in cats as the injection contains propylene glycol and benzyl alcohol.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Ativan","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.05 mg/kg q12h PO. Seizures:0.2 mg/kg IV. Repeat every 3-4 hours for seizure control if necessary or a 0.2 mg/kg bolus followed by 0.2-0.4 mg/kg/h IV CRI.","canineDosage":"Behavioral modification:0.02-0.5 mg/kg PO q 8-24hStatus epilepticus:0.2 mg/kg IV or intranasally","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"4 mg/","perml":"ml","value":4,"id":2},{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.5,"id":3},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":4},{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.02,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.05 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","felineDosage":"Behavioral modification:0.025-0.25 mg/kg or 0.125-0.25 mg/CAT PO q 8-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Lorazepam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO (BID),IV (Q 3-4 hr) Status epilepticus:0.2 mg/kg","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.05 mg/kg q12h PO. Seizures:0.2 mg/kg IV. Repeat every 3-4 hours for seizure control if necessary or a 0.2 mg/kg bolus followed by 0.2-0.4 mg/kg/h IV CRI. Cats0.05 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lorazepam (Ativan)","value":229},{"administration":"Chewable treats, oral paste or gel, powder OTC","adverseEffects":"Renal dysfunction reported in humans. Efficacy questionable for FHV-1.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"l-lysine, Enisyl-F, Felisyl","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"No well-described use in dogs.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"500 mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":1},{"name":"1000 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1000,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Use in cats for FHV-1 infections is not recommended. 400 mg/cat/day PO daily supplement added to cat food. Paste formulation:1-2 ml to adult cats and 1 ml to kittens.","felineDosage":"Herpes (FHV-1) viral infection:250-500 mg/CAT q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Lysine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Cats Use in cats for FHV-1 infections is not recommended. 400 mg/cat/day PO daily supplement added to cat food. Paste formulation:1-2 ml to adult cats and 1 ml to kittens.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Lysine (l-lysine, Enisyl-F, Felisyl)","value":231},{"administration":"Injection. Inspect for crystals before administration (warming will dissolve crystals). Do not give mannitol with whole blood products unless at least 20 mEq/L of sodium chloride is added to the mannitol solution or pseudoagglutination may result.","adverseEffects":"Volume depletion, volume overload in oliguric patients, hypernatremia, hypokalemia, and metabolic acidosis are the most severe adverse effects. Use with caution in oliguric renal failure. Other adverse effects may include GI upset, CHF, tachycardia, acute kidney injury (if osmolality >320 mOsm/L), and CNS effects.","appendose":"g","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Osmitrol","bsa":"","calc":"Mannitol","calcID":"Mannitol2","canine_dose":"Diuretic:1 g/kg of 5%-25% solution IV to maintain urine flow. Fluid expansion:0.5-2 g/kg IV (or 0.1 g/kg/h). Glaucoma or central nervous system (CNS) edema:0.25-2 g/kg of 15%-25% solution over 30-60 min IV (repeat in 6 hours if necessary).","canineDosage":"Cerebral edema, oliguric renal failure, or adjunctive treatment of glaucoma:0.25-0.5 g/kg as a slow IV bolus over 10-20 minutes","catdose":"","category":"Diuretic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":0.2,"concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"20% (200mg/ml)","perml":"","value":0.2,"id":1},{"name":"5% (50mg/ml)","perml":"","value":0.05,"id":2},{"name":"10% (100mg/ml)","perml":"","value":0.1,"id":3},{"name":"15% (150mg/ml)","perml":"","value":0.15,"id":4},{"name":"25% (250mg/ml)","perml":"","value":0.25,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":0.5,"dosemax":1.5,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":"","dosevalue":0.5,"drugName":"Mannitol","feline_dose":"Fluid expansion:0.5 g/kg to 0.8 g/kg IV over 5 minutes followed by a CRI of 1 mg/kg/min.","felineDosage":"Cerebral edema, oliguric renal failure, or adjunctive treatment of glaucoma:0.25-0.5 g/kg as a slow IV bolus over 10-20 minutes","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, and 25% solution for injection. The 25% solution is equivalent to 1 g in 4-ml vials.","hide":"","index":119,"indication":"Cerebral Edema","large_animal_dosage":"0.25-1 g/kg (20% solution) IV administered over 1 hour. Foals:0.25-1 g/kg IV administered as 20% solution over 15-20 minutes.","name":"Mannitol","outputtext":"","perkg":"g/kg","perml":"mg/ml (20%)","route":"IV over 10-20min","small_animal_dosage":"DogsDiuretic:1 g/kg of 5%-25% solution IV to maintain urine flow. Fluid expansion:0.5-2 g/kg IV (or 0.1 g/kg/h). Glaucoma or central nervous system (CNS) edema:0.25-2 g/kg of 15%-25% solution over 30-60 min IV (repeat in 6 hours if necessary). CatsFluid expansion:0.5 g/kg to 0.8 g/kg IV over 5 minutes followed by a CRI of 1 mg/kg/min.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Mannitol (Osmitrol)","value":234},{"administration":"Tablets, injection. Compounding pharmacies may prepare stable oral suspensions. Give on an empty stomach, but can give with nondairy foods to minimize GI upset if necessary.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but adverse effects include GI distress, CNS stimulation, or hypersensitivity. Consider benefit/risk in young, growing animals because of damage to cartilage. May increase seizure risk. Does not cause retinopathy in cats at recommended dose. Use with caution in hepatic or renal insufficiency and dehydration.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Zeniquin","bsa":"","calc":"Marbofloxacin","calcID":"Marbofloxacin2","canine_dose":"2.75-5.5 mg/kg once daily PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:2.75-5.5 mg/kg PO or SQ q24hLeishmaniasis:2 mg/kg PO q24h for 28 days","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":5.5,"dosemin":2.75,"doseper":2.75,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2.75,"drugName":"Marbofloxacin","feline_dose":"2.75-5.5 mg/kg once daily PO.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:2.75-5.5 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"25, 50, 100, and 200 mg tablets. Injectable marbofloxacin (Marbocyl 10%, 100 mg/ml) is approved in other countries but not in the United States. Another formulation in Europe is Forcyl, which is a 16% solution for IM or IV injection.","hide":"","index":79,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses2 mg/kg once daily IV or PO for treatment of susceptible gram-negative bacteria (IV formulation not available in the United States). Because of the low oral absorption in horses, a dose of 2 mg/kg may not be sufficient for treating otherbacteria that cause infections in horses, including gram-positive cocci. However, higher doses have not been tested. Calves2 mg/kg, IV, SQ, or IM in the neck once daily for 3-5 days or 8-10 mg/kg once IM. Pigs2 mg/kg once per day IM (neck) for 3-5 days or 8 mg/kg once.","multiply":"","name":"Marbofloxacin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2.75-5.5 mg/kg once daily PO. Cats2.75-5.5 mg/kg once daily PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Marbofloxacin (Zeniquin)","value":235},{"administration":"Not available in the United States.","adverseEffects":"Not FDA approved. Proteinuria and neutropenia are relevant adverse events.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Masivet, Kinavet","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic (especially mast cell tumor):12.5 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":10,"dosemax":12.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":12.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Not recommended for use in cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Mastinib","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Mastinib (Masivet, Kinavet)","value":237},{"administration":"Tablets OTC","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include dry mouth, dry eyes, tachycardia. Paradoxical CNS stimulation has also occurred. Due to its anticholinergic side effects, meclizine should be used cautiously in prostatic hypertrophy, bladder neck obstruction, severe cardiac failure, glaucoma, or pyeloduodenal obstruction.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Bonine, Dramamine II, Antivert","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"25 mg per dog q24h PO (for motion sickness, administer 1 hour prior to traveling).","canineDosage":"Prophylaxis of vestibular syndromes, motion sickness:4 mg/kg or 25 mg/DOG PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"12 mg/","value":12,"perml":"tab","id":1},{"name":"25 mg/","value":25,"perml":"tab","id":2},{"name":"50 mg/","value":50,"perml":"tab","id":3}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":50,"dosemin":12.5,"doseper":25,"dosestep":12.5,"dosevalue":25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"12.5 mg per cat q24h PO (for motion sickness, administer 1 hour prior to traveling, but other agents are recommended because antihistamines are not effective in cats).","felineDosage":"Prophylaxis of vestibular syndromes:6.25-12.5 mg/CAT PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"12.5, 25, and 50 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Meclizine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/dog","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs25 mg per dog q24h PO (for motion sickness, administer 1 hour prior to traveling). Cats12.5 mg per cat q24h PO (for motion sickness, administer 1 hour prior to traveling, but other agents are recommended because antihistamines are not effective in cats).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Meclizine (Bonine, Dramamine II, Antivert)","value":238},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are dose related and include bradycardia, depressed respiration, hypothermia, urination, vomiting, hyperglycemia, and pain on IM injection. May increase ocular pressure in dogs but not cats.","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Domitor","bsa":"","calc":"Medetomidine","calcID":"Medetomidine2","canine_dose":"750 mcg/m2 IV or 1000 mcg/m2 IM. The IV dose is equivalent to 18-71 mcg/kg IV. Lower doses are often used for short-term sedation and analgesia of 5-15 mcg/kg (0.005-0.015 mg/kg) IV, IM, or SQ. These doses may be increased up to60 mcg/kg when severe pain is involved. 20 mcg/kg has been used in combination with butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg), hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg), or ketamine for short-term procedures. CRI:Loading dose of 1 mcg/kg IV followed by 0.0015 mg/kg/h (1.5 mcg/kg/h). CRI may produce adverse cardiovascular effects and should be monitored closely.","canineDosage":"Sedation/restraint:0.005-0.02 mg/kg (5-20 mcg/kg) IM as a single agent","catdose":"","category":"Sedative","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1000,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":40,"dosemin":5,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":20,"drugName":"Medetomidine","feline_dose":"750 mcg/m2 IV or 1000 mcg/m2 IM. The IV dose is equivalent to 18-71 mcg/kg IV. Doses in the lower range are used for short-term sedation and analgesia (e.g., 10-20 mcg/kg), but higher doses (up to 80 mcg/kg) have been used for more severe pain. Medetomidine may be administered IM or IV. Combination with ketamine:5 mg/kg ketamine + 5 mcg/kg medetomidine mixed in one syringe and administered IM.","felineDosage":"Sedation/restraint:0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IM","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"has been available in a 1.0 mg/ml injection, but the commercial form has been discontinued in many countries and replaced by dexmedetomidine.","hide":"","index":189,"infoLink":"Usually used in combination with an opioid. <br/>Often dosed using BSA in mcg/m2 (750 mcg/m2 (0.75 mg/m2) IV or 1000 mcg/m2 (1 mg/m2) IM)","large_animal_dosage":"Lambs30 mcg/kg (0.03 mg/kg) IV. Horses10 mcg/kg IM as a sedative prior to induction for anesthesia. Some horses may need an additional dose of 4 mcg/kg IV. In horses, guaifenesin (5% solution) and ketamine (2.2 mg/kg) have been used in combination.","multiply":"","name":"Medetomidine (Domitor)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mcg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs750 mcg/m2 IV or 1000 mcg/m2 IM. The IV dose is equivalent to 18-71 mcg/kg IV. Lower doses are often used for short-term sedation and analgesia of 5-15 mcg/kg (0.005-0.015 mg/kg) IV, IM, or SQ. These doses may be increased up to60 mcg/kg when severe pain is involved. 20 mcg/kg has been used in combination with butorphanol (0.2 mg/kg), hydromorphone (0.1 mg/kg), or ketamine for short-term procedures. CRI:Loading dose of 1 mcg/kg IV followed by 0.0015 mg/kg/h (1.5 mcg/kg/h). CRI may produce adverse cardiovascular effects and should be monitored closely. Cats750 mcg/m2 IV or 1000 mcg/m2 IM. The IV dose is equivalent to 18-71 mcg/kg IV. Doses in the lower range are used for short-term sedation and analgesia (e.g., 10-20 mcg/kg), but higher doses (up to 80 mcg/kg) have been used for more severe pain. Medetomidine may be administered IM or IV. Combination with ketamine:5 mg/kg ketamine + 5 mcg/kg medetomidine mixed in one syringe and administered IM.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Medetomidine (Domitor)","value":239},{"administration":"Tablets, injection. Injections administered SQ should be given in visually inconspicuous area as it may cause permanent alopecia at the injection site.","adverseEffects":"Drug rarely used due to adverse event profile, including PU/PD, lethargy, endocrinopathy, and pyometra. It may predispose animals to DM and should not be used in diabetics. May suppress adrenal function; treated animals may require supplemental corticosteroids in stressful situations.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Provera","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Alopecia X:5-7 mg/kg SQ q 4 weeks for 4 treatmentsLong-term reproductive control:2.5-3 mg/kg IM q 5 months","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"150 mg/","perml":"ml","value":150,"id":4},{"name":"400 mg/","perml":"ml","value":400,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":7,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Adjunctive therapy to refractory urine marking in neutered male cats:5-20 mg/kg SQ or IM 3-4× yearlyLong-term reproductive control:2 mg/kg IM q 5 months","fluids":"","formulations":"150 and 400 mg/ml suspension injection and 2.5, 5, and 10 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesPrevent estrus:250-500 mg/horse IM.","multiply":"","name":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ q4 weeks","small_animal_dosage":"1.1-2.2 mg/kg every 7 days IM. Suppression of estrus in cats:0.05 mg/kg oral once daily. This dose may have a negative effect on fertility and newborn kittens when treatment is discontinued. To suppress estrus with the IM form, 2-2.5 mg/kg is injected and repeated once every 4-6 months. Behavior problems:5 mg per dog once daily as needed. Prostatic disease (dogs):3-5 mg/kg IM or SQ every 3-4 weeks.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Medroxyprogesterone acetate (Provera)","value":240},{"administration":"Not available in the United States. May be obtained through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or imported from Europe.","adverseEffects":"Use in renal, hepatic, or cardiac failure carries a higher risk of adverse effects, including the risk of worsening renal function through damage to renal tubules. Other adverse effects include injection site reactions, lethargy, GI effects, and elevated liver enzymes.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Glucantime, N-methyl-glucamine antimoniate","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Leishmaniasis:100 mg/kg SQ q24h for 4 weeks +/- allopurinol","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":85,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":100,"doseper":100,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":100,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Meglumine antimonite","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ q24h for 4 weeks","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Meglumine antimonite (Glucantime, N-methyl-glucamine antimoniate)","value":241},{"administration":"Injection. Administer deep IM strictly following the manufacturer's package insert. Wear appropriate personal protective equipment (e.g., gloves, gowns, face mask) to protect from exposure.","adverseEffects":"Pain at injection site and reluctance to move following treatment is common. Other adverse effects include coughing, gagging, depression, inappetence, fever, lung congestion, and vomiting. Do not administer to dogs with caval syndrome. Post-treatment thrombotic events are strongly correlated with activity. Strict cage rest should be imposed for at least 2-4 weeks after treatment.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Immiticide, Diroban","bsa":"","calc":"Melarsomine","calcID":"Melarsomine2","canine_dose":"Administer via deep IM injection. Follow guidelines from the American Heartworm Society for the safest and most effective use of melarsomine. Three-dose protocol:One injection on days 60, 90, and 91 after the initial diagnosis.","canineDosage":"Heartworm infection (class 1):2.5 mg/kg deep IM in the lumbar epaxial muscles twice, 24 hours apart, or as for class 2-3Heartworm disease (class 2, 3):2.5 mg/kg deep IM in the lumbar epaxial muscles; enforce strict rest for 1 month, then repeat 2 more doses 24 hours apart (total of 3 injections)","catdose":"","category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":25,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":2.5,"doseper":2.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugName":"Melarsomine","feline_dose":"Not recommended because of adverse reactions.","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"25 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":30,"infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Melarsomine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"<i class=\"fas fa-dog fa-fw\"></i> IM as directed *DOGS ONLY*","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAdminister via deep IM injection. Follow guidelines from the American Heartworm Society for the safest and most effective use of melarsomine. Three-dose protocol:One injection on days 60, 90, and 91 after the initial diagnosis. CatsNot recommended because of adverse reactions.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Melarsomine (Immiticide, Diroban)","value":242},{"administration":"Tablets OTC, implants","adverseEffects":"Generally very well tolerated. May cause sedation. Implants are occasionally associated with injection site reactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Regulin, PrimeX, Dermatonin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Alopecia X:3-12 mg/DOG PO q 8-24h, or using the implants 8 mg (dogs <9 kg), 12 mg (dogs 9-18 kg), and 18 mg (dogs >18 kg) implanted SQ 1-2× yearly as neededAdjunct for immune-mediated blood disorder:3 mg/DOG for dogs <20 kg, and 6 mg/DOG for dogs >20 kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"3 mg/","perml":"tab","value":3,"id":2},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":3},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Nocturnal hyperactivity:1.5-6 mg/CAT PO before bedtime","fluids":"Melatonin","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Melatonin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg","perml":"mg","route":"PO (0.5-5mg dose, depending on size)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Melatonin (Regulin, PrimeX, Dermatonin)","value":243},{"administration":"Tablets, oral suspension, injection, transmucosal oral solution. Oral forms given with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events are similar to other NSAIDs and include GI upset, ulceration, perforation, and renal toxicity. Do not combine with other NSAIDs or glucocorticoids. Manufacturers state that there is no known safe dosing of this drug in cats; however, it is often used as an analgesic for chronic conditions such as osteoarthritis in cats.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Metacam","bsa":"","calc":"Meloxicam","calcID":"Meloxicam2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:0.2 mg/kg PO, IV, or SQ initially, followed by 0.1 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"NSAID","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":2},{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.5,"id":3},{"name":"1.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.5,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugName":"Meloxicam","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Product bears a black box warning about use in cats. ISFM and AAFP support low dosing for chronic pain.Chronic Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:0.1 mg/kg PO initially, followed by 0.05 mg/kg PO q24h tapered to lowest effective dose","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":107,"indication":"","name":"Meloxicam.","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,PO, 0.2mg/kg initial Dose","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Meloxicam (Metacam, Mobic, OroCam)","value":244},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Poor evidence for clinical efficacy or safety in veterinary patients, though no specific adverse effects described.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Namenda","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:0.3-0.5 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"7 mg/","perml":"cap","value":7,"id":3},{"name":"14 mg/","perml":"cap","value":14,"id":4},{"name":"21 mg/","perml":"cap","value":21,"id":5},{"name":"28 mg/","perml":"cap","value":28,"id":6},{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.3,"doseper":0.3,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.3,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use is not described in cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Memantine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q12h, Not in cats","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":"","title":"Memantine (Namenda)","value":246},{"administration":"Injection. Stable at 50 mg/ml in refrigerator for up to 25 days.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Alopecia or hair color change may occur at SQ injection sites. GI upset and seizures have been reported. Do not use in animals that have known allergies to beta-lactam antimicrobials.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Merrem","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Enterobacteriaceae (E. coli, K. pneumoniae):10 mg/kg q8h, IV, IM, or SQ. Pseudomonas aeruginosa:30 mg/kg, q8h, IV, IM, or SQ. CRI:1 mg/kg IV; follow with a 1 mg/kg/h infusion.","canineDosage":"Multidrug-resistant infections:8.5-12 mg/kg SQ q12h or 24 mg/kg IV q12h; increase to q8h if neutropenia and pathogen minimum inhibitory concentration >1","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"500 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":500,"id":1},{"name":"1 g/vial","perml":"vial","value":1000,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":8.5,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"10 mg/kg IM, SQ, or IV q12h.","felineDosage":"Multidrug-resistant infections:10 mg/kg q12h SQ, IV","fluids":"","formulations":"500 mg or 1-g vial; both produce 50 mg/ml after reconstitution for injection. Reconstitute with sodium chloride, Ringer’s solution, or lactated Ringer’s solution.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported. However, doses similar to the range used in small animals are suggested for foals.","multiply":"","name":"Meropenem","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV, IM, or SQ, Q8h","small_animal_dosage":"DogsEnterobacteriaceae (E. coli, K. pneumoniae):10 mg/kg q8h, IV, IM, or SQ. Pseudomonas aeruginosa:30 mg/kg, q8h, IV, IM, or SQ. CRI:1 mg/kg IV; follow with a 1 mg/kg/h infusion.Cats10 mg/kg IM, SQ, or IV q12h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Meropenem (Merrem)","value":247},{"administration":"Injection. Dilute in saline for CRI infusions. CSS-II.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are typical for opioids and include panting, whining, sedation, defecation, constipation, bradycardia, CNS excitation, histamine response, and respiratory depression. Use with extreme caution in hypothyroidism, severe renal insufficiency, hypoadrenocorticism, in geriatric or severely debilitated patients, head injuries, increased intracerebral pressure, acute abdominal conditions, respiratory disease or acute respiratory dysfunction.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Dolophine","bsa":"","calc":"Methadone","calcID":"Methadone2","canine_dose":"0.1-0.5 mg/kg IV or 0.5-2.2 mg/kg q3-4h SQ or IM.","canineDosage":"Analgesia:Loading dose of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, followed by 0.12 mg/kg/h IV CRIPerioperative and postoperative analgesia:0.1-1 mg/kg IV, SQ, or IM q 4-8h","catdose":"","category":"Narcotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugName":"Methadone","feline_dose":"0.3-0.6 mg/kg q3-4h IV, SQ, or IM. Cats have tolerated doses up to 0.6 mg/kg IM, with a 4-hour duration of activity. Oral mucosal administration is approximately two times the IV dose because of less than 50% absorption.","felineDosage":"Analgesia:Loading dose of 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, followed by 0.12 mg/kg/h IV CRIPerioperative and postoperative analgesia:0.05-0.5 mg/kg IV, SQ, or IM q 4-6h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1- and 2 mg/ml oral solution; 5, 10, and 40 mg tablets; and 10 mg/ml injectable solution. There is a licensed formulation of methadone for cats available in some European countries.","hide":"","index":99,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.15 mg/kg IV or IM q6-8h. Oral administration also has been used, with some evidence of adequate oral absorption.","name":"Methadone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.5 mg/kg IV or 0.5-2.2 mg/kg q3-4h SQ or IM. Cats0.3-0.6 mg/kg q3-4h IV, SQ, or IM. Cats have tolerated doses up to 0.6 mg/kg IM, with a 4-hour duration of activity. Oral mucosal administration is approximately two times the IV dose because of less than 50% absorption.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methadone (Dolophine)","value":250},{"administration":"Tablets. Compounding pharmacists may provide oral suspensions and transdermal gels. Give oral preparations with food. Use gloves when applying topically to inner pinnae.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, blood dyscrasias, facial excoriations (requires discontinuation of therapy), and rarely hepatotoxicity and myasthenia gravis. Avoid use in autoimmune disease, primary liver disease, hematologic disorders or coagulopathies, or pregnant/lactating queens. May unmask underlying renal failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Tapazole, Felimazole","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Functional thyroid neoplasia:2.5-5 mg/DOG PO q12h (other treatments indicated)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":1.25,"doseper":2.5,"dosestep":1.25,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5 mg/cat q12h PO for 7-14 days; then adjust dosage up to 5-10 mg/cat PO q12h if needed. Monitor T4 concentrations and adjust dosage accordingly. Some cats can be maintained on once-daily treatment. Transdermal dosage:10 mg per cat transdermally once daily. After a period of adjustment, modification of dosage should be done by monitoring thyroid concentrations in cats. Some cats may require twice-daily dosing, and some cats can be maintained on a dosage of 5 mg per cat once daily. Alternate ears with each dose and wear gloves when applying.","felineDosage":"Hyperthyroidism:2.5 mg/CAT PO or by transdermal gel q12h initial dose, adjusted based on response to therapy. Response to transdermal may take several weeks.","fluids":"","formulations":"2.5 and 5 mg coated tablets (veterinary form) and 5 and 10 mg tablets (human form). Transdermal:There are no approved transdermal formulations for cats in the United States. However, a 10% transdermal gel has been prepared by compounding pharmacies. For consideration of a transdermal gel, the pharmacist should consult US Patent number US2010/0137389 A1 (June 3, 2010), which lists the ingredients and process for preparing the formulation. Transdermal:There is a transdermal form approved in some countries (New Zealand) for cats. This product (Hyper-T Earspot)1-ml applicator at a concentration of 100 mg/ml and applied as 0.1 ml (10 mg) once daily the pinna of the ear. Dose adjustments are recommended based on measurement of T4 concentrations.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Methimazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/cat","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Transdermal","small_animal_dosage":"Cats2.5 mg/cat q12h PO for 7-14 days; then adjust dosage up to 5-10 mg/cat PO q12h if needed. Monitor T4 concentrations and adjust dosage accordingly. Some cats can be maintained on once-daily treatment. Transdermal dosage:10 mg per cat transdermally once daily. After a period of adjustment, modification of dosage should be done by monitoring thyroid concentrations in cats. Some cats may require twice-daily dosing, and some cats can be maintained on a dosage of 5 mg per cat once daily. Alternate ears with each dose and wear gloves when applying.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methimazole (Tapazole, Felimazole)","value":252},{"administration":"Tablets, injection. Avoid IM or SQ injection due to pain, and administer slowly by IV infusion, being careful to avoid extravasation.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include sedation, salivation, emesis, lethargy, weakness, and ataxia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Robaxin","bsa":"","calc":"Methocarbamol","calcID":"Methocarbamol2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Muscle relaxation:20-45 mg/kg PO q 8-12h; Muscle tremors of toxicoses:44-220 mg/kg slow IV; use high end of dose range if strychnine, metaldehyde, tetanus; maximum 330 mg/kg/day","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"750mg/","perml":"tab","value":750,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":55,"dosemin":44,"doseper":50,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":50,"drugName":"Methocarbamol","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Muscle relaxation:20-45 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"500 mg tablets and 100 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":31,"large_animal_dosage":"4.4-22 mg/kg q8h IV for moderate conditions and 22-55 for more severe conditions. (These dosage regimens are based on the FDA-approved label.) In horses, higher doses above 30 mg/kg IV and 50-100 mg/kg PO have been administered but are more likely to produce mild to moderate depression.","multiply":"","name":"Methocarbamol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"44 mg/kg IV (moderate conditions) or 55 mg/kg and up to 222 mg/kg for severe conditions such as tetanus or strychnine poisoning. The total cumulative dose should not exceed 333 mg/kg. (These dose regimens are based on the FDA-approved label.) Oral dosage:44 mg/kg q8h PO followed by 22-44 mg/kg q8h PO, not to exceed 14-21 days. (These dosage regimens are based on the FDA-approved label.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methocarbamol (Robaxin)","value":253},{"administration":"Tablets, injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include leukopenia, GI bleeding, hepatotoxicity. Contraindicated in bone marrow depression, severe hepatic or renal insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Trexall, Rheumatrex","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:0.06 mg/kg PO q 24-48h; or 2.5 mg/m2 PO q 24-48h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"7.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":7.5,"id":3},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":4},{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":5},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":6},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":2.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:2.5 mg/m2 PO q 2-3 days","fluids":"","formulations":"2.5 mg tablets and 2.5 and 25 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Methotrexate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"PO q 24-48h","small_animal_dosage":"2.5-5 mg/m2 q48h PO (dose depends on specific cancer protocol). 0.3-0.5 mg/kg every week IV. Cats0.8 mg/kg IV every 2-3 weeks.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methotrexate","value":254},{"administration":"Available through compounding","adverseEffects":"Oxidant compound that can result in magnified oxidative damage and hemolysis. Use with caution, and consider consultation with veterinary toxicologist or internist.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"new methylene blue","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Methemoglobinemia:1 mg/kg IV for short-term use, or 1.5 mg/kg PO q 24-48h for chronic use","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1.5,"dosestep":0.25,"dosevalue":1.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"There are no commercial veterinary methylene blue products for systemic use. The human product (1% solution, 10 mg/ml) may be appropriate for use in some species, but treatment in large animals may require a compounded formulation.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle, Goats, andSheep4-10 mg/kg IV as needed. This dose of methylene blue should be administered over 15 minutes. After the initial dose, lower doses may be repeated to titrate to clinical response. Higher doses may be repeated every 6-8 hours if needed. Higher doses are used for severe toxicity (15-20 mg/kg).","multiply":"","name":"Methylene blue","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"1.5 mg/kg IV once slowly.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methylene blue (new methylene blue)","value":255},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution, oral suspension. A drug of high abuse by humans; prescriptions limited to 30 days. CSS-II.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include CNS stimulation, hyperthermia, tremors, tachycardia, tachypnea, and anorexia. Use with caution in seizure disorders, cardiac disease, hypertension, or in aggressive animals.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Ritalin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Narcolepsy:0.1-0.25 mg/kg PO q 8-24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"18 mg/","perml":"tab","value":18,"id":4},{"name":"27 mg/","perml":"tab","value":27,"id":5},{"name":"36 mg/","perml":"tab","value":36,"id":6},{"name":"54 mg/","perml":"tab","value":54,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.25,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Methylphenidate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q8-24h, not in cats","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methylphenidate (Ritalin)","value":256},{"administration":"Injectable suspension. Shake well before using.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are those typical of glucocorticoids (e.g., PU/PD, polyphagia, hypothalamic-pituitary axis suppression). Can precipitate DM. Contraindicated in active infections, GI ulceration, and hyperadrenocorticism. Do not use concurrently with NSAIDs or other glucocorticoids. Use with caution in hypertension, CHF, renal insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Medrol, Depo-Medrol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Methylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dose dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Long-term maintenance doses are in the range of 0.3-0.5 mg/kg every other day, PO. Methylprednisolone acetate:1 mg/kg (or 20-40 mg/dog) IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency:0.2 mg/kg/day.","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory long-acting glucocorticoid:1-2 mg/kg IM, SQ repeated as needed up to q several weeks. Intermediate-duration glucocorticoids (e.g., predniso[lo]ne) preferred in most situations. Can be used as intralesional injection.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"ml","value":40,"id":1},{"name":"80 mg/","perml":"ml","value":80,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":40,"dosemin":10,"doseper":20,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":20,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Methylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dosage dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Methylprednisolone acetate:10-20 mg/cat IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV.","felineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory long-acting glucocorticoid:10-20 mg/CAT IM, SQ repeated as needed up to q several weeks. Intermediate-duration glucocorticoids (e.g., prednisolone) preferred in most situations. Can be used as intralesional injection.","fluids":"","formulations":"1, 2, 4, 8, 18, and 32 mg tablets. Methylprednisolone acetate20 and 40 mg/ml suspension for injection. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate1- and 2-g and 125 and 500 mg vials for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses200 mg as a single total dose injected intramuscularly. Intra-articular dose:40-240 mg total dose, with the average dose of 120 mg injected in the joint space using sterile technique.","multiply":"","name":"Methylprednisolone acetate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/dog","perml":"mg","route":"IM, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsMethylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dose dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Long-term maintenance doses are in the range of 0.3-0.5 mg/kg every other day, PO. Methylprednisolone acetate:1 mg/kg (or 20-40 mg/dog) IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency:0.2 mg/kg/day. CatsMethylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dosage dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Methylprednisolone acetate:10-20 mg/cat IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methylprednisolone acetate (Medrol, Depo-Medrol)","value":257},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI ulceration. Typically used only in acute care, so longer-term adverse effects of glucocorticoids may not have been recognized. Active infection, GI ulceration, and hyperadrenocorticism are contraindications. Do not use concurrently with NSAIDs. Use with caution in hypertension, CHF, renal insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Solu-Medrol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Methylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dose dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Long-term maintenance doses are in the range of 0.3-0.5 mg/kg every other day, PO. Methylprednisolone acetate:1 mg/kg (or 20-40 mg/dog) IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency:0.2 mg/kg/day.","canineDosage":"Rapid-acting parenteral glucocorticoid:30 mg/kg slow IV once, then 15 mg/kg IV q6h prn up to 48 hours (use in shock and IVDD controversial)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"40 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":40,"id":1},{"name":"125 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":125,"id":2},{"name":"500 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":500,"id":3},{"name":"1 g/vial","perml":"vial","value":1000,"id":4},{"name":"2 g/vial","perml":"vial","value":2000,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":15,"doseper":30,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":30,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Methylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dosage dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Methylprednisolone acetate:10-20 mg/cat IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV.","felineDosage":"Rapid-acting parenteral glucocorticoid:30 mg/kg slow IV once, then 15 mg/kg IV q6h prn up to 48 hours (use in shock controversial)","fluids":"","formulations":"1, 2, 4, 8, 18, and 32 mg tablets. Methylprednisolone acetate20 and 40 mg/ml suspension for injection. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate1- and 2-g and 125 and 500 mg vials for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses200 mg as a single total dose injected intramuscularly. Intra-articular dose:40-240 mg total dose, with the average dose of 120 mg injected in the joint space using sterile technique.","multiply":"","name":"Methylprednisolone sodium succinate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"DogsMethylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dose dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Long-term maintenance doses are in the range of 0.3-0.5 mg/kg every other day, PO. Methylprednisolone acetate:1 mg/kg (or 20-40 mg/dog) IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency:0.2 mg/kg/day. CatsMethylprednisolone oral tablets:0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO, with the dosage dependent on the severity of the disease. The label dosage is 0.22-0.44 mg/kg q12-24h PO. After starting the initial dose, slowly taper the dose and frequency to the lowest dose possible that will control the disease condition. Methylprednisolone acetate:10-20 mg/cat IM every 1-3 weeks. Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (for emergency use):30 mg/kg IV and repeat at 15 mg/kg in 2-6 hours IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Methylprednisolone sodium succinate (Solu-Medrol)","value":258},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules","adverseEffects":"May cause premature closure of epiphyseal plates in growing animals. Contraindicated in hepatic failure and pregnancy. Use with caution in heart failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Android, Methitest","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5-25 mg/dog q24-48h PO.","canineDosage":"Testosterone-responsive alopecia:1 mg/kg (up to 30 mg/DOG) PO q 24-48h until hair regrowth, then lowest effective dose 1-2×/wkHormone-responsive incontinence in male dogs:0.5 mg/kg PO q24h (other treatments preferred)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":0.5,"dosemax":1,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5-5 mg/cat q24-48h PO.","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"10 and 25 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Methyltestosterone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q24-48h, *Not in cats*","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-25 mg/dog q24-48h PO. Cats2.5-5 mg/cat q24-48h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Methyltestosterone (Android, Methitest)","value":259},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution, injection. Dilute IV doses in saline and administer slowly to minimize CNS adverse effects.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include frenzied behavior, disorientation, constipation; these are more likely in cats than dogs. Contraindicated in patients with GI hemorrhage, obstruction, or perforation. May trigger hypertensive crisis in pheochromocytoma. Use with extreme caution if at all in presence of seizures or head trauma. Do not use concurrently with phenothiazines. Use with caution and reduce dose in CHF or renal failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Reglan","bsa":"","calc":"Metoclopramide","calcID":"Metoclopramide2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antiemetic and gastric prokinetic:0.2-0.5 mg/kg PO, SQ, or IM q 6-8h, or 0.01-0.09 mg/kg/h IV CRI","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"1mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":2},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":3},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugName":"Metoclopramide","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Not preferred for cats.Antiemetic and gastric prokinetic:0.2-0.5 mg/kg q 6-8h PO, SQ, or IM; or 0.01-0.09 mg/kg/h IV CRI","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":32,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesInfusion of metoclopramide (0.125-0.25 mg/kg/h) added to IV fluids to reduce postoperative ileus in horses (see precautions regarding use in horses).Calves and cattleNot recommended because it is not a suitable prokinetic agent in ruminants. At a dose of 0.1 mg/kg IV to cattle, it does not increase abomasal emptying. Adverse reactions develop at higher doses (0.3 mg/kg).","multiply":"","name":"Metoclopramide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SQ, IM, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Antiemetic dosage:0.5 mg/kg q8h IV, IM, or PO. CRI:Administer a loading dose of 0.4 mg/kg followed by 0.3 mg/kg/h. In refractory cases, CRI dose may be increased up to 1.0 mg/kg/h. For antiemetic treatment with cancer chemotherapy, the dose used is up to 2 mg/kg per 24 hours. Dosage to stimulate lactation:0.2 mg/kg PO q6h for 6 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Metoclopramide (Reglan)","value":260},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in 2nd- or 3rd-degree heart block and sinus bradycardia. Adverse effects may include bradycardia, lethargy, weakness, depression, impaired AV conduction, worsening of heart failure, hypotension, hypoglycemia, syncope, and diarrhea.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lopressor","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5-50 mg per dog (0.5-1 mg/kg) q8h PO.","canineDosage":"Noncongestive heart failure:0.2 mg/kg PO q12h slowly titrated upward (as tolerated) q 2-3 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2-15 mg per cat q8h PO.","felineDosage":"Beta-blocker:2-15 mg/CAT PO q8h","fluids":"","formulations":"25, 37.5, 50, 75, and 100 mg tablets and 1 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Metoprolol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, q8h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-50 mg per dog (0.5-1 mg/kg) q8h PO. Cats2-15 mg per cat q8h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Metoprolol (Lopressor)","value":261},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution, injection. Compounding pharmacists may prepare palatable preparations of metronidazole benzoate, which requires multiplying the dose of metronidazole by 1.6. Tablets are extremely bitter. Injections should not be refrigerated. Dilute IV doses in saline and administer over 30-60 minutes.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include neurotoxicity (rare in cats), blood dyscrasias, GI upset, and hepatopathy. Use with caution and reduce dose by 50% in hepatic failure and decrease frequency to q24h. Dogs may experience neurotoxicity in doses >60 mg/kg/day.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Flagyl","bsa":"","calc":"Metronidazole","calcID":"Metronidazole","canine_dose":"Anaerobic bacteria:15 mg/kg q12h or 12 mg/kg q8h PO. Anaerobic bacteria:IV dose:15 mg/kg IV via slow infusion over at least 30 minutes in a diluted form. Give slowly to avoid adverse CNS effects. Giardia infection:12-15 mg/kg q12h for 5-7 days PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible anaerobic infections or IBD:10-15 mg/kg PO q12h (do not exceed 60 mg/kg/day)Anaerobic sepsis:15 mg/kg IV over 30-60 minutes q12hGiardiasis:15-25 mg/kg PO q 12-24h for 5 -7 days","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":3},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":4},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":5},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":25,"dosemin":10,"doseper":15,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"drugName":"Metronidazole","feline_dose":"Anaerobic bacteria:10-25 mg/kg q24h PO. Giardia infection:17 mg/kg (one third tablet per cat) q24h for 8 days. Metronidazole benzoate (for treatment of Giardia infection):25 mg/kg PO 12h for 7 days. Metronidazole benzoate is 62% metronidazole; therefore 20 mg/kg of metronidazole benzoate delivers 12.4 mg/kg of metronidazole.","felineDosage":"Susceptible anaerobic infections or IBD:10-15 mg/kg PO q12hAnaerobic sepsis:15 mg/kg IV over 30-60 minutes q12hGiardiasis:15-25 mg/kg PO q 12-24h for 5-7 days","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"250 and 500 mg tablets, 375 mg capsules, 50 mg/ml suspension, and 5 mg/ml injection. Metronidazole benzoate is a formulation not available in the United States but has been compounded for veterinary use. Metronidazole benzoate is 62% metronidazole. It has been formulated in Ora-Plus and Ora-Sweet (drug excipients) to a concentration of 16 mg/ml.","hide":"","index":80,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreatment of anaerobic bacteria and protozoal infections:10 mg/kg q12h PO. Note:Some clinicians have used higher doses (≤15-20 mg/kg q6h), but at these doses, side effects are more likely. Foals:10-15 mg/kg IV or PO q12h. CattleTreatment of trichomoniasis (bulls):75 mg/kg q12h IV for three doses. (See Regulatory Information.)","multiply":"","name":"Metronidazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO BID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnaerobic bacteria:15 mg/kg q12h or 12 mg/kg q8h PO. Anaerobic bacteria:IV dose:15 mg/kg IV via slow infusion over at least 30 minutes in a diluted form. Give slowly to avoid adverse CNS effects. Giardia infection:12-15 mg/kg q12h for 5-7 days PO. CatsAnaerobic bacteria:10-25 mg/kg q24h PO. Giardia infection:17 mg/kg (one third tablet per cat) q24h for 8 days. Metronidazole benzoate (for treatment of Giardia infection):25 mg/kg PO 12h for 7 days. Metronidazole benzoate is 62% metronidazole; therefore 20 mg/kg of metronidazole benzoate delivers 12.4 mg/kg of metronidazole.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Metronidazole (Flagyl)","value":262},{"administration":"Capsules; give with food.","adverseEffects":"GI upset is the most common adverse effect and may be minimized by giving with food. Use with extreme caution if at all in patients with 2nd- or 3rd-degree AV block or cardiogenic shock. Avoid use or reduce dose in MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutants.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Mexitil","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"6 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Chronic pain caused by nerve injury:4-10 mg/kg PO q8h. Cats No safe dose has been established.","canineDosage":"Ventricular arrhythmias:5-10 mg/kg PO q 8-12h. Avoid use or reduce dose in MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutants.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":8,"dosemin":5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":6,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Ventricular arrhythmias:4-10 mg/kg PO q 8-12h. Cats are more likely to experience adverse effects than dogs.","fluids":"","formulations":"150, 200, and 250 mg capsules.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Mexiletine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs6 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Chronic pain caused by nerve injury:4-10 mg/kg PO q8h. Cats No safe dose has been established.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Mexiletine (Mexitil)","value":263},{"administration":"Injection. Can combine with ketamine in same syringe. Dilute in saline for CRI infusions. CSS-IV.","adverseEffects":"The most common adverse effect is respiratory depression. Can cause anxiety or excitement in dogs. Use with caution in hepatic and renal insufficiency or glaucoma.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Versed","bsa":"","calc":"Midazolam","calcID":"Midazolam2","canine_dose":"0.1-0.25 mg/kg IV or IM. 0.1-0.3 mg/kg/h IV infusion. Status epilepticus:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV bolus or 0.2 mg/kg administered intranasal in a 5 mg/ml solution. Oral administration:midazolam syrup (2 mg/ml), 0.5-0.75 mg/kg for sedation (dose extrapolated from pediatric use).","canineDosage":"Sedation/restraint:0.1 mg/kg IV combined with ketamine 3 mg/kg, or combined with butorphanol 0.1-0.5 mg/kg, or combined with hydromorphone 0.05-0.2 mg/kgPremedication for anesthesia:0.1-0.3 mg/kg SQ, IM, IVStatus epilepticus:0.1-0.3 mg/kg IM or IV, or 0.2-1.0 mg/kg intranasally, or 0.05-0.5 mg/kg as a CRI","catdose":"","category":"Anticonvulsant Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":5,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugName":"Midazolam","feline_dose":"Sedation:0.05 mg/kg IV. Induction of anesthesia:0.3-0.6 mg/kg IV combined with 3 mg/kg of ketamine. (Additional doses of ketamine at 1-2 mg/kg can be administered as needed.)","felineDosage":"Premedication for anesthesia:0.1-0.3 mg/kg SQ, IM, IVStatus epilepticus:0.1-0.3 mg/kg IM or IV, or 0.2-0.5 mg/kg intranasally","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"5 mg/ml injection. Midazolam intranasal spray (Nayzilam)single-dose 5 mg/0.1 ml spray. Midazolam oral syrupcherry-flavored syrup for children in a concentration of 2 mg/ml.","hide":"","index":96,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"PigsUp to 0.5 mg/kg IM, usually in combination with ketamine. HorsesNeonatal seizures in foals:0.1-0.2 mg/kg (5-10 mg per foal) IV over 15-20 minutes or IM followed by 3 mg/h IV (range, 2-6 ml/h) CRI to control seizures. The infusion dose is prepared by adding 10 ml (5 mg/ml) to 100 ml of saline to make a solution of 0.5 mg/ml. Anesthetic adjunct in horses:0.1 mg/kg IV administered with ketamine (2.2 mg/kg) or other anesthetics (e.g., xylazine). Sheep0.5 mg/kg IV or IM for short-term sedation.","name":"Midazolam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV, IM, Intranasal","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.25 mg/kg IV or IM. 0.1-0.3 mg/kg/h IV infusion. Status epilepticus:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV bolus or 0.2 mg/kg administered intranasal in a 5 mg/ml solution. Oral administration:midazolam syrup (2 mg/ml), 0.5-0.75 mg/kg for sedation (dose extrapolated from pediatric use). CatsSedation:0.05 mg/kg IV. Induction of anesthesia:0.3-0.6 mg/kg IV combined with 3 mg/kg of ketamine. (Additional doses of ketamine at 1-2 mg/kg can be administered as needed.)","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Midazolam (Versed)","value":265},{"administration":"Available as an orphan drug (capsules) in the United States; may be difficult for veterinarians to obtain.","adverseEffects":"Vomiting and diarrhea are very common. Contraindicated in pregnancy. Use with caution in hepatic insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Milteforan, Impavido","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Leishmaniasis:2 mg/kg PO q24h concurrently with allopurinol × 28 days.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Miltefosine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q24h with allopurinol × 28 days","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Miltefosine (Milteforan, Impavido)","value":266},{"administration":"Capsules, oral suspension. Give on an empty stomach if possible, but can give with nondairy food to minimize GI upset if necessary. Follow capsule with at least 6 ml of liquid to ensure passage to through the esophagus.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events are usually GI, but minocycline also may cause elevation in hepatic enzymes or hyperthermia (cats), and is a photosensitizing agent. Relative contraindication in pregnancy and animals <6 months old. Used as a replacement for doxycycline for economic reasons. Urinary concentrations are low; not recommended for treating UTI.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Minocin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5 mg/kg q12h PO is sufficient in most dogs. For higher MIC values, administer 10 mg/kg twice daily, but the higher dosage is more likely to produce vomiting. If IV administration is used, reduce dose by half compared with the oral dose.","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:7-12.5 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50 mg","perml":"cap","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"75 mg","perml":"cap","value":75,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":7.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"8.8 mg/kg (or 50 mg per cat) PO once daily.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:8-12.5 mg/kg PO q12h, or 50 mg/CAT PO q24h followed by at least 6 ml of liquid","fluids":"","formulations":"50, 75, and 100 mg tablets and capsules and 10 mg/ml flavored oral suspension. Vials for injection should be reconstituted in 5 ml and then diluted in 500-1000 ml for IV infusion. Solution may be stored at room temperature for 24 hours. Delayed-release tablets (Solodyn):45, 90, 135 mg tablets. (These are human tablets, and it is not known if these have delayed-release properties in animals.)","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses4-5 mg/kg q12h PO or 2.2 mg/kg q12h IV. Precautionary Information Adverse Reactions and Side Effects The most common adverse effect from administration of minocycline has been GI problems, primarily vomiting and nausea. The GI effects are more likely as the dose is increased from 5 to 10 mg/kg. Otherwise, it has been used safely in experimental animals without adverse effects, and there are no clinical reports of serious injury. As with any oral tetracycline, changes in intestinal microflora could increase risk of diarrhea in some animals. Rapid IV injection has been associated with adverse events in people, but when administered intravenously to dogs, horses, and cats, no adverse events were observed. Contraindications and Precautions No specific precautions have been reported for animals. Tetracyclines are not administered for multiple doses to young children because of risk of teeth staining, and this may also apply to animals. It has been used in foals with no reported problems.Drug Interactions Oral absorption may be affected by oral products that contain cations, such as calcium, aluminum, iron, and magnesium. No other drug interactions have been reported in animals.","multiply":"","name":"Minocycline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5 mg/kg q12h PO is sufficient in most dogs. For higher MIC values, administer 10 mg/kg twice daily, but the higher dosage is more likely to produce vomiting. If IV administration is used, reduce dose by half compared with the oral dose. Cats8.8 mg/kg (or 50 mg per cat) PO once daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Minocycline (Minocin)","value":267},{"administration":"Tablets and orally disintegrating tablets (disintegrating tablets are difficult to fraction). Compounding pharmacists may prepare transdermal gels.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events include sedation and increase in liver enzymes. Do not administer to patients that have received an MAO inhibitor in the previous 14 days. Combination with serotonergic medications (e.g., tramadol, fluoxetine) can cause serotonin syndrome. Dosage reduction may be required in hepatic and renal failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Remeron","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO. Generally in the range of 3.75-7.5 mg per dog daily PO.","canineDosage":"Appetite stimulant:1.1-1.3 mg/kg PO q24h, not to exceed 30 mg/DOG per day.","catdose":0.25,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"7.5 mg","perml":"tab","value":7.5,"id":1},{"name":"15 mg","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":2},{"name":"30 mg","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":3},{"name":"45 mg","perml":"tab","value":45,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":1,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1.5,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1.9 mg per cat PO. Doses have ranged from 3.75-7.5 mg per cat per day PO (one fourth to one half of a 15 mg tablet). In healthy cats, it can be administered once daily. In cats with chronic kidney disease, increase the interval to q48h. Transdermal formulations:Apply a 1.5-inch ribbon of ointment (approximately 2 mg/cat or 0.5 mg/kg) on the inner pinna of the cat’s ear once daily for 14 days.","felineDosage":"Appetite stimulant:1.88 mg/CAT PO q 24-48h initially; can increase dose to 3.75 mg/CAT PO q24h prn, or 7.5 mg/CAT transdermally q24h. Reduce dose by 30%-50% for renal impairment.","fluids":"","formulations":"15, 30, and 45 mg tablets. There is also a rapidly disintegrating tablet in these sizes that dissolves easily in a pet’s mouth. Transdermal formulation:Each gram of ointment contains 20 mg of mirtazapine (2%), supplied in a 5-g tube containing 100 mg (0.1 g) of mirtazapine.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are available.","multiply":"","name":"Mirtazapine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Also a Transdermal (Cats)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO. Generally in the range of 3.75-7.5 mg per dog daily PO. Cats1.9 mg per cat PO. Doses have ranged from 3.75-7.5 mg per cat per day PO (one fourth to one half of a 15 mg tablet). In healthy cats, it can be administered once daily. In cats with chronic kidney disease, increase the interval to q48h. Transdermal formulations:Apply a 1.5-inch ribbon of ointment (approximately 2 mg/cat or 0.5 mg/kg) on the inner pinna of the cat’s ear once daily for 14 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Mirtazapine (Remeron)","value":268},{"administration":"Tablets; may give with food to minimize GI upset.","adverseEffects":"The most common adverse effect is GI upset. Contraindicated in pregnancy. Do not use in households with pregnant women.","alternatenames":"","appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Cytotec","bsa":"","calc":"Misoprostol","calcID":"Misoprostol2","canine_dose":"2-5 mcg/kg q12h PO. Atopic dermatitis:5 mcg/kg q8h PO.","canineDosage":"GI protectant with NSAID therapy:2-7.5 mcg/kg PO q 8-12h","category":"Gastrointestinal","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"vol":"","id":1},{"name":"200 mcg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"vol":"","id":2}],"decimal":2,"dosage":"","dosemax":5,"dosemin":2,"doseper":3,"dosevalue":3,"drugcategory":"","drugName":"Misoprostol","feline_dose":"2-4 mcg/kg q12h PO Induce abortion:200 mcg per cat q12h PO until abortion begins, administered with aglepristone or mifepristone. Higher doses can induce abortion when administered alone but with more frequent and more severed adverse effects.","felineDosage":"GI protectant with NSAID therapy:2-5 mcg/kg PO q 8-12h","formulations":"0.1 mg (100-mcg) and 0.2 mg (200-mcg) tablets.","hide":"","index":33,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses5 mcg/kg q12h PO.","name":"Misoprostol Cytotec","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mcg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2-5 mcg/kg q12h PO. Atopic dermatitis:5 mcg/kg q8h PO. Cats2-4 mcg/kg q12h PO Induce abortion:200 mcg per cat q12h PO until abortion begins, administered with aglepristone or mifepristone. Higher doses can induce abortion when administered alone but with more frequent and more severed adverse effects.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","title":"Misoprostol (Cytotec)","value":269,"dosestep":0.5},{"administration":"Tablets. Give with a fatty meal. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements. Owner should wear gloves when handling.","adverseEffects":"The most common adverse effects are lethargy, ataxia, weakness, and GI upset; should be stopped immediately if these signs occur and ACTH stimulation test performed. Use with extreme caution in patients with DM or hepatic failure. Do not use in households with pregnant women. Dosage form greatly affects bioavailability. Suspensions in oil are ≈40× more bioavailable than solid tablets.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lysodren, o,p'-DDD","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"PDH:50 mg/kg/day (in divided doses) PO for 5-10 days; then 50-70 mg/kg/wk PO for long-term maintenance. Adrenal tumor:50-75 mg/kg/day (in divided doses) for 10 days; then every other day for 40 days. There may be follow-up maintenance treatment with 75-100 mg/kg/wk PO.","canineDosage":"Hyperadrenocorticism:Induction phase—30-50 mg/kg/d PO with a meal q24h or divided q12h until induction is achieved (≈5-10 days, based on ACTH stimulation testing). Maintenance dose—35-50 mg/kg/wk in 2-3 divided doses","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":500,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":50,"dosemin":25,"doseper":50,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":50,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"25-50 mg/kg/day induction followed by 25-50 mg/kg/wk for maintenance. However, it is not recommended by most experts because of poor response. Use trilostane instead.","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"500 mg tablets but has become unavailable in some countries.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Mitotane","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsPDH:50 mg/kg/day (in divided doses) PO for 5-10 days; then 50-70 mg/kg/wk PO for long-term maintenance. Adrenal tumor:50-75 mg/kg/day (in divided doses) for 10 days; then every other day for 40 days. There may be follow-up maintenance treatment with 75-100 mg/kg/wk PO. Cats25-50 mg/kg/day induction followed by 25-50 mg/kg/wk for maintenance. However, it is not recommended by most experts because of poor response. Use trilostane instead.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Mitotane (Lysodren, o,p'-DDD)","value":270,"dogWarning":"Monitor for hypoadrenocorticism. Stop immediately if vomiting, diarrhea, or lethargy occur."},{"administration":"Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are dose dependent GI upset, hepatotoxicity, and myelosuppression. Neutropenia nadir usually occurs at about 10 days. Seizures have occurred in cats. Avoid extravasation. Use with caution in patients with myelosuppression, concurrent infection, hyperuricemia or hyperuricuria, and impaired hepatic function.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Novantrone","bsa":true,"calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5-5.5 mg/m2 IV every 21 days and up to 6 mg/m2 if dogs tolerate it well.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:5-6 mg/m2 IV once q 3 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":6,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"6-6.5 mg/m2 IV every 21 days.","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:5-6.25 mg/m2 IV once q 3 weeks","fluids":"","formulations":"2 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Mitoxantrone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-5.5 mg/m2 IV every 21 days and up to 6 mg/m2 if dogs tolerate it well. Cats6-6.5 mg/m2 IV every 21 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Mitoxantrone (Novantrone)","value":271},{"administration":"Capsules, compounded oral suspension, injection. Injection diluted with D5W for slow IV infusion over 2 hours (never bolus). Infusion incompatible with other drugs.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects usually include GI upset and hemorrhagic diarrhea. Myelosuppression is also possible. Reduce dosage in severe renal impairment. Avoid combination with azathioprine due to similar mechanism of action.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cellcept, MMF","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"10 mg/kg q8h PO or 20 mg/kg q8-12h PO. (Higher doses may be needed for clinical effects, but as the dose is increased, adverse effects are more common.)","canineDosage":"Immunosuppression:6-15 mg/kg IV or PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250 mg/","perml":"cap","value":250,"id":1},{"name":"500 mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"180 mg/","perml":"tab","value":180,"id":3},{"name":"360 mg/","perml":"tab","value":360,"id":4},{"name":"200 mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":5},{"name":"500 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":500,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":2,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"No effective dose has been defined. A common dosage is 10 mg/kg q12h PO ≤15 mg/kg q8h, but it did not produce effects on immune cells at this dosage. At dosages less than 15 mg/kg q12h, it has been tolerated in cats, but at higher doses, GI problems are more common.","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats (limited metabolism).","fluids":"","formulations":"250 and 500 mg capsules, 500 mg tablets; 200 mg/ml oral suspension (fruit flavor). For IV use, reconstitute the vial of mycophenolate powder with 5% dextrose in water to a concentration of 6 mg/ml. Administer over 2 hours slowly. Compounded formulation:A 50 mg/ml oral suspension may be made with mycophenolate mofetil capsules mixed with Ora-Plus and cherry syrup. Mix six 250 mg capsules with 7.5 ml of Ora-Plus and stir to a uniform paste. Add 15 ml of cherry syrup in incremental proportions and transfer to a bottle for dispensing. There should be sufficient cherry syrup added to make a total volume of 30 ml. Shake well before using. It is stable during storage for 210 days at 5°C, for 28 days at 25°C-37°C, and for 11 days at 45°C.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal dose has been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Mycophenolate mofetil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs10 mg/kg q8h PO or 20 mg/kg q8-12h PO. (Higher doses may be needed for clinical effects, but as the dose is increased, adverse effects are more common.)CatsNo effective dose has been defined. A common dosage is 10 mg/kg q12h PO ≤15 mg/kg q8h, but it did not produce effects on immune cells at this dosage. At dosages less than 15 mg/kg q12h, it has been tolerated in cats, but at higher doses, GI problems are more common.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Mycophenolate mofetil (Cellcept, MMF)","value":273},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated; however, hyperalgesia may occur when opioids are reversed. Rapid opioid reversal may result in tachycardia, blood pressure changes, ventricular arrhythmias, pulmonary edema, and seizures. Does not work orally due to large first-pass effect.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Narcan","bsa":"","calc":"Naloxone","calcID":"Naloxone2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Opioid reversal:0.01-0.04 mg/kg IV, IM, SQ; duration of action is 45-90 minutes; repeat as needed for opioids with long half-lives","catdose":"","category":"Other Narcotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":0.4,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.01,"drugName":"Naloxone","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Opioid reversal:0.01-0.04 mg/kg IV, IM, SQ; duration of action is 45-90 minutes; repeat prnPostanesthetic hyperthermia:0.01 mg/kg IM or SQ","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":123,"indication":"Opioid Reversal","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV (duration of effect is only 20 minutes).","multiply":3,"name":"Naloxone HCL","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"0.01-0.04 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ as needed to reverse opiate. A full antagonist dose is 0.04 mg/kg.Low dose to partially reverse dysphoric reaction:Administer 1 ml every 30 seconds (0.04 mg/ml solution) as needed.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Naloxone (Narcan)","tracheal":true,"trachID":"NaloxoneT","value":274},{"administration":"Tablets, injection","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated; however, hyperalgesia may occur when opioids are reversed. Contraindicated in hepatic insufficiency. Negates antitussive effect of opioids.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Trexan, ReVia","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"For behavior problems:2.2 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Opioid antagonism:0.0025-0.003 mg/kg IVBehavioral disorders:2-5 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":3,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2.2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2.2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:25-50 mg/CAT PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"50 mg tablets. Vivitrol for humans is an encapsulated microsphere that can be injected to produce a long-lasting effect (one injection per month) to treat opioid use disorder. One vial contains 380 mg in microspheres in a 4-ml injection for IM use.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesCrib biting:0.04 mg/kg IV or SQ. (Because injectable formulations are not available, it must be compounded for this indication.) Duration of effect is 1-7 hours. For reversal of opiates:100 mg/animal IV or SQ. (Because injectable formulations are not available, it must be compounded for this indication.)","multiply":"","name":"Naltrexone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q12h","small_animal_dosage":"DogsFor behavior problems:2.2 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Naltrexone (Trexan, ReVia)","value":275},{"administration":"Oral solution; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Ototoxicity (especially cats) and nephrotoxicity are not high risk after oral administration; however, these may occur if intestinal disease is present and neomycin is systemically absorbed. Avoid in azotemic patients.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Biosol, Neomix","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hepatic encephalopathy:10-20 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":500,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hepatic encephalopathy:10-20 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","fluids":"","formulations":"500 mg bolus, 50 mg/ml (equivalent to 35 mg/ml of neomycin base) and 200 mg/ml oral liquid (equivalent to 140 mg/ml of neomycin base), and 325 mg soluble powder (equivalent to 20.3 g/oz of neomycin base).","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Calves, Sheep, Goats, andPigs22 mg/kg/day PO.","multiply":"","name":"Neomycin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q8-12h","small_animal_dosage":"10-20 mg/kg q6-12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Neomycin (Biosol, Neomix)","value":276},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in peritonitis, intestinal or urinary tract obstructions. Use with caution in patients with epilepsy, peptic ulcer disease, bronchial asthma, cardiac arrhythmias, hyperthyroidism, vagotonia, or megacolon. Adverse muscarinic effects can be reversed with atropine.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Prostigmin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Myasthenia gravis:0.01-0.05 mg/kg IM, SQ q6h or prn","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.5,"id":1},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.02,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Myasthenia gravis:0.01-0.05 mg/kg IM, SQ q6h or prn","fluids":"","formulations":"bromide15 mg tablets, and neostigmine methylsulfate0.25, 0.5, and 1 mg/ml injections.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"When used as a treatment for neuromuscular blocking agents (cholinesterase inhibitor), the frequency of administration is determined by clinical response. Horses0.02-0.04 mg/kg (20-40 mcg/kg) IV or SQ. It may be delivered by constant-rate infusion at a dosage of 0.008 mg/kg/h. Cattle22 mcg/kg (0.022 mg/kg) SQ. Sheep22-33 mcg/kg (0.022-0.033 mg/kg) SQ.Swine44-66 mcg/kg (0.044-0.066 mg/kg) IM. RuminantsStimulate rumen motility:0.02 mg/kg IM or SQ.","multiply":"","name":"Neostigmine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, SQ q6h or prn","small_animal_dosage":"2 mg/kg per day PO in divided doses. Antimyasthenic treatment:10 mcg/kg IM or SQ as needed. (Not recommended for long-term treatment.) Antidote for neuromuscular blockade:40 mcg/kg IM or SQ. Diagnostic aid for myasthenia:40 mcg/kg IM or 20 mcg/kg IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Neostigmine (Prostigmin)","value":277},{"administration":"Tablets and capsules","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in liver disease and gastric ulcers. Generally well tolerated, but adverse effects may include anorexia, vomiting, diarrhea, and lethargy. Hepatic enzyme elevation may occur. Do not confuse with niacin.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"nicotinamide, vitamin B3","bsa":"","calc":"Niacinamide","calcID":"Niacinamide2","canine_dose":"500 mg of niacinamide q8h PO plus 500 mg of tetracycline. This dosage is approximate based on a 10-kg dog. Eventually taper dosage to q12h and then to q24h. For dogs less than 10 kg, start with 250 mg of each drug.","canineDosage":"Immune-mediated dermatopathies (in combination with doxycycline):Empirically dosed, <5 kg—100 mg/DOG PO q8h; 5-10 kg—250 mg/DOG PO q8h; >10 kg—500 mg/DOG PO q8h","catdose":50,"category":"Vitamin","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg","perml":"tab/cap","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"500mg","perml":"tab/cap","value":500,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":250,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":500,"dosemin":50,"doseper":250,"dosestep":50,"dosevalue":250,"drugName":"Niacinamide","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"50, 100, 125, 250, and 500 mg tablets (OTC) and 100 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":137,"large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are reported.","multiply":"","name":"Niacinamide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/dog or mg/cat","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs500 mg of niacinamide q8h PO plus 500 mg of tetracycline. This dosage is approximate based on a 10-kg dog. Eventually taper dosage to q12h and then to q24h. For dogs less than 10 kg, start with 250 mg of each drug.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Niacinamide (nicotinamide, vitamin B3)","value":278},{"administration":"Capsules; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, peripheral neuropathy, pulmonary hypersensitivity reactions, hepatopathy, and neurotoxicity (rare). Contraindicated in renal impairment.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Macrodantin, Macrobid","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible urinary infection:4 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25 mg","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg","perml":"cap","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100 mg","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":4,"dosemax":5,"dosevalue":4.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible urinary infection:4 mg/kg PO q8h","fluids":"","formulations":"Macrodantin and generic brands are available in 25, 50, and 100 mg capsules (macrocrystalline), and Furalan, Furantoin, and generic brands are available in 50 and 100 mg tablets (microcrystalline). Furadantin5 mg/ml oral suspension.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses2 mg/kg q8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Nitrofurantoin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"4 mg/kg q8h, PO, or 2 mg/kg q6h PO. (Macrocrystalline formulation administered with food preferred.) For comparison, the dose used in people is 0.7 mg/kg (50 mg) q6h PO or 1.4 mg/kg (100 mg) q8h PO, for no longer than 5 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Nitrofurantoin (Macrodantin, Macrobid)","value":279},{"administration":"Capsules; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset and keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Use with caution in animals with renal disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Dipentum","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"IBD:5-20 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":250,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use is not described for cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"500 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses are reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Olsalazine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q8h, *Not desciribed in cats*","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Olsalazine (Dipentum)","value":288},{"administration":"Tablets and capsules OTC, or compounded into oral suspensions. Give 30 minutes before a meal.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but may cause GI upset, CNS disturbance, hematologic abnormalities, or proteinuria. Dosage may need to be reduced in patients with severe hepatic or renal disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"GastroGard, UlcerGard, Prilosec","bsa":"","calc":"Omeprazole","calcID":"Omeprazole2","canine_dose":"20 mg per dog q24h PO or 1-2 mg/kg q24h PO. For a more consistent acid-suppressing effect, administer q12h instead of q24h.","canineDosage":"Proton pump inhibitor antacid:0.7-1.5 mg/kg PO q12h; doses up to 2 mg/kg q12h can be used","catdose":"0.7","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"370mg/","perml":"gram-paste","value":370,"id":1},{"name":"8mg/","perml":"ml","value":8,"id":2},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"cap","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"cap","value":40,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"0.7","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.7,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.7,"drugName":"Omeprazole","feline_dose":"1 mg/kg q24h PO. For a more consistent acid-suppressing effect, administer q12h instead of q24h.","felineDosage":"Proton pump inhibitor antacid:0.5-1.5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","hasfelineDose":"false","formulations":"Human formulations:20 mg generic capsules. Zegerid is available either as 40- or 20 mg capsules with 1100 mg of sodium bicarbonate. Zegerid is also available either as 40 mg or 20 mg single-dose packets of powder for oral suspension with 1680 mg of sodium bicarbonate. Equine paste, GastroGard. The over-the-counter equine paste is UlcerGard. Paste for horses is 370 mg/g of paste in a buffered formulation to prevent degradation in the stomach. Gastrozol is an enteric-coated formulation in a paste for horses available in Australia but is not approved in the United States.","hide":"","index":39,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreating ulcers:4 mg/kg once daily for 4 weeks PO. Twice-daily administration may be more effective than once-daily administration for ulcers not responding to once-daily treatment. There is some evidence that 1-2 mg/kg is as effective for treatment as a higher dose. Preventing ulcers:1-2 mg/kg q24h PO. (1 mg/kg was effective for prevention in studies performed in horses.) IV use (if a formulation is available):Loading dose of 1 mg/kg followed by 0.5 mg/kg per day for 14-28 days.RuminantsOral absorption may not be high enough for effective therapy.","multiply":"","name":"Omeprazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs20 mg per dog q24h PO or 1-2 mg/kg q24h PO. For a more consistent acid-suppressing effect, administer q12h instead of q24h. Cats1 mg/kg q24h PO. For a more consistent acid-suppressing effect, administer q12h instead of q24h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Omeprazole (GastroGard, UlcerGard, Prilosec)","value":289},{"administration":"Tablets, disintegrating tablets, injection, or compounded into transdermal gel. Dilute in saline and give over 2-15 minutes when giving IV injection.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated but sedation, constipation, tremors, and arrhythmias reported. May prolong QT interval; use cautiously in animals with heart disease and with other arrhythmogenic drugs. Dosage reduction may be required in severe hepatic dysfunction. Avoid use in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation.","alternatenames":"","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Zofran","bsa":"","calc":"Ondansetron","calcID":"Ondansetron2","canine_dose":"During cancer chemotherapy:0.5-1 mg/kg IV or SQ 30 minutes prior to administration of cancer drugs intravenously. Vomiting from other causes:0.1-0.2 mg/kg slow IV injection and repeated q6-12h. If this dosage is initially ineffective, it may be increased to 0.5 mg/kg. Oral administration:Although an oral form is available, oral absorption is low in dogs (less than 10%), which may compromise the effectiveness.","canineDosage":"Antiemetic:0.5-1 mg/kg PO or IV (slowly over 2-15 minutes) q 8-12h; avoid use in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation","category":"Gastrointestinal","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":4,"concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"vol":"","id":1},{"name":"4 mg/","perml":"tab","selected":"selected","value":4,"vol":"","id":2},{"name":"8 mg/","perml":"tab","value":8,"vol":"","id":3}],"decimal":2,"dosage":"","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.5,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugcategory":"","drugName":"Ondansetron","feline_dose":"Cat dosages are similar to those for dogs:0.5 mg/kg q8h SQ, IV, or PO. A dose of 2 mg per cat is common (half a tablet for the oral formulation), administered q8h. Reduce to twice daily in cats with liver disease. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Administer 0.5 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 0.5 mg/kg/h IV infusion.","felineDosage":"Antiemetic:0.1-1 mg/kg IV (slowly), SQ, IM, or PO q 6-12h","formulations":"4- and 8 mg tablets, 4 mg/5-ml flavored syrup, and 2 mg/ml injection. Ondansetron is not absorbed in cats when administered as a transdermal formulation.","hide":"","index":38,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dosing information is available.","name":"Ondansetron","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"DogsDuring cancer chemotherapy:0.5-1 mg/kg IV or SQ 30 minutes prior to administration of cancer drugs intravenously. Vomiting from other causes:0.1-0.2 mg/kg slow IV injection and repeated q6-12h. If this dosage is initially ineffective, it may be increased to 0.5 mg/kg. Oral administration:Although an oral form is available, oral absorption is low in dogs (less than 10%), which may compromise the effectiveness. CatsCat dosages are similar to those for dogs:0.5 mg/kg q8h SQ, IV, or PO. A dose of 2 mg per cat is common (half a tablet for the oral formulation), administered q8h. Reduce to twice daily in cats with liver disease. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Administer 0.5 mg/kg IV loading dose followed by 0.5 mg/kg/h IV infusion.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","title":"Ondansetron (Zofran)","value":290,"dogdose":"0.5","catdose":"0.5","hasfelineDose":"false","dosestep":0.1},{"administration":"Tablets; give with food (no iron, dairy, or antacids).","adverseEffects":"Can cause GI upset or retinal lesions in cats (less likely than enrofloxacin). May lower seizure threshold. Use with caution in hepatic dysfunction. Avoid in rapidly growing animals.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Orbax","bsa":"","calc":"Orbifloxacin","calcID":"Orbifloxacin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:2.5 mg/kg-7.5 mg/kg, PO q24h","catdose":7.5,"category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5.7mg/","perml":"tab","value":5.7,"id":1},{"name":"22.7mg/","perml":"tab","value":22.7,"id":2},{"name":"30mg/","perml":"ml","value":30,"id":3},{"name":"68mg/","perml":"tab","value":68,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":2.5,"dogtext":"","dosemax":7.5,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":2.5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugName":"Orbifloxacin","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:2.5 mg/kg-7.5 mg/kg, PO q24h","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"5.7, 22.7, and 68 mg tablets. Oral suspension (malt flavor) is 30 mg/ml.","hide":"","index":81,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses5 mg/kg q24h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Orbifloxacin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Tablets:2.5-7.5 mg/kg q24h PO. Suspension in cats:7.5 mg/kg (1 ml/kg) q24h PO. Suspension in dogs:2.5-7.5 mg/kg q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Orbifloxacin (Orbax)","value":291},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, hypersensitivity, KCS, and crystalluria. Use with caution in Doberman pinschers due to idiosyncratic polyarthritis.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Primor","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:55 mg/kg PO once, then 27.5 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"120 mg/","perml":"tab","value":120,"id":1},{"name":"240 mg/","perml":"tab","value":240,"id":2},{"name":"600 mg/","perml":"tab","value":600,"id":3},{"name":"1200 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1200,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":55,"dosemin":27.5,"doseper":27.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":27.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Coccidiosis:60 mg/kg PO q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q24h","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ormetoprim-sulfadimethoxine (Primor)","value":292},{"administration":"Capsules and oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Not effective if used >40 hours after onset of signs. Use in dogs is controversial. Adverse effects include GI upset and ataxia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Tamiflu","bsa":"","calc":"Oseltamivir","calcID":"Oseltamivir2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Canine influenza:2 mg/kg PO q12h for 5 days","catdose":"","category":"Antiviral","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"concSelect":[{"name":"30mg/","perml":"cap","value":30,"id":1},{"name":"45mg/","perml":"cap","value":45,"id":2},{"name":"75mg/","perml":"cap","value":75,"id":3},{"name":"6mg/","perml":"ml","value":6,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"2","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"drugName":"Oseltamivir","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use is not described for cats.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":161,"infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Oseltamivir","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span> PO, BID x 5 days","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Oseltamivir (Tamiflu)","value":293},{"administration":"Injections (tablets and suppository not used in animals). Injections may be difficult to obtain as many manufacturers have stopped producing. CSS-II.","adverseEffects":"Can cause respiratory and CNS depression, hypotension, sedation, bradycardia, hyperexcitability (cats), panting (dogs); reverse with naloxone.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Numorphan","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Analgesia:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, SQ, or IM (as needed); redose with 0.05-0.1 mg/kg q1-2h. A dosage of 0.25 mg/kg SQ q6h may be used for less severe pain. Preanesthetic:0.025-0.05 mg/kg IM or SQ. Sedation:0.05-0.2 mg/kg (with or without acepromazine) IM or SQ.","canineDosage":"Preanesthesia:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM, SQ; 0.05-0.22 mg/kg IVAnalgesia:0.05-0.2 mg/kg IV, IM, SQ q 2-4h prn","catdose":0.05,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":3},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":5},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.1,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.02,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.03 mg/kg bolus IV followed by 0.02 mg/kg q2h or CRI with a loading dose of 5 mcg/kg followed by a 5-mcg/kg/h infusion.","felineDosage":"Analgesia:0.01-0.05 mg/kg IV, IM, SQ q 2-4h prn","fluids":"","formulations":"1.5 and 1 mg/ml injections. Oral forms:5 and 10 mg tablets are available but have not been shown to be absorbed in animals.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Oxymorphone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV, IM, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnalgesia:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, SQ, or IM (as needed); redose with 0.05-0.1 mg/kg q1-2h. A dosage of 0.25 mg/kg SQ q6h may be used for less severe pain. Preanesthetic:0.025-0.05 mg/kg IM or SQ. Sedation:0.05-0.2 mg/kg (with or without acepromazine) IM or SQ. Cats0.03 mg/kg bolus IV followed by 0.02 mg/kg q2h or CRI with a loading dose of 5 mcg/kg followed by a 5-mcg/kg/h infusion.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Oxymorphone (Numorphan)","value":294},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated but contraindicated with uterine or vaginal obstruction or abnormal fetus presentation. Correct hypoglycemia or hypocalcemia before use.","appendose":"Units","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Pitocin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5-20 units per dog IM or SQ (repeat every 30 minutes for primary inertia). Note:The manufacturer’s label lists higher doses of 5-30 units per dog. To facilitate milk letdown in the early stages of lactation:2-5 units per dog IM administered 15-30 minutes prior to nursing.","canineDosage":"Induction of labor:mini doses:0.25-0.5 units/DOG q 15-30 minutesInduction of lactation:2-10 units/DOG IM or intranasally","catdose":2.5,"catmax":3,"catmin":0.25,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 units/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20 units/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":5,"dogmax":20,"dogmin":5,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5-3 units per cat IM or IV. Repeat up to three times every 30-60 minutes. (Maximum dose is 3 units/cat.)","felineDosage":"Induction of labor:mini doses:0.25-0.5 units/CAT q 15-30 minutes, or 2-5 units/CAT IV, IM, or SQ onceInduction of lactation:2-10 units/CAT IM, SQ, or intranasally once","fluids":"","formulations":"10 and 20-units/ml injection and 40-units/ml nasal solution.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Note:The following doses are all on a per-animal basis rather than a per-kilogram basis, and some doses from experts may vary from the approved label dose.CattleTo stimulate uterine contractions:30 units IM and repeat in 30 minutes if necessary. (Manufacturer lists 100 units per cow.) For retained placenta:20 units IM given immediately after calving and repeated in 2-4 hours. For milk letdown:10-20 units per cow IV or IM.MaresTo stimulate uterine contractions:20 units IM. (Manufacturer lists 100 units per mare.) For retained placenta:30-40 units IM at 60- to 90-minute intervals or add 80-100 units to 500 ml of saline solution and give IV. To suppress estrus behavior in mares:60 units per mare IM once or twice daily on days 7-14 post-ovulation.Small Ruminants and Sows5-10 units IM. (Manufacturer lists 30-50 units per animal.)","multiply":"","name":"Oxytocin","outputtext":"","perAnimal":true,"perkg":"IU/dog or IU/cat","perml":"units/ml","route":"IM, SQ, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-20 units per dog IM or SQ (repeat every 30 minutes for primary inertia). Note:The manufacturer’s label lists higher doses of 5-30 units per dog. To facilitate milk letdown in the early stages of lactation:2-5 units per dog IM administered 15-30 minutes prior to nursing. Cats2.5-3 units per cat IM or IV. Repeat up to three times every 30-60 minutes. (Maximum dose is 3 units/cat.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Oxytocin (Pitocin)","value":295},{"administration":"Injection. Must be diluted in 150-250 ml saline and administered over 2-4 hours for IV dosing.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include electrolyte imbalance and nephrotoxicity, especially if administered too rapidly. Use with caution in patients with impaired renal function. Use with caution in young or growing animals and in those animals healing from bone fracture.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Aredia","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Treatment for hypercalcemia:1-2 mg/kg IV or SQ. Treating malignant osteolytic disease:1-2 mg/kg IV every 28 days as a 2-hour IV infusion. Treatment of cholecalciferol toxicosis:1.3-2 mg/kg IV or SQ for two treatments after toxin exposure.","canineDosage":"Refractory hypercalcemia:1.3-2.3 mg/kg (diluted in 150-250 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride and administered IV over 2-4 hours). Can repeat as soon as 1 week prn (typically q 3-6 weeks).","catdose":1.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"30 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":30,"id":1},{"name":"90 mg/vial","perml":"vial","value":90,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":2,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.25,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Treatment of hypercalcemia:1-1.5 mg/kg IV.","felineDosage":"Refractory hypercalcemia:1.3-2.3 mg/kg (diluted in 150-250 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride and administered IV over 2-4 hours)","fluids":"","formulations":"30, 60, and 90 mg vials for injection and 1 mg/ml in single-use vials for injection.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"*Must be diluted in 150-250 ml saline and administered over 2-4 hours for IV dosing*","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Pamidronate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"DogsTreatment for hypercalcemia:1-2 mg/kg IV or SQ. Treating malignant osteolytic disease:1-2 mg/kg IV every 28 days as a 2-hour IV infusion. Treatment of cholecalciferol toxicosis:1.3-2 mg/kg IV or SQ for two treatments after toxin exposure. CatsTreatment of hypercalcemia:1-1.5 mg/kg IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pamidronate (Aredia)","value":296},{"administration":"Injection for IV use only; administer IV slowly over 15 minutes.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Diarrhea may occur. Hyperglycemia has also been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Protonix","bsa":"","calc":"Pantoprazole","calcID":"Pantoprazole2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Proton pump inhibitor antacid:0.7-1 mg/kg IV slowly (over 15 minutes) q24h","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"4mg/","perml":"ml","value":4,"id":1},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.7,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Pantoprazole","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Proton pump inhibitor antacid:0.7-1 mg/kg IV slowly (over 15 minutes) q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"20 and 40 mg delayed-release tablets. There are also granules for oral suspension (40 mg), which have been mixed with apple juice or applesauce for administration in people. Pantoprazole for IV use:Available as a 40 mg vial (diluted to 4 mg/ml). For IV infusion, reconstitute the 40 mg/kg vial with 10 ml of normal saline. Further dilute this solution with 100 ml of 5% dextrose, normal saline, or lactated Ringer’s solution to a final concentration of 0.4 mg/ml. To prepare a larger dose (80 mg), reconstitute two vials each with 10 ml of normal saline; combine the content of both vials; and further dilute with 80 ml of 5% dextrose, normal saline, or lactated Ringer’s solution to a final concentration of 0.8 mg/ml. Pantoprazole compounded oral suspension:To prepare a 2 mg/ml pantoprazole oral suspension, mix pantoprazole tablets with sterile water and sodium bicarbonate powder. Crush 40 tablets in a mortar and reduce to a fine powder. Mix in with 340 ml of sterile water. Next, add 16.8 g of sodium bicarbonate powder andstir (approximately 20 minutes) until the tablets are fully disintegrated. Then add another 16.8 g of sodium bicarbonate powder and stir again for 5 minutes until all the powder has dissolved. Add enough water to bring the final volume to 400 ml. Transfer the entire contents to an amber-colored bottle and store in a refrigerator. Label with a “shake well” label. This may be stable if stored in refrigerator for 62 days and administered at the doses listed.","hide":"","index":40,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose is reported for large animals. Doses have been extrapolated from human use (0.5 mg/kg q24h IV), and infusion protocols listed previously for small animals have been used.","multiply":"","name":"Pantoprazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV over 15min, SID,BID","small_animal_dosage":"0.5-0.6 mg/kg, up to 1 mg/kg, twice daily PO. IV administration (24 hours):0.5-1 mg/kg IV infusion over 24 hours. This dose may be delivered in 2 or 15 minutes (see next section). IV administration (2 or 15 minutes):First flush the IV line. Administer pantoprazole via an IV line with dextrose 5% injection, sodium chloride 0.9% injection, or Ringer’s lactate injection. For the 2-minute infusion, mix 40 mg of powder with 10 ml of sodium chloride 0.9% injection for a final concentration of 4 mg/ml. Infuse a 1 mg/kg dose over 2 minutes. For a 15-minute infusion, mix a 40 mg vial with 10 ml of sodium chloride 0.9% injection. Then further admix this solution with 100 ml of dextrose 5% injection, sodium chloride 0.9% injection, or Ringer’s lactate injection to a total volume of 110 ml, producing a solution with a final concentration of approximately 0.4 mg/ml. Administer the final dose (1 mg/kg) over 15 minutes.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pantoprazole (Protonix)","value":298},{"administration":"Tablets, oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Do not administer to patients who have received MAO inhibitors within the previous 14 days. Use with caution in patients with seizure disorders or severe cardiac, hepatic, or renal disease. If used in these conditions, dosages must be reduced. Adverse effects include lethargy, salivation, GI upset, anxiety, irritability, insomnia, hyperactivity, or panting. In cats, behavioral changes, anorexia, constipation, and changes in elimination patterns may occur.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Paxil","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 mg/kg/day PO. For some compulsive disorders, increase the dosage to 1 mg/kg q24h PO.","canineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:0.5-3 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":0.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":3},{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":4},{"name":"12.5 mg/","perml":"ER tab","value":12.5,"id":5},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"ER tab","value":25,"id":6},{"name":"37.5 mg/","perml":"ER tab","value":37.5,"id":7},{"name":"10 mg/5 ml","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":8}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":1,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.25,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"One eighth to one fourth of a 10 mg tablet per cat daily PO (approximately 0.5 mg/kg q24h). For urine spraying in cats, some have responded to every-other-day treatment.","felineDosage":"Behavioral disorders:0.25-1.25 mg/kg PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"10, 20, 30, and 40 mg tablets and 2 mg/ml oral suspension.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Paroxetine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 mg/kg/day PO. For some compulsive disorders, increase the dosage to 1 mg/kg q24h PO. CatsOne eighth to one fourth of a 10 mg tablet per cat daily PO (approximately 0.5 mg/kg q24h). For urine spraying in cats, some have responded to every-other-day treatment.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Paroxetine (Paxil)","value":299},{"administration":"Injection for IV use only. Administer slowly to avoid electrolyte imbalances.","adverseEffects":"Penicillin is generally well tolerated. Allergic reactions can occur. Large IV doses of penicillin potassium and sodium can cause electrolyte imbalances. Physically incompatible with many other drugs in solution.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"PfizerPen","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20,000-40,000 units/kg IV or IM q 4-8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 million IU/50 ml","perml":"ml","value":20000,"id":1},{"name":"2 million IU/50 ml","perml":"ml","value":40000,"id":2},{"name":"3 million IU/50 ml","perml":"ml","value":60000,"id":3},{"name":"5 million IU/vial","perml":"vial","value":5000,"id":4},{"name":"20 million IU/vial","perml":"vial","value":20000,"id":5}],"decimal":0,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":40000,"dosemin":20000,"doseper":20000,"dosestep":1000,"dosevalue":20000,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20,000-40,000 units/kg IV or IM q 4-8h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle andSheepProcaine penicillin G:22,000-66,000 units/kg q24h IM. SQ use is discouraged. Sodium or potassium penicillin G:20,000 units/kg IM or IV q6h. PigsProcaine penicillin G:15,000-25,000 units/kg q24h IM. HorsesPenicillin sodium or penicillin potassium:20,000-24,000 units/kg q6-8h IV. (Dosages up to 44,000 units/kg q6h have been used for refractory cases.) Procaine penicillin G:20,000-24,000 units/kg q24h IM. Potassium penicillin G:20,000-24,000 units/kg q12h IM. CRI:sodium penicillin G loading dose of 1.3 mg/kg followed by 2.5 mcg/kg/h CRI to achieve a target of 2 mcg/ml.","multiply":"","name":"Penicillin G potassium or sodium","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV or IM q 4-8h","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Penicillin G potassium or sodium (PfizerPen)","value":300},{"administration":"Injectable suspension. Shake vigorously before use, and never administer IV.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Allergic reactions may occur. Do not give IV. May cause injection site reactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Wycillin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20,000-40,000 units/kg IM, SQ q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"600,000 U/1","perml":"ml","value":600000,"id":1},{"name":"1.2 million U/2","perml":"ml","value":600000,"id":2},{"name":"300,000 U/","perml":"m","value":300000,"id":3}],"decimal":0,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":40000,"dosemin":20000,"doseper":20000,"dosestep":5000,"dosevalue":20000,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:20,000-40,000 units/kg IM, SQ q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle andSheepProcaine penicillin G:22,000-66,000 units/kg q24h IM. SQ use is discouraged. Sodium or potassium penicillin G:20,000 units/kg IM or IV q6h. PigsProcaine penicillin G:15,000-25,000 units/kg q24h IM. HorsesPenicillin sodium or penicillin potassium:20,000-24,000 units/kg q6-8h IV. (Dosages up to 44,000 units/kg q6h have been used for refractory cases.) Procaine penicillin G:20,000-24,000 units/kg q24h IM. Potassium penicillin G:20,000-24,000 units/kg q12h IM. CRI:sodium penicillin G loading dose of 1.3 mg/kg followed by 2.5 mcg/kg/h CRI to achieve a target of 2 mcg/ml.","multiply":"","name":"Penicillin G procaine","outputtext":"","perkg":"IU/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Penicillin G procaine (Wycillin)","value":301},{"administration":"Injection for IV use only. Avoid extravasation. When giving IV for induction of anesthesia, administertoof dose as bolus followed by slow infusion of the remainder to effect. Expensive. CSS-II.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include respiratory depression, hypothermia, and postanesthetic hyperexcitation. Contraindicated in severe liver disease, nephritis, or respiratory depression. Use with caution in hypovolemia, anemia, hypoadrenocorticism, or cardiac disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Nembutal","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Anesthesia:10-30 mg/kg IV slowly to effect Seizures:3-15 mg/kg IV slowly to effect","catdose":30,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":25,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":25,"doseper":25,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Anesthesia:10-30 mg/kg IV slowly to effectSeizures:3-15 mg/kg IV slowly to effect","fluids":"","formulations":"has been available in a 50 and 65 mg/ml solution for injection (contains propylene glycol). It has been available in 50 or 20 ml multiple-dose vials. Other excipients in the vial include propylene glycol and alcohol. The availability has been inconsistent from some suppliers, but it may be available from some veterinary distributors. Some manufacturers discontinued production because of objection to its use for lethal injection in a human execution protocol.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"CattleStanding sedation:1-2 mg/kg IV.Cattle, Sheep, and GoatsGeneral anesthesia:20-30 mg/kg IV given to effect.","multiply":"","name":"Pentobarbital","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"General anesthesia:25-30 mg/kg IV to effect. CRI:2-15 mg/kg IV to effect followed by 0.2-1 mg/kg/h. Status epilepticus:2-6 mg/kg IV (15-20 minutes may be needed to take full effect). Euthanasia:See Instructions for Use.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pentobarbital (Nembutal)","value":302},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but GI upset and CNS stimulation can occur. Use with caution in severe hepatic or renal impairment and in patients at risk for hemorrhage.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"PTX, Trental","bsa":"","calc":"Pentoxifylline","calcID":"Pentoxifylline2","canine_dose":"Dermatologic use:10 mg/kg q12h PO, up to 15 mg/kg q8h PO. Familial canine dermatomyositis:25 mg/kg q12h PO. Other uses:10-15 mg/kg q8 PO or 400 mg/dog for most animals.","canineDosage":"Inflammatory dermatoses or vasculitis:15-25 mg/kg PO q 8-12h or 30 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":15,"category":"Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":400,"decimal":2,"dogdose":10,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":25,"dosemin":10,"doseper":10,"dosestep":5,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Pentoxifylline","feline_dose":"One fourth of a 400 mg tablet per cat (100 mg) q8-12h PO.","felineDosage":"Inflammatory dermatoses or vasculitis:100 mg/CAT PO q12h","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"400 mg tablets. IV solution is 50 mg/ml.","hide":"","index":151,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses8.5 mg/kg q8h IV or 10 mg/kg q8h PO (oral absorption is unpredictable). Respiratory disease (airway obstruction):36 mg/kg q12h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Pentoxifylline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"tab","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsDermatologic use:10 mg/kg q12h PO, up to 15 mg/kg q8h PO. Familial canine dermatomyositis:25 mg/kg q12h PO. Other uses:10-15 mg/kg q8 PO or 400 mg/dog for most animals. CatsOne fourth of a 400 mg tablet per cat (100 mg) q8-12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pentoxifylline (PTX, Trental)","value":304},{"administration":"Capsules. Commercial product very expensive. USP-grade powder for compounding is less costly.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include hypotension, weakness/dizziness, GI upset, miosis, increased intraocular pressure, tachycardia, sodium retention and nasal congestion. Use with caution in patients with hypotension or CHF.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Dibenzyline","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.25 mg/kg q8-12h or 0.5 mg/kg q24h PO. For presurgical treatment of pheochromocytoma:0.6 mg/kg q12h (range is 1-2 mg/kg/day), given 2 weeks prior to surgery to stabilize blood pressure.","canineDosage":"Functional urethral outflow obstruction:0.25 mg/kg PO q12hPheochromocytoma:0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q12h then increased to effect up to a maximum of 2.5 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2 or 2.5 mg per cat q8-12h or 0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. Doses as high as 0.5 mg/kg IV have been used to relax urethral smooth muscle.","felineDosage":"Functional urethral outflow obstruction:2.5-7.5 mg/CAT PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses1 mg/kg q24h IV or 0.7 mg/kg q6h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Phenoxybenzamine HCl","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"q24h PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.25 mg/kg q8-12h or 0.5 mg/kg q24h PO. For presurgical treatment of pheochromocytoma:0.6 mg/kg q12h (range is 1-2 mg/kg/day), given 2 weeks prior to surgery to stabilize blood pressure. Cats2 or 2.5 mg per cat q8-12h or 0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. Doses as high as 0.5 mg/kg IV have been used to relax urethral smooth muscle.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Phenoxybenzamine HCl (Dibenzyline)","value":306},{"administration":"Flavored tablets. Oral liquids are available in Canada, but must be compounded in the United States.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated, but adverse effects include GI upset, anxiety, urine retention, tachycardia, and hypertension. Use with extreme caution in glaucoma, hyperthyroidism, DM, cardiovascular disorders, kidney insufficiency, or hypertension.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Proin","bsa":"","calc":"Phenylpropanolamine","calcID":"Phenylpropanolamine2","canine_dose":"Immediate-release formulation:1 mg/kg q8h PO. Increase dosage to 1.5-2 mg/kg q8h PO if necessary. In some animals, it may be possible to decrease frequency to q12h or q24h PO. ER formulation:2-4 mg/kg PO once daily.","canineDosage":"Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence:1-2 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"Other Urinary","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"75mg/","perml":"tab","value":75,"id":3},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"drugName":"Phenylpropanolamine","feline_dose":"No dosage has been determined. A dosage of 1 mg/kg q12h PO has been used (extrapolated from the canine use), and the dosage has been adjusted as needed.","felineDosage":"Urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence:1-2 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"PPA25, 50, and 75 mg flavored tablets; 25 mg vanilla-flavored liquid; and 50 mg scored tablets (veterinary preparations). Human formulations of 15, 25, 30, and 50 mg tablets are no longer available. PPA ER tablets are available in tablets of 18, 38, 74, and 145 mg. Do not split or crush the tablets Human formulations have been removed from the market.","hide":"","index":145,"large_animal_dosage":"No large animal dosage is available.","multiply":"","name":"Phenylpropanolamine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SID, BID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsImmediate-release formulation:1 mg/kg q8h PO. Increase dosage to 1.5-2 mg/kg q8h PO if necessary. In some animals, it may be possible to decrease frequency to q12h or q24h PO. ER formulation:2-4 mg/kg PO once daily. CatsNo dosage has been determined. A dosage of 1 mg/kg q12h PO has been used (extrapolated from the canine use), and the dosage has been adjusted as needed.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Phenylpropanolamine (Proin)","value":308},{"administration":"Tablets. Give on empty stomach.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated, but adverse effects include GI upset and worsening of arrhythmias. Contraindicated in conditions for which increased cardiac output poses risk.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Vetmedin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.25-0.3 mg/kg q12h PO. If administered with an ACE inhibitor, some dogs are managed on 0.125 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"CHF:0.25 mg/kg PO q12h, adjusted upward as indicated by clinical response","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1.25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":1.25,"id":1},{"name":"1.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1.5,"id":1},{"name":"2.5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1.25 mg/cat q12h PO (0.1-0.3 mg/kg q12h).","felineDosage":"CHF:0.25 mg/kg PO q12h, adjusted upward as indicated by clinical response","fluids":"","formulations":"chewable tablets of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg. In Europe, pimobendan2.5 and 5 mg capsules.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Pimobendan","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Divided BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.25-0.3 mg/kg q12h PO. If administered with an ACE inhibitor, some dogs are managed on 0.125 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats1.25 mg/cat q12h PO (0.1-0.3 mg/kg q12h).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pimobendan (Vetmedin)","value":310},{"administration":"Injection. Solutions for IV administration are typically diluted in a volume of 50 ml normal saline.","adverseEffects":"Reduce dosage (both dose and frequency) in renal impairment. Use with caution in patients with hypernatremia (high sodium content). Adverse effects include injection site reactions and hypersensitivity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Zosyn","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible bacterial sepsis:40-100 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.25 g/","perml":"vial","value":2250,"id":1},{"name":"3.375 g/","perml":"vial","value":3375,"id":2},{"name":"4.5 g/","perml":"vial","value":4500,"id":3},{"name":"40.5 g/","perml":"vial","value":40500,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":100,"dosemin":40,"doseper":50,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":50,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible bacterial sepsis:40-100 mg/kg IV over 30 minutes q 6-8h","fluids":"","formulations":"and tazobactam are typically in 8:1 ratio of piperacillin:tazobactam. Itvials containing 2 g of piperacillin and 0.25 g of tazobactam, 3 g of piperacillin and 0.375 g of tazobactam, or 4 g of piperacillin and 0.5 g of tazobactam. Vials are reconstituted with sterile water, 0.9% saline solution, or 5% dextrose in water and further diluted to desired volume for IV fluid administration. Preparation of IV infusion:To prepare the formulation for IV infusion, first remove 10 ml from a 50-ml infusion bag and use this volume to reconstitute a 2.25-g vial. Add the contents back to the 50-ml infusion bag to make a 45 mg/ml solution. Refrigerate it. This solution will expire in 7 days. Alternatively, remove 15 ml from a 100-ml bag and reconstitute a 3.375-g vial. Add the contents back to the infusion bag for a concentration of 33.75 mg/ml. Refrigerate. This expires 7 days after mixing.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"Reduce dosage (dose and frequency) if any renal impairment","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals, but doses similar to those cited for dogs or extrapolated from human use would likely reach the same targets in horses. Human dose is approximately 50 mg/kg IV, every 6 hours, delivered as a 30-minute infusion.","multiply":"","name":"Piperacillin + tazobactam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV over 30 minutes q 6-8h","small_animal_dosage":"50 mg/kg q6h IV or IM. Alternatively, a CRI can be administered by injecting a loading dose of 4 mg/kg (bolus) followed by 3.2 mg/kg/h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Piperacillin + tazobactam (Zosyn)","value":311},{"administration":"Capsules; usually must be compounded to achieve desired doses. Give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI ulceration, bleeding, and nephrotoxicity (especially cats). Use with caution in patients that have a history of GI bleeding, kidney or liver dysfunction. Do not use with other NSAIDs or glucocorticoids.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Feldene","bsa":"","calc":"Piroxicam","calcID":"Piroxicam2","canine_dose":"0.3 mg/kg q48h PO. Cancer treatment:0.3 mg/kg q24h PO initially; then transitioned to q48h.","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID with antiangiogenic/antineoplastic properties:0.3 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"NSAID","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"cap","value":20,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.3,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.3,"drugName":"Piroxicam","feline_dose":"0.3 mg/kg q24h PO. A common dosage is 1 mg per cat q24h PO.","felineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID with antiangiogenic/antineoplastic properties:0.3 mg/kg PO q 24-72h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"10 mg capsules. Capsules may have to be reformulated to produce oral doses for small animals.","hide":"","index":43,"large_animal_dosage":"There is insufficient evidence to recommend doses for large animals. Single doses of 0.2 mg/kg PO have been administered to horses without any adverse effects.","multiply":"","name":"Piroxicam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Q24 - 48h(cats)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.3 mg/kg q48h PO. Cancer treatment:0.3 mg/kg q24h PO initially; then transitioned to q48h. Cats0.3 mg/kg q24h PO. A common dosage is 1 mg per cat q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Piroxicam (Feldene)","value":312},{"administration":"Oral paste","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are usually GI in nature but may include neurotoxicity from folate depletion. KCS has been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Toltrazuril sulfone, Marquis","bsa":"","calc":"Ponazuril","calcID":"Ponazuril2","canine_dose":"Coccidiosis:50-55 mg/kg once daily PO for 3-5 days.","canineDosage":"Neospora or toxoplasmosis:7.5-15 mg/kg PO q24h × 28 days, or 50 mg/kg q24h once, repeated in 7 daysCoccidiosis:20 mg/kg PO q24h × 3 days","catdose":"","category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"150mg/g Paste","perml":"","value":150,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"90mg/","perml":"ml","value":90,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4},{"name":"120mg/","perml":"ml","value":120,"id":5},{"name":"180mg/","perml":"ml","value":180,"id":6},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":7.5,"doseper":7.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":7.5,"drugName":"Ponazuril","feline_dose":"Toxoplasmosis:50 mg/kg once PO or 20 mg/kg once daily for 2 days PO. Coccidiosis:50 mg/kg once daily for 3 consecutive days. DogsCoccidiosis:50-55 mg/kg once daily PO for 3-5 days.","felineDosage":"Neospora or toxoplasmosis:7.5-15 mg/kg PO q24h × 28 days, or 50 mg/kg q24h once, repeated in 7 daysCoccidiosis:20 mg/kg PO q24h × 3 days","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"15% (150 mg/ml) oral paste for horses. One tube contains 127 g or 150 mg/g or approximately 165 mg/ml. Compounded formulation:To administer the equine form to small animals, it may be diluted and mixed with water or oral syrup for ease of administration and still maintain stability. One such dilution formulation for small animals is:50 ml of ponazuril equine paste + 12.5 ml of water + 12.5 ml of syrup for flavor = 75 ml containing 100 mg/ml solution for oral dosing. Or for smaller animals:20 ml of ponazuril equine paste + 5 ml of water + 5 ml of syrup for flavor = 30 ml of 100 mg/ml solution for oral dosing. When using a compounded version, shake up the formulation prior to administration.","hide":"","index":48,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreatment of EPM:5 mg/kg q24h PO for 28 days. A loading dose of 15 mg/kg has been used initially (day 1) followed by maintenance daily doses for 28 days. When 50 ml of corn oil (approximately 2 ounces) was administered orally to horses 1-2 minutes prior to the ponazuril paste, there was greater oral absorption and higher concentrations in the CSF. Pigs5 mg/kg PO for treatment of I. suis.","multiply":"","name":"Ponazuril","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, SID x 1-3 days","small_animal_dosage":"CatsToxoplasmosis:50 mg/kg once PO or 20 mg/kg once daily for 2 days PO. Coccidiosis:50 mg/kg once daily for 3 consecutive days. DogsCoccidiosis:50-55 mg/kg once daily PO for 3-5 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ponazuril (Toltrazuril sulfone, Marquis)","value":314},{"administration":"Tablets, powders, oral gels. Follow tablets with 6 ml of liquid or food to prevent esophageal ulceration.","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in hyperkalemia and UTIs with struvite stones. Use with caution in patients prone to GI ulceration or esophageal strictures. Follow doses with at least 6 ml of liquid or food. Adverse effects include GI upset, GI ulceration, and hyperkalemia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Tumil-K","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 mEq/kg q12-24h PO.","canineDosage":"Potassium supplement:0.5-1 mEq/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mEq tablet","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"Gel (2 mEq/5 ml)","perml":"dose","value":0.4,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":2,"dosemax":6,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2-8 mEq/day divided twice daily PO. For cats that need potassium supplement for chronic kidney disease, start with 1-4 mEq of potassium per cat q12h.","felineDosage":"Potassium supplement:0.5-1 mEq/kg PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"phosphate is currently not available in tablets (previously 500 mg containing 114 mg [3.7 mmol] of phosphorus). Oral solutions can be made from powdered concentrate mixed with water for oral administration. Potassium phosphate224 mg of monobasic potassium phosphate and 236 mg of dibasic potassium phosphate (3 mmol [93 mg] of phosphorus) per milliliter injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Potassium gluconate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"0.03-0.12 mmol/kg/h IV for acute treatment. 0.1 mmol/kg/day IV for daily supplementation. 4 mg/kg phosphorus (approximately 0.1 mmol/kg) PO up to four times daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Potassium gluconate (Tumil-K)","value":317},{"administration":"Concentrated injection for dilution in normal saline (do not dilute with calcium- or magnesium-containing fluids).","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include hyperphosphatemia (and related hypocalcemia), hypotension, renal failure, or soft tissue mineralization. Contraindicated in hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, and oliguric renal failure.","appendose":"mmol","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"K-Phos, Neutra-Phos","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 mEq/kg q12-24h PO.","canineDosage":"Hypophosphatemia:0.01-0.03 mmol/kg/h IV CRI","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":3,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":0.5,"dosemax":2,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2-8 mEq/day divided twice daily PO. For cats that need potassium supplement for chronic kidney disease, start with 1-4 mEq of potassium per cat q12h.","felineDosage":"Hypophosphatemia:0.01-0.03 mmol/kg/h IV CRI","fluids":"","formulations":"phosphate is currently not available in tablets (previously 500 mg containing 114 mg [3.7 mmol] of phosphorus). Oral solutions can be made from powdered concentrate mixed with water for oral administration. Potassium phosphate224 mg of monobasic potassium phosphate and 236 mg of dibasic potassium phosphate (3 mmol [93 mg] of phosphorus) per milliliter injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Potassium phosphate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"0.03-0.12 mmol/kg/h IV for acute treatment. 0.1 mmol/kg/day IV for daily supplementation. 4 mg/kg phosphorus (approximately 0.1 mmol/kg) PO up to four times daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Potassium phosphate","value":318},{"administration":"Only oral suspension in the United States; tablets and suspension elsewhere. Give on an empty stomach if tolerated, or with nondairy foods if necessary due to GI upset.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated, with GI upset sometimes seen. Blood dyscrasias are possible in dogs and in cats that receive therapy longer than 6 weeks or with high dosages. Rapid growth is a relative contraindication due to possible adverse cartilage effects. Use with caution with renal or hepatic insufficiency. May cause photosensitivity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Veraflox","bsa":"","calc":"Pradofloxacin","calcID":"Pradofloxacin2","canine_dose":"3-5 mg/kg q24h PO.","canineDosage":"Susceptible bacterial infection:3 mg/kg PO q24h. Although available for dogs elsewhere, NOT approved for use in dogs in the United States.","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"15mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":2},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":3},{"name":"120mg/","perml":"tab","value":120,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":7.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":7.5,"drugName":"Pradofloxacin","feline_dose":"Tablets:3-5 mg/kg q24h PO. Oral suspension:5-7.5 mg/kg q24h PO.","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:7.5 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Formulations contain pradofloxacin in a 2.5% oral suspension in the United States and Europe and 15, 60, and 120 mg tablets in Europe.","hide":"","index":84,"large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been approved for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Pradofloxacin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs3-5 mg/kg q24h PO. CatsTablets:3-5 mg/kg q24h PO. Oral suspension:5-7.5 mg/kg q24h PO.","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":"","title":"Pradofloxacin (Veraflox)","value":319},{"administration":"Injections for SQ or IM administration. Ideally initiated within 24 hours of organophosphate exposure.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, tachycardia, and muscle weakness. Use with extreme caution in patients with myasthenia gravis. Monitor patients for effect and repeat as needed.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"2-PAM, Protopam","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Organophosphate poisoning:20-50 mg/kg IM or SQ; repeated q 8-12h prn","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"concSelect":[{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":10,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Organophosphate poisoning:20-50 mg/kg IM or SQ; repeated q 8-12h prn","fluids":"","formulations":"chloride1-g vial to be reconstituted in 20 ml of water (50 mg/ml injection). pH of solution is 3.5-4.5.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle, Sheep, andPigs20-50 mg/kg q8h (administered as a 10% solution) IM or via slow IV infusion or as needed. Frequency can be assessed by monitoring clinical signs.","multiply":"","name":"Pralidoxime chloride","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pralidoxime chloride (2-PAM)","value":320},{"administration":"Tablets, injection. Some forms OTC.","adverseEffects":"Oral forms are generally well tolerated but may cause GI upset. Injectable forms can cause pain on injection, vomiting, and ataxia. Use with caution in patients with history of seizures.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Droncit, Drontal","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Dogs weighing less than 6.8 kg:7.5 mg/kg once PO. Dogs weighing more than 6.8 kg:5 mg/kg once PO. Dogs weighing less than 2.3 kg:7.5 mg/kg once IM or SQ. Dogs weighing more than 2.7-4.5 kg:6.3 mg/kg once IM or SQ. Dogs weighing more than 5 kg:5 mg/kg once IM or SQ. Paragonimus in dogs (lung worms):23 mg/kg PO q8h for 3 days. Spirometra spp. and Diphyllobothrium spp. treatment:25 mg/kg PO once daily for 2 consecutive days. Cats All doses are given once. Cats weighing less than 1.8 kg:11.4 mg/cat PO. Cats weighing 1.8-2.2 kg:11.4 mg/cat SQ or IM. Cats weighing 2.3-4.5 kg:22.7 mg/cat SQ or IM. Cats weighing 2.3-5 kg:23 mg/cat PO. Cats weighing more than 5 kg:34.5 mg/cat PO or 34.1 mg/cat SQ or IM. Spirometra spp. and Diphyllobothrium spp. treatment:25 mg/kg PO once daily for 2 consecutive days.","canineDosage":"Tapeworms:5-12.6 mg/kg PO or SQ onceSalmon poisoning flukes:10-30 mg/kg PO or SQ onceParagonimus:23 mg/kg PO q8h × 3 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"23 mg/","perml":"tab","value":23,"id":1},{"name":"34 mg/","perml":"tab","value":34,"id":1},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"58.6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":58.6,"id":1},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":5,"dosemax":10,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Tapeworms:5.7 mg/kg PO or SQ once","fluids":"","formulations":"23- and 34 mg tablets and 56.8 mg/ml injection and is also available in pastes and gels. In combination, it 13.6 mg of praziquantel and 54.3 mg of pyrantel,18.2 mg of praziquantel and 72.6 of mg pyrantel, or 27.2 mg of praziquantel and 108.6 mg of pyrantel. It is combined with emodepside in Profender. Praziquantelpastes and gels for horses in combination with other drugs (e.g., ivermectin, moxidectin, febantel).","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses1.5-2.5 mg/kg PO.","multiply":"","name":"Praziquantel","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsDogs weighing less than 6.8 kg:7.5 mg/kg once PO. Dogs weighing more than 6.8 kg:5 mg/kg once PO. Dogs weighing less than 2.3 kg:7.5 mg/kg once IM or SQ. Dogs weighing more than 2.7-4.5 kg:6.3 mg/kg once IM or SQ. Dogs weighing more than 5 kg:5 mg/kg once IM or SQ. Paragonimus in dogs (lung worms):23 mg/kg PO q8h for 3 days. Spirometra spp. and Diphyllobothrium spp. treatment:25 mg/kg PO once daily for 2 consecutive days. Cats All doses are given once. Cats weighing less than 1.8 kg:11.4 mg/cat PO. Cats weighing 1.8-2.2 kg:11.4 mg/cat SQ or IM. Cats weighing 2.3-4.5 kg:22.7 mg/cat SQ or IM. Cats weighing 2.3-5 kg:23 mg/cat PO. Cats weighing more than 5 kg:34.5 mg/cat PO or 34.1 mg/cat SQ or IM. Spirometra spp. and Diphyllobothrium spp. treatment:25 mg/kg PO once daily for 2 consecutive days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Praziquantel (Droncit, Drontal)","value":321},{"administration":"Capsules, or compounded (usually necessary for feline dosing). Give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include CNS depression, GI upset, tachycardia, and nictitans elevation. Contraindicated in hypotension. Some dogs with the MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation may be sensitive; use with caution in known mutants.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Minipress","bsa":"","calc":"Prazosin","calcID":"Prazosin2","canine_dose":"0.5-2 mg per dog q8-24h (as needed).","canineDosage":"Urethral relaxation:0.07 mg/kg, or 0.5-4 mg/DOG PO q 8-12hAfterload reduction in CHF:dogs <15 kg, 1 mg, or dogs >15 kg, 2 mg PO q8h titrated to effect","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1mg/","perml":"cap","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"2mg/","perml":"cap","value":2,"id":2},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"cap","value":5,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugName":"Prazosin","feline_dose":"0.25-1 mg per cat (0.07 mg/kg or approximately 1 mg per 15 kg) q8-12h PO. Cats with urethral obstruction:0.5 mg per cat PO q8h initially; then 0.25-0.5 mg per cat once daily.","felineDosage":"Urethral relaxation:0.25-1 mg/CAT PO q 8-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":45,"large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Prazosin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SID to BID,<i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.25-0.5 mg/cat <b>(NOT mg/kg)</b>","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5-2 mg per dog q8-24h (as needed). Cats0.25-1 mg per cat (0.07 mg/kg or approximately 1 mg per 15 kg) q8-12h PO. Cats with urethral obstruction:0.5 mg per cat PO q8h initially; then 0.25-0.5 mg per cat once daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Prazosin (Minipress)","value":322},{"administration":"Capsules, oral solution. CSS-V.","adverseEffects":"The most common adverse effects are sedation and ataxia. Use with caution in patients with renal insufficiency or heart failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lyrica","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Anticonvulsant dosage:2 mg/kg q8h PO. Start with a low dose and gradually increase to the maximum tolerated dose of 3-4 mg/kg PO. Neuropathic pain:Start with 4-5 mg/kg q12h PO and increase dose gradually if necessary.","canineDosage":"Neuropathic pain:2-4 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50 mg/","value":50,"perml":"ml","id":0},{"name":"20 mg/","value":20,"perml":"ml","id":1},{"name":"25 mg/","value":25,"perml":"cap","id":2},{"name":"50 mg/","value":50,"perml":"cap","id":3},{"name":"75 mg/","value":75,"perml":"cap","id":4},{"name":"100 mg/","value":100,"perml":"cap","id":5},{"name":"150 mg/","value":150,"perml":"cap","id":6},{"name":"200 mg/","value":200,"perml":"cap","id":7},{"name":"225 mg/","value":225,"perml":"cap","id":8},{"name":"300 mg/","value":300,"perml":"cap","id":9}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":2,"doseper":4,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Anticonvulsant dosage or neuropathic pain dosage:Start with 2 mg/kg q12h PO and increase to 4 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"Use is not described for cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"25, 50, 75, 100, 150, 200, 225, and 300 mg capsules.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses4 mg/kg PO q8h.","multiply":"","name":"Pregabalin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnticonvulsant dosage:2 mg/kg q8h PO. Start with a low dose and gradually increase to the maximum tolerated dose of 3-4 mg/kg PO. Neuropathic pain:Start with 4-5 mg/kg q12h PO and increase dose gradually if necessary. CatsAnticonvulsant dosage or neuropathic pain dosage:Start with 2 mg/kg q12h PO and increase to 4 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pregabalin (Lyrica)","value":325},{"administration":"Capsules. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"GI upset, hepatotoxicity, and myelosuppression are the most common adverse effects. May also cause CNS depression. Platelet nadir usually occurs at 3-4 weeks.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Matulane","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:25-50 mg/m2 PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":25,"dosemax":50,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":37.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:50 mg/m2 PO q 24-48h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Procarbazine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Procarbazine (Matulane)","value":326},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are dose-related and are similar to those of atropine (e.g., dry mouth and eyes, tachycardia, constipation). GI upset and hypersalivation are reported in cats. High dose can cause ileus. Use with caution in hepatic disease, renal disease, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, CHF, tachyarrhythmias, prostatic hypertrophy, esophageal reflux, or hot environmental conditions (heat prostration).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Pro-Banthine","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antimuscarinic for sinus bradycardia:0.25-5 mg/kg PO q 8-12hDetrusor hypercontractility:0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"7.5 mg","perml":"tab","value":7.5,"id":1},{"name":"15 mg","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Detrusor hypercontractility:0.25-0.5 mg/kg or 7.5 mg/CAT PO q 8-12h","fluids":"","formulations":"7.5 and 15 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals. The use is discouraged because of adverse effect on GI motility.","multiply":"","name":"Propantheline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"0.25-0.5 mg/kg q8-12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Propantheline (Pro-Banthine)","value":327},{"administration":"Injection. Administer IV slowly over 60-90 seconds to avoid apnea, titrating to effect.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include respiratory depression, hypothermia, and seizurelike activity. Cats, greyhounds, and very thin animals may have more profound effects. Prolonged CRIs may cause Heinz body formation in cats. Some formulations contain excipients that may cause histamine release in dogs. Some formulations contain high levels of benzyl alcohol, which may be problematic in cats. Use with caution in animals with cardiovascular or respiratory depression.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"PropoFlo, Diprivan","bsa":"","calc":"Propofol","calcID":"Propofol2","canine_dose":"(e.g., a lower dose of 3 mg/kg can be used). After initial induction, maintenance doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be used. CRI:5-6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 100-450 mcg/kg/min (or 6-25 mg/kg/h). In some animals the rate may be as high as 600 mcg/kg/min (36 mg/kg/h) if they are not premedicated. If other agents are included in the protocol (e.g., ketamine), the dose can be decreased. Status epilepticus:1-6 mg/kg IV (to effect) followed by a CRI of 0.1-0.6 mg/kg/min.","canineDosage":"Ultrashort anesthetic:3-6 mg/kg IV; 0.2-0.5 mg/kg/min IV CRI, titrated to effect","catdose":"","category":"Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":8,"dosemin":2.2,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":3,"drugName":"Propofol","feline_dose":"Anesthesia induction:4-8 mg/kg IV slowly. The approved label lists higher doses, but most cats can be induced with approximately 6 mg/kg IV. After the initial dose, incremental doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be administered as needed. If other preanesthetics and sedatives are used, reduce by 16%-24%. If combined with midazolam, the propofol requirement listed can be reduced by as much as 25%. CRI:6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 200-300 mcg/kg/min (0.2-0.3 mg/kg/h) IV. For short-term procedures, the total dose is 15 mg/kg for a 30-minute protocol. CRI infusion with ketamine in cats:0.025 mg/min/kg + ketamine 23-46 mcg/kg/min. Short-term surgery:10 mg/kg IV dose delivered over 1 minute (duration of anesthesia, 10-20 minutes).","felineDosage":"Ultrashort anesthetic:3-6 mg/kg IV; 0.2-0.5 mg/kg/min IV CRI, titrated to effect","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"The human formulation of propofol1% (10 mg/ml) injection in 20-ml ampules. The veterinary formulationmultidose vials containing 10 mg of propofol per milliliter. Propofol is only slightly soluble in water; therefore it is formulated in a white, oil-in-water emulsion. It also contains soybean oil (100 mg/ml), glycerol (22.5 mg/ml), egg lecithin (12 mg/ml), and oleic acid (0.6 mg/ml) with sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH. The propofol emulsion is isotonic and has a pH of 6.0-9.0. The formulation PropoFlo 28 has benzyl alcohol added as a preservative. Note:The formulation known as PropoClear emulsion for dogs and cats (without lipids) was associated with adverse reactions and has been removed from the market.","hide":"","index":105,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses2 mg/kg IV bolus. Guaifenesin (90 mg/kg IV) or another sedative should be administered prior to propofol to prevent excitement and myotonus and other problems during recovery.Small Ruminants4 mg/kg IV. Pigs2-5 mg/kg IV.","name":"Propofol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV to Effect","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs(e.g., a lower dose of 3 mg/kg can be used). After initial induction, maintenance doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be used. CRI:5-6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 100-450 mcg/kg/min (or 6-25 mg/kg/h). In some animals the rate may be as high as 600 mcg/kg/min (36 mg/kg/h) if they are not premedicated. If other agents are included in the protocol (e.g., ketamine), the dose can be decreased. Status epilepticus:1-6 mg/kg IV (to effect) followed by a CRI of 0.1-0.6 mg/kg/min. CatsAnesthesia induction:4-8 mg/kg IV slowly. The approved label lists higher doses, but most cats can be induced with approximately 6 mg/kg IV. After the initial dose, incremental doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be administered as needed. If other preanesthetics and sedatives are used, reduce by 16%-24%. If combined with midazolam, the propofol requirement listed can be reduced by as much as 25%. CRI:6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 200-300 mcg/kg/min (0.2-0.3 mg/kg/h) IV. For short-term procedures, the total dose is 15 mg/kg for a 30-minute protocol. CRI infusion with ketamine in cats:0.025 mg/min/kg + ketamine 23-46 mcg/kg/min. Short-term surgery:10 mg/kg IV dose delivered over 1 minute (duration of anesthesia, 10-20 minutes).","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Propofol (PropoFlo, Diprivan, PropoFlo-28)","value":328},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, oral solution, injection. Dilute IV doses in D5W and administer slowly at not more than 1 mg/min.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset, syncope, bradycardia, depression, impaired AV conduction, CHF, hypotension, hypoglycemia, and bronchoconstriction. Contraindicated in CHF, bradyarrhythmias, and bronchospasm. Reduce dosing in hepatic insufficiency. Use cautiously in diabetics.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Inderal","bsa":"","calc":"Propranolol","calcID":"Propranolol2","canine_dose":"20-60 mcg/kg over 5-10 minutes IV (titrate dose to effect). 0.2-1 mg/kg q8h PO (titrate dose to effect).","canineDosage":"Susceptible tachyarrhythmias:IV:0.02 mg/kg IV slowly over 2-3 minutes; titrate dose up to effect (to a maximum of 0.1 mg/kg), repeated in 8 hours prn; or 0.1-0.2 mg/kg PO q8h, titrated to effect up to a maximum of 1.5 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":0.1,"category":"Cardiovascular","catmax":"0.2","catmin":"0.1","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i>2.5-5 mg/cat PO BID-TID</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":3},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":4},{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.2,"dogmax":1,"dogmin":0.2,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 0.2-1mg/kg PO TID</span>","dosemax":1.2,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugName":"Propranolol","feline_dose":"0.4-1.2 mg/kg (2.5-5 mg/cat) q8h PO.","felineDosage":"Susceptible tachyarrhythmias:IV:0.02 mg/kg IV slowly over 2-3 minutes; titrate dose up to effect (to a maximum of 0.1 mg/kg); 2.5 mg/CAT PO q 8-12h, maximum 10 mg/CAT/dose","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"Oral:Propranolol10, 20, 40, 60, and 80 mg tablets and 4- and 8 mg/ml oral solution. Injection:Propofol1 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":170,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.1 mg/kg IV slowly. Repeat in 6-8 hours if necessary. If low dose is not effective, administer 0.5 mg/kg and increase the dose to 2 mg/kg IV gradually until desired response. 0.4-0.8 mg/kg q8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Propranolol","outputtext":"PropranololText","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, BID-ID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs20-60 mcg/kg over 5-10 minutes IV (titrate dose to effect). 0.2-1 mg/kg q8h PO (titrate dose to effect). Cats0.4-1.2 mg/kg (2.5-5 mg/cat) q8h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"title":"Propranolol (Inderal)","value":329},{"administration":"Injection. Can dilute in normal saline or D5W for slow IV injection at a rate of not more than 50 mg/10 min.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Acute hypotension, bradycardia, pulmonary hypertension, and dyspnea may occur if injected IV rapidly.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Protamine Sulfate","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Heparin overdose:1 mg protamine/100 U of heparin overdose. Ideally given immediately by slow IV infusion. Can repeat prn, reducing protamine dose 50% for q 30-60 minutes post heparin overdose.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Heparin overdose:1 mg protamine/100 U of heparin overdose. Ideally given immediately by slow IV infusion. Can repeat prn, reducing protamine dose 50% for q 30-60 minutes post heparin overdose.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Protamine sulfate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Protamine sulfate","value":330},{"administration":"Powder OTC. Give with food and ensure hydration.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects may include flatulence. Bowel obstruction may occur if animal is not well hydrated. Contraindicated in intestinal obstruction.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Metamucil","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Bulk laxative:0.5-5 g, or 1-3 teaspoons, PO q 12-24h in moistened food","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Bulk laxative:2-4 teaspoons PO q 12-24h, in moistened food","fluids":"","formulations":"powder, usually 3.4 g per teaspoon.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesUp to 1000 mg/kg per day PO via stomach tube or added to feed. Note precaution above about administering by a stomach tube in horses. It may form a gel when mixed with water and plug the tube.","multiply":"","name":"Psyllium mucilloid","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"1 teaspoon/5-10 kg (added to each meal).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Psyllium mucilloid (Metamucil)","value":331},{"administration":"Tablets, oral suspension. Give with food. OTC forms available.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Do not administer to severely debilitated animals. Adverse effects are mostly due to GI upset.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Strongid T, Nemex","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5 mg/kg once PO; repeat in 7-10 days. (Combination products may be dosed on a different schedule [e.g., once per month]. Consult specific labeling for dose intervals.)","canineDosage":"Roundworms/hookworms:5-10 mg/kg PO with food; repeat in 7-10 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":5,"dosemax":10,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"20 mg/kg once PO. Doses may be mixed with food.","felineDosage":"Susceptible intestinal parasites:10-20 mg/kg PO; repeat as needed","fluids":"","formulations":"171, 180, and 226 mg/ml (base) paste; 22.7- and 113.5 mg (base) tablets; and 2.27, 4.54, and 50 mg/ml (base) suspension. Equine paste is 19.31%. It is also available in 10.6, 12.6, and 21.1-g/kg of pellets for medicated feed. Pyrantel pamoate is a salt and contains 34.7% pyrantel base. Doses are based on the amount of pyrantel base. Pyrantel tartrate contains 57.9% pyrantel base.Many of the formulations contain other antiparasitic drugs (e.g., praziquantel). For example, it 13.6 mg of praziquantel and 54.3 of mg pyrantel, 18.2 mg of praziquantel and 72.6 mg of pyrantel, or 27.2 mg of praziquantel and 108.6 mg of pyrantel. The product Simparica Trio contains sarolaner, moxidectin, and pyrantel in a single chewable tablet for dogs for once per month administration.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesNematodes:6.6 mg/kg PO. Cestodes:13.2 mg/kg. Medicated feed:12.5 mg/kg as a single dose or 2.6 mg/kg/day for prevention. Pigs22 mg/kg administered in feed as a single treatment.","multiply":"","name":"Pyrantel pamoate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5 mg/kg once PO; repeat in 7-10 days. (Combination products may be dosed on a different schedule [e.g., once per month]. Consult specific labeling for dose intervals.) Cats20 mg/kg once PO. Doses may be mixed with food.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pyrantel pamoate (Strongid T, Nemex)","value":332},{"administration":"Tablets, extended-release tablets, oral syrup, injection. Give oral forms with food. IV doses should be administered slowly as a CRI.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are dose-related and include increased GI motility, salivation, urination, abdominal pain, diarrhea, bradycardia, and increased lacrimation. Use with caution in patients with bronchospastic disease, epilepsy, hyperthyroidism, bradycardia or other arrhythmias, vagotonia, or GI ulcer diseases. Reduce dosage in renal impairment.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Mestinon, Regonol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Antimyasthenic:0.02-0.04 mg/kg q2h IV or 0.5-3 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Antidote for muscle blockade:0.15-0.3 mg/kg IM or IV as needed.","canineDosage":"Myasthenia gravis:0.2-2 mg/kg PO q 8-12h with food; 0.01-0.03 mg/kg/h IV CRI for fulminant disease","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":3,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.1-0.25 mg/kg q24h PO. CRI:0.01-0.03 mg/kg/h IV.","felineDosage":"Myasthenia gravis:0.25-2.0 mg/kg PO q24h with food","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Pyridostigmine bromide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAntimyasthenic:0.02-0.04 mg/kg q2h IV or 0.5-3 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Antidote for muscle blockade:0.15-0.3 mg/kg IM or IV as needed. Cats0.1-0.25 mg/kg q24h PO. CRI:0.01-0.03 mg/kg/h IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pyridostigmine bromide (Mestinon, Regonol)","value":333},{"administration":"Tablets. Pregnant women should avoid handling.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include anorexia, malaise, vomiting, depression, and bone marrow depression, which may be more severe in cats. Oral administration of folinic acid at 1 mg/kg PO or folic acid 5 mg/day may alleviate the adverse hematologic and neurologic effects. Use cautiously in animals with pre-existing folate deficiencies.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Daraprim","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"1 mg/kg q24h PO for 14-21 days (5 days for Neospora caninum).","canineDosage":"Susceptible protozoal infection:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q24h for 48 hours, then 0.25-0.5 mg/kg PO q24h for 14 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":25,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":0.5,"dosemax":1,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.75,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.5-1 mg/kg q24h PO for 14-28 days.","felineDosage":"Use with caution in cats due to adverse effect profile.Susceptible protozoal infection:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q24h for 48 hours, then 0.25 mg/kg PO q24h for 14 days","fluids":"","formulations":"+ sulfadiazine n oral suspension for horses that is 250 mg of sulfadiazine and 12.5 mg of pyrimethamine per milliliter. This formulation may be diluted if necessary for small animals.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"EPM caused by S. neurona:1 mg/kg of pyrimethamine and 20 mg/kg of sulfadiazine q24h PO (4 ml per 110 lb). Treatment duration in horses varies from 90-270 days.","multiply":"","name":"Pyrimethamine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"1 mg/kg of pyrimethamine and 20 mg/kg of sulfadiazine once daily PO. (Equivalent to one third a milliliter [0.33 ml] of the equine formulation per 4 kg of body weight.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Pyrimethamine (Daraprim)","value":334},{"administration":"Tablets, injection (do not give IV)","adverseEffects":"Dose-related adverse effects include weakness, GI upset, hypotension, and arrhythmia. Contraindicated in myasthenia gravis, complete AV block with pacemaker, QRS widening disorders, digitalis intoxication, aberrant ectopic impulses, or abnormal rhythms secondary to escape mechanisms. Do not use with digoxin.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Quinaglute, Quinidex","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Ventricular arrhythmias:6-16 mg/kg PO or IM q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":6,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":8,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Quinidine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IM","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Quinidine (Quinaglute, Quinidex)","value":335},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but may cause GI upset, CNS disturbance, hematologic abnormalities, or proteinuria. Dosage may need to be reduced in patients with severe hepatic or renal disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"AcipHex","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Acid suppression:0.7-1 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use is not described for cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Rabeprazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":"","title":"Rabeprazole (AcipHex)","value":336},{"administration":"Capsules","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but GI upset can occur. Weakness, hypotension, or hyperkalemia are also possible.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Altace, Vasotop","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.125-0.25 mg/kg daily PO to a maximum of 0.5 mg/kg per day.","canineDosage":"Heart failure:0.125-0.25 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1.25mg/","perml":"cap","value":1.25,"id":1},{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"cap","value":2.5,"id":2},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"cap","value":5,"id":3},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.125,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.125 mg/kg q24h PO.","felineDosage":"Arterial hypertension:0.5 mg/kg PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"1.25, 2.5, 5, and 10 mg capsules.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Ramipril","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.125-0.25 mg/kg daily PO to a maximum of 0.5 mg/kg per day. Cats0.125 mg/kg q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ramipril (Altace, Vasotop)","value":337},{"administration":"Tablets (OTC), injection (give slowly IV)","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated but rapid IV doses may cause arrhythmias, vomiting, and hypotension in cats. May cause elevated liver enzymes with chronic use. Use lower doses in renal insufficiency. Antacid efficacy limited.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Zantac","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2 mg/kg q8h IV or PO.","canineDosage":"H2 antagonist antacid and prokinetic:1-4 mg/kg PO, SQ, IM, or slow IV q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5 mg/kg q12h IV or 3.5 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"H2 antagonist antacid and prokinetic:2.5 mg/kg slow IV q12h, or 3.5 mg/kg PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"was available in 75, 150, and 300 mg tablets; 150 and 300 mg capsules; and 25 mg/ml injection. Some forms were available OTC. However, in 2020, the FDA announced a removal of ranitidine products from the market. Therefore, these formulations may not be available in the United States.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses2.2-6.6 mg/kg q6-8h PO. The higher dose (6.6 mg/kg) is more effective at suppressing stomach acid. 2 mg/kg q6-8h IV. Calves50 mg/kg q8h PO in milk-fed calves. Adult cattle:6.6 mg/kg IM (only effective for 1 hour).","multiply":"","name":"Ranitidine HCl","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV, IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2 mg/kg q8h IV or PO. Cats2.5 mg/kg q12h IV or 3.5 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ranitidine HCl (Zantac)","value":338},{"administration":"Capsules, injection. Compounding pharmacists may prepare stable oral suspensions. Give with food. IV doses should be diluted with normal saline or D5W and infused slowly.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset and hepatopathies. Use with caution in hepatic insufficiency; rifampin hepatotoxicity can be fatal. Will stain tears, urine, saliva, and feces a red-orange color. Usually used in combination with other antimicrobial drugs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Rifadin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Adjunctive therapy for susceptible infections:5-15 mg/kg PO or IV q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"150 mg","perml":"cap","value":150,"id":1},{"name":"300 mg","perml":"cap","value":300,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":5,"dosemax":10,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":7.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infection:10-15 mg/kg PO or IV q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"150 mg and 300 mg capsules and 600 mg Rifadin IV injectable solution.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses10 mg/kg q24h PO. Foals for treatment of R. equi:5 mg/kg q12h PO. In some protocols, rifampin is combined with erythromycin (25 mg/kg q8h PO) or other macrolides (e.g., azithromycin), but it is not established if combination treatment is more effective than monotherapy.Cattle, Sheep, and Goats20 mg/kg q24h PO. For treatment of Johne’s disease combine with isoniazid.","multiply":"","name":"Rifampin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"5 mg/kg q12h PO or 10 mg/kg q24h PO. (Low dose; twice daily is preferred.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Rifampin (Rifadin)","value":339},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Clinical experience in pets is limited. Hemorrhage is predominant adverse effect and is more likely when combined with platelet inhibition.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Xarelto","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"1-2 mg/kg PO q24h. Human dosage (listed here as a comparison):0.2 mg/kg q12h PO initially for 3 weeks; then 0.3 mg/kg once-daily PO thereafter. For prophylaxis, the dosage is 0.14 mg/kg PO q24h.","canineDosage":"Oral anticoagulant:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q 12-24h (anecdotal dose)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1.25mg/","perml":"tab","value":1.25,"id":1},{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":2},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.6,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.8,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.5-1 mg/kg q24h PO. Cats can also be administered tablets of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg per cat, oral.","felineDosage":"Oral anticoagulant:2.5 mg/CAT q24h (anecdotal dose)","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been identified.","multiply":"","name":"Rivaroxaban","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs1-2 mg/kg PO q24h. Human dosage (listed here as a comparison):0.2 mg/kg q12h PO initially for 3 weeks; then 0.3 mg/kg once-daily PO thereafter. For prophylaxis, the dosage is 0.14 mg/kg PO q24h. Cats0.5-1 mg/kg q24h PO. Cats can also be administered tablets of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg per cat, oral.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Rivaroxaban (Xarelto)","value":340},{"administration":"Tablets (give with food), injection","adverseEffects":"Adverse events are usually GI in nature but may also include nephrotoxicity and hepatotoxicity. Use with caution in animals with dehydration, hypotension, or with impaired cardiac, renal, or hepatic function. Do not use concurrently with glucocorticoids or other NSAIDs. Cats must be monitored closely for renal toxicity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Onsior","bsa":"","calc":"Robenacoxib","calcID":"Robenacoxib2","canine_dose":"Oral:2 mg/kg q24h PO. Injection:2 mg/kg q24h SQ.","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:1-2 mg/kg PO q24hPerioperative analgesia:2 mg/kg SQ once or PO q24h for 3 days","catdose":"","category":"Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concs":"20","concSelect":[{"name":"20mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"6mg/","perml":"tab","value":6,"id":2},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2,"drugName":"Robenacoxib","feline_dose":"Oral:1 mg/kg PO once per day. Injection:2 mg/kg q24h SQ for 3 days. Administer 30 minutes prior to surgery if used to decrease surgical pain.","felineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory/analgesic NSAID:1-2.4 mg/kg PO q24hPerioperative analgesia:2 mg/kg SQ q24h × 3 doses or 1-2.4 mg/kg PO q24h up to 6 days","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Tablets for cats:6 mg. Tablets for dogs:10, 20, and 40 mg. Cats and dogs:20 mg/ml injectable solution in a 20-ml vial.","hide":"","index":50,"large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Robenacoxib","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SQ, PO SID for 3 Days Max","small_animal_dosage":"DogsOral:2 mg/kg q24h PO. Injection:2 mg/kg q24h SQ. CatsOral:1 mg/kg PO once per day. Injection:2 mg/kg q24h SQ for 3 days. Administer 30 minutes prior to surgery if used to decrease surgical pain.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Robenacoxib (Onsior)","value":341},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules OTC","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Bioflavonoids","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Lymphedema:50 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"450 mg","perml":"cap","value":450,"id":1},{"name":"500 mg","perml":"cap","value":500,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":10,"dosemax":50,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Chylothorax:50 mg/kg or 250 mg/CAT PO q8h initially, reducing to q12h if effective","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Rutin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Rutin (Bioflavonoids)","value":343},{"administration":"Capsules; give on empty stomach","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. GI upset may occur.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"SAMe, Denosyl","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hepatoprotectant:20 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"90 mg","perml":"tab","value":90},{"name":"225 mg","perml":"tab","value":225},{"name":"425 mg","perml":"tab","value":425}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":10,"dosemax":20,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":18,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hepatoprotectant:20 mg/kg PO q24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"S -adenosyl methionine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"S-adenosyl methionine (SAMe, Denosyl)","value":344},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Do not use with other MAO inhibitors, opioids, SSRIs, or tricyclic antidepressants. Adverse effects include GI upset, CNS effects, and aggression. Efficacy is questionable.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"deprenyl, Anipryl, Eldepryl","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Begin with 1 mg/kg q24h PO. If there is no response within 2 months, increase the dosage to a maximum of 2 mg/kg q24h PO.","canineDosage":"Cognitive dysfunction:0.5 mg/kg PO q24hNarcolepsy:2 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. In some cats, once-daily treatment may be sufficient.","felineDosage":"Not Recommended in Cats","fluids":"","formulations":"2, 5, 10, 15, and 30 mg tablets for animals; 5 mg tablets or capsules for humans; and 20, 30, and 40-cm2 transdermal patches (EmSam) for humans.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals. In preliminary studies in which selegiline was administered at a dose of 30 mg/horse PO or IV, there were no observed effects on behavior or locomotor activity.","multiply":"","name":"Selegiline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsBegin with 1 mg/kg q24h PO. If there is no response within 2 months, increase the dosage to a maximum of 2 mg/kg q24h PO. Cats0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. In some cats, once-daily treatment may be sufficient.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Selegiline (deprenyl, Anipryl, Eldepryl)","value":345},{"administration":"Tablets, oral solution","adverseEffects":"Do not use with other MAO inhibitors. Adverse effects include GI upset, CNS effects, and heightened reactivity. Avoid abrupt withdrawal.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Zoloft","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Behavior modification:0.5-4 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20mg/","perml":"ml","value":20},{"name":"25mg","perml":"tab","value":25},{"name":"50mg","perml":"tab","value":50},{"name":"100mg","perml":"tab","value":100}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":1,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Behavior modification:0.25-1.5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Sertraline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sertraline (Zoloft)","value":346},{"administration":"Tablets. Compounding pharmacists may prepare stable oral suspensions.","adverseEffects":"Most common adverse effect is GI upset. Do not use concurrently with nitrates. Use with extreme caution in patients with resting hypotension, fluid depletion, severe left ventricular outflow obstruction, or autonomic dysfunction.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Viagra, Revatio","bsa":"","calc":"Sildenafil","calcID":"Sildenafil2","canine_dose":"Pulmonary hypertension:2 mg/kg q12h PO. Dose interval may range from 8-24 hours, and doses as high as 3 mg/kg have been administered to some dogs. There are variations in the dose range because of limitation in tablet sizes. Megaesophagus:1 mg/kg PO q12h.","canineDosage":"Pulmonary hypertension:1-3 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugName":"Sildenafil","feline_dose":"1 mg/kg q8h PO.","felineDosage":"Pulmonary hypertension:0.25 to 1.6 mg/kg PO q12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"20, 25, 50, and 100 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":51,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Sildenafil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO TID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsPulmonary hypertension:2 mg/kg q12h PO. Dose interval may range from 8-24 hours, and doses as high as 3 mg/kg have been administered to some dogs. There are variations in the dose range because of limitation in tablet sizes. Megaesophagus:1 mg/kg PO q12h. Cats1 mg/kg q8h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sildenafil (Viagra, Revatio)","value":347},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, powder; give on empty stomach. Some forms OTC.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. GI upset may occur.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"milk thistle, Marin Plus","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hepatoprotectant:20-50 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"150 mg","perml":"cap","value":150},{"name":"300 mg","perml":"cap","value":300}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":5,"dosemax":20,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Hepatoprotectant:10-50 mg/kg PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"tablets are widely available OTC. Commercial veterinary formulations (Marin) also contain zinc and vitamin E in a phosphatidylcholine complex in tablets for dogs and cats. The combination of Denamarin contains both silymarin and SAMe.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesNo clinically effective dosages have been reported for large animals. At dosages of 6.5, 13, and 26 mg/kg q12h for 7 days, only minor antioxidant effects were observed.","multiply":"","name":"Silymarin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"5-15 mg/kg PO once daily. Some sources recommend a higher dosage with a minimum of 30 mg/kg PO per day.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Silymarin (milk thistle, Marin Plus)","value":348},{"administration":"Tablets (OTC), injection. Oral solution can be prepared from baking soda.","adverseEffects":"Use with caution as can cause metabolic alkalosis, electrolyte disorders, CHF, paradoxical CNS acidosis. Contraindicated in alkalosis or with excessive GI chloride loss. Use with extreme caution in DKA, hypocalcemia, CHF, nephrotic syndrome, hypertension, oliguria, volume overload. Multiple drug interactions.","appendose":"mEQ","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Neut","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Metabolic acidosis:mEq bicarbonate required = 0.5 × BW (kg) × (desired CO2 mEq/L - TCO2 mEq/L); givecalculated dose slowly IV, and repeat dosing if required 4 hours laterUrine alkalinization:25-50 mg/kg PO q12hRenal tubular acidosis:1-10 mEq/kg/day in divided doses PO, titrated to effect and with potassium supplementation","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Metabolic acidosis:mEq bicarbonate required = 0.5 × BW (kg) × (desired CO2 mEq/L - TCO2 mEq/L); givecalculated dose slowly IV, and repeat dosing if required 4 hours later","fluids":"","formulations":"iodide20-g/100 ml (20%) injection, which contains 100-mcg elemental iodide (118 mcg of sodium iodide) per milliliter injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses125 ml of a 20% solution IV daily for 3 days; then 30 g/horse daily injection for 30 days. Cattle67 mg/kg IV (15 ml per 100 lb) slowly; repeat weekly.","multiply":"","name":"Sodium Bicarbonate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mEQ/kg","perml":"mg/ml (20%)","route":"IV, IM","small_animal_dosage":"Consult oral dose for potassium iodide in another section of this book.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sodium bicarbonate","value":350},{"administration":"Powder, oral tincture, injection. Give with food.","adverseEffects":"May cause iodism, which manifests as GI upset, depression/lethargy, twitching, hypothermia, and cardiovascular failure; more likely in cats. Do not use in animals with renal failure or severe dehydration.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Sodium iodide","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Sporotrichosis:40 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":10,"dosemax":20,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Sporotrichosis:2.5 mg/kg PO q24h; increase dose in 2.5 mg/kg increments to effect q 5 days. Other treatments preferred.","fluids":"","formulations":"iodide20-g/100 ml (20%) injection, which contains 100-mcg elemental iodide (118 mcg of sodium iodide) per milliliter injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses125 ml of a 20% solution IV daily for 3 days; then 30 g/horse daily injection for 30 days. Cattle67 mg/kg IV (15 ml per 100 lb) slowly; repeat weekly.","multiply":"","name":"Sodium iodide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Consult oral dose for potassium iodide in another section of this book.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sodium iodide","value":351},{"administration":"Not available in the United States but can be imported from other countries or supplied by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention if public health threat recognized.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include pain on injection, thrombophlebitis, musculoskeletal pain, hemolytic anemia, leukopenia, GI upset, pancreatitis, myocardial injury and arrhythmias, renal toxicity, shock, and sudden death. Contraindicated in renal failure and cardiac arrhythmias.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Pentostam","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Cutaneous leishmaniasis:30-50 mg/kg IV or SQ q24h for 3-4 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use is not described in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"iodide20-g/100 ml (20%) injection, which contains 100-mcg elemental iodide (118 mcg of sodium iodide) per milliliter injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses125 ml of a 20% solution IV daily for 3 days; then 30 g/horse daily injection for 30 days. Cattle67 mg/kg IV (15 ml per 100 lb) slowly; repeat weekly.","multiply":"","name":"Sodium stibogluconate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Consult oral dose for potassium iodide in another section of this book.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam)","value":352},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated, but hypernatremia, hypotension, GI upset, and metabolic acidosis may occur.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Nithiodote, Pedmark","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Cyanide toxicity:40-50 mg/kg IV, or 150-500 mg/kg IV bolus, or 150-500 mg/kg CRI +/-sodium nitrite","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":250,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":50,"dosemax":100,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":75,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Cyanide toxicity:150-500 mg/kg IV bolus or CRI +/-sodium nitrite IV; contact animal poison control center for guidance","fluids":"","formulations":"iodide20-g/100 ml (20%) injection, which contains 100-mcg elemental iodide (118 mcg of sodium iodide) per milliliter injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses125 ml of a 20% solution IV daily for 3 days; then 30 g/horse daily injection for 30 days. Cattle67 mg/kg IV (15 ml per 100 lb) slowly; repeat weekly.","multiply":"","name":"Sodium thiosulfate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV, Topical","small_animal_dosage":"Consult oral dose for potassium iodide in another section of this book.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sodium thiosulfate","value":353},{"administration":"Tablets; give on empty stomach.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include dyspnea, bronchospasm, fatigue/dizziness, nausea, vomiting, and worsening of arrhythmias. Contraindicated in bradyarrhythmia, asthma, long Q-T syndromes, cardiogenic shock or uncontrolled CHF. Use with caution in patients with DM, hyperthyroidism, and renal insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Betapace","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2 mg/kg q12h PO. (For medium- to large-breed dogs, begin with 40 mg per dog q12h; then increase to 80 mg per dog if no response.)","canineDosage":"Tachyarrhythmia:1-3 mg/kg PO q12h titrated upward to effect","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":1},{"name":"120mg/","perml":"tab","value":120,"id":2},{"name":"160mg/","perml":"tab","value":160,"id":3},{"name":"240mg/","perml":"tab","value":240,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. A dosage of 10-20 mg per cat q12h also has been used.","felineDosage":"Tachyarrhythmia:1-3 mg/kg PO q12h titrated upward to effect","fluids":"","formulations":"80, 120, 160, and 240 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreatment of atrial fibrillation:2 mg/kg PO q12h for 3 days. Ventricular tachycardia:1 mg/kg PO q12h up to 2-3 mg/kg PO q12h. (Increase dose as needed to control the response.)","multiply":"","name":"Sotalol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2 mg/kg q12h PO. (For medium- to large-breed dogs, begin with 40 mg per dog q12h; then increase to 80 mg per dog if no response.) Cats1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. A dosage of 10-20 mg per cat q12h also has been used.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sotalol (Betapace)","value":354},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI upset and electrolyte imbalance. Severe facial excoriations may limit use in cats. Contraindicated in hypoadrenocorticism, hyperkalemia, or hyponatremia. Do not administer spironolactone in conjunction with NSAIDs to dogs with renal insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Aldactone","bsa":"","calc":"Spironolactone","calcID":"Spironolactone2","canine_dose":"2-4 mg/kg/day (or 1-2 mg/kg q12h) PO. In dogs, start with 2 mg/kg/day and increase gradually, not to exceed 4 mg/kg/day. In Europe, the approved dosage for dogs is 2 mg/kg/day.","canineDosage":"Adjunctive therapy of CHF:1-2 mg/kg PO q 12-24h; not first-line diuretic","catdose":"","category":"Diuretic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":2},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":4},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":5},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"drugName":"Spironolactone","feline_dose":"Use in cats is controversial because it may produce dermatitis and because the efficacy is questionable. However, dosages in the range of 2-4 mg/kg/day (or 1-2 mg/kg q12h) PO have been administered for some conditions.","felineDosage":"Hyperaldosteronism:2 mg/kg PO q12h titrated prnAdjunctive for cardiomyopathy:1-3 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"25, 50, and 100 mg tablets. Tablets can be split easily. In Europe, there is an approved formulation for animals. In the United States, the human generic formulation is used. Oral suspension:5 mg/ml.","hide":"","index":52,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Spironolactone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2-4 mg/kg/day (or 1-2 mg/kg q12h) PO. In dogs, start with 2 mg/kg/day and increase gradually, not to exceed 4 mg/kg/day. In Europe, the approved dosage for dogs is 2 mg/kg/day. CatsUse in cats is controversial because it may produce dermatitis and because the efficacy is questionable. However, dosages in the range of 2-4 mg/kg/day (or 1-2 mg/kg q12h) PO have been administered for some conditions.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Spironolactone (Aldactone)","value":355},{"administration":"No longer available in the United States. Compounding pharmacists may prepare oral dosage forms. CSS-III.","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in pregnancy and breeding animals. Cats may suffer severe hepatotoxicity. Adverse effects include electrolyte imbalance, behavioral change, GI upset, and hepatotoxicity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Winstrol-V","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"2 mg/dog (or range of 1-4 mg/dog) q12h PO. The FDA-approved dosages are 1-2 mg per dog (small breeds) q12h and 2-4 mg per dog q12h for large breeds. The tablets may be crushed and administered in food. 25 (small breeds) to 50 mg/dog (large breeds) per week IM.","canineDosage":"Anabolic steroid:1-4 mg/DOG PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Oral:1-2 mg/cat q12h PO. The tablets may be crushed and administered in food. Injection:25 mg/cat/wk IM (use cautiously in cats).","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"Oral:2 mg tablets, regular and chewable for dogs. Stanozolol50 mg/ml injection as a sterile suspension. However, there has been limited availability of veterinary injectable formulations. Commercial forms have been withdrawn from the market, but some compounding sources still persist.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.55 mg/kg (5 ml per 1000 lb) or 25 mg per 100 lb IM once a week for up to 4 weeks.","multiply":"","name":"Stanozolol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2 mg/dog (or range of 1-4 mg/dog) q12h PO. The FDA-approved dosages are 1-2 mg per dog (small breeds) q12h and 2-4 mg per dog q12h for large breeds. The tablets may be crushed and administered in food. 25 (small breeds) to 50 mg/dog (large breeds) per week IM. CatsOral:1-2 mg/cat q12h PO. The tablets may be crushed and administered in food. Injection:25 mg/cat/wk IM (use cautiously in cats).","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Stanozolol (Winstrol-V)","value":356},{"administration":"Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Use with extreme caution in patients with decreased renal, bone marrow, or hepatic function. May cause permanent DM. Adverse effects are typically GI upset and hepatotoxicity. Myelosuppression may also occur.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Streptozotocin, Zanosar","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Insulinoma:500 mg/m2 infusion preceded and followed by extensive IV fluid diuresis","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Streptozotocin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Streptozotocin (Streptozotocin, Zanosar)","value":357},{"administration":"Tablets (can be dissolved in water just before administration), oral suspension; give on empty stomach 30 minutes before meals.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Constipation or vomiting (cats) can occur. May impair absorption of several oral medications (separate dosing by 2 hours when possible).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Carafate","bsa":"","calc":"Sucralfate","calcID":"Sucralfate2","canine_dose":"0.5-1 g q8-12h PO. If tablets are used in dogs, it is advised to crush up tablets to form a liquid suspension prior to administration.","canineDosage":"Esophageal/gastric protectant:0.25-1 g/DOG PO q 4-12h; use suspension for esophageal disease","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1000,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":125,"dosemin":25,"doseper":50,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":50,"drugName":"Sucralfate","feline_dose":"0.25 g (one-fourth tablet) q8-12h PO.","felineDosage":"Esophageal/gastric protectant:0.25-0.5 g/CAT PO q 4-12h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1-g tablets and a 200 mg/ml oral suspension.","hide":"","index":160,"infoLink":"Commonly administered at ¼ to ½ of a 1g tablet (250-500 mg) for small dogs and cats and 1g PO 2-4 times a day for large dogs","large_animal_dosage":"Foals1 g q8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Sucralfate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg tab","route":"PO Q6-12hrs","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5-1 g q8-12h PO. If tablets are used in dogs, it is advised to crush up tablets to form a liquid suspension prior to administration. Cats0.25 g (one-fourth tablet) q8-12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sucralfate (Carafate)","value":358},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include KCS, GI upset, blood dyscrasia, and hypersensitivity reactions. Doberman pinschers are more susceptible to polyarthritis caused by sulfonamides; use with caution in this breed.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Primor","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:55 mg/kg PO initially, then 27.5 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Sulfadimethoxine/ormetoprim","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Sulfadimethoxine/ormetoprim (Primor)","value":359},{"administration":"Tablets, oral suspension","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include KCS, GI upset, blood dyscrasia, and hypersensitivity reactions. Doberman pinschers are more susceptible to polyarthritis caused by sulfonamides; use with caution in this breed.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Tribrissen, Bactrim, Septra","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infections:15-30 mg/kg PO q12h; higher dose for nocardiosis","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infections:15-30 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim (TMS, co-trimoxazole, Tribrissen)","value":360},{"administration":"Tablets; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include KCS, GI upset, blood dyscrasia, and hypersensitivity reactions. Doberman pinschers are more susceptible to polyarthritis caused by sulfonamides; use with caution in this breed.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Azulfidine","bsa":"","calc":"Sulfasalazine","calcID":"Sulfasalazine2","canine_dose":"10-30 mg/kg q8-12h PO.","canineDosage":"IBD:20-50 mg/kg PO q 8-12hAdjunct therapy for vasculitis:20-40 mg/kg PO q8h","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":500,"decimal":2,"dosemax":50,"dosemin":10,"doseper":20,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":20,"drugName":"Sulfasalazine","feline_dose":"20 mg/kg q12h PO.","felineDosage":"IBD:10-20 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","formulations":"500 mg tablets and has been compounded as an oral suspension for smaller animals.","hide":"","index":141,"large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Sulfasalazine","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"tab","route":"PO BID,TID - <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs10-30 mg/kg q8-12h PO. Cats20 mg/kg q12h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","title":"Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine)","value":361},{"administration":"Topical ointment. Owner must wear gloves and avoid contact (increased risk for cancers in humans).","adverseEffects":"Avoid human contact. Well tolerated for topical skin application.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Prograf, Protopic","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Perianal fistulae or other immunologically mediated skin disorder:Applied to site of affected skin (use gloves) q12h initially, reducing frequency once disease improves","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Tacrolimus","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Topical","small_animal_dosage":"Apply topical ointment (0.1%) to localized lesions on affected areas of skin. It has been used in dogs twice daily. For perianal fistula, it has been applied twice daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Tacrolimus","value":362},{"administration":"Tablets","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are typically GI upset. Do not use concurrently with nitrates. Use with extreme caution in patients with resting hypotension, fluid depletion, severe left ventricular outflow obstruction, or autonomic dysfunction.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Cialis","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"Pulmonary hypertension:2 mg/kg q24h PO. Dose interval may be variable, depending on response. Megaesophagus:dose not established","canineDosage":"Pulmonary hypertension:2-3 mg/kg PO q24h; can be titrated up","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Dose not established","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Tadalafil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsPulmonary hypertension:2 mg/kg q24h PO. Dose interval may be variable, depending on response. Megaesophagus:dose not established CatsDose not established","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Tadalafil (Cialis)","value":363},{"administration":"Sustained-release capsules","adverseEffects":"Sustained-release dosage forms make extrapolation to small animals difficult. Adverse effects may include hypotension.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Flomax","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.1-0.4 mg per dog. Often a full capsule (0.4 mg per dog) is administered q24h PO. It is effective at 10-30 mcg/kg, but such a precise dose may be difficult because of the capsule size.","canineDosage":"Urethral relaxant:0.01-0.2 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.1-0.4 mg per cat q24h PO.","felineDosage":"Urethral relaxant:0.004-0.006 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Tamsulosin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.4 mg per dog. Often a full capsule (0.4 mg per dog) is administered q24h PO. It is effective at 10-30 mcg/kg, but such a precise dose may be difficult because of the capsule size. Cats0.1-0.4 mg per cat q24h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Tamsulosin (Flomax)","value":364},{"administration":"Tablets OTC","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Taurine","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"DCM:0.5-1 g/DOG PO q 8-12h for dogs weighing <25 kg and 1-2 g/DOG PO q 8-12h for dogs weighing >25 kg","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250 mg","perml":"cap","value":250},{"name":"500 mg","perml":"cap","value":500}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":25,"dosemax":50,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":40,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"DCM:250-500 mg/CAT PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Taurine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Taurine","value":365},{"administration":"Tablets, compounded oral solution. Expensive.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include hypotension, GI upset, and anemias. Contraindicated in pregnancy. Do not use in uncorrected hypovolemia or electrolyte imbalance.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Semintra, Micardis","bsa":"","calc":"Telmisartan","calcID":"Telmisartan2","canine_dose":"Proteinuria:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q12-24h; titrate up as needed to a maximum of 5 mg/kg/day.","canineDosage":"Proteinuria:0.5-1 mg/kg PO q 12-24h; titrate up prn to maximum 5 mg/kg/d","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"4mg/","perml":"ml","value":4,"id":2},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":4},{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1.5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1.5,"drugName":"Telmisartan","feline_dose":"Hypertension:1.5 mg/kg PO q12h for 14 days, then 0.5-2 mg/kg PO q24h. Proteinuria/CKD:1 mg/kg PO q24h. Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action Telmisartan is a vasodilator that functions as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Angiotensin II acts primarily on the type 1 and type 2 receptors, but telmisartan has high affinity and selectivity for the angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT-1) receptor and preserves the beneficial effects from the AT-2 subtype (angiotensin II, subtype 2 receptor). Compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, it directly blocks the receptor, rather than inhibits synthesis of angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is produced in animals with heart disease and kidney disease and in response to an activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Telmisartan has a long binding affinity for the angiotensin II receptor, producing long-lasting effects and is capable of blocking the AT-1 receptor, regardless of the source of angiotensin; therefore it is effective in states of angiotensin breakthrough. Telmisartan and other ARBs have been used in people who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors. ARBs have the advantage of being less likely to induce hyperkalemia and are more easily tolerated in people. In cats, telmisartan has an approved indication for treating hypertension in cats and has been shown to be superior to ACE inhibitors for this use. It was approved for use in cats by the FDA in May 2018. Hypertension in cats is a common problem that often occurs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hyperthyroidism. Proteinuria has been associated with renal hypertension, and telmisartan can be helpful to decrease proteinuria. In dogs, telmisartan does not have an FDA-approved indication but is used to treat hypertension when other agents have been ineffective. It may produce a more complete blockade of aldosterone production than ACE inhibitors. Telmisartan may have some anticancer properties through activation of a receptor that can induce apoptosis of cancer cells The application of this property in animals has so far been unexplored.Pharmacokinetics:Telmisartan has a longer half-life and is more lipophilic than other ARBs. In dogs, the half-life is approximately 5 hours. In cats, the oral bioavailability is approximately 33%. Oral absorption is lower with feeding, but it may be administered with a small amount of food if necessary, without decrease in efficacy. Peak concentration occurs in 15-30 minutes after administration. The half-life in cats is approximately 8-8.5 hours. By comparison, the half-life in people is 20-24 hours. Indications and Clinical Uses Telmisartan is the only ARB that has been rigorously tested in cats. It was more effective than ACE inhibitors, irbesartan, and losartan. Compared with placebo, it significantly lowers the systolic blood pressure in cats after 14 days of treatment. In cats, the approved indication is for treatment of hypertension and proteinuria caused by CKD. In cats, it can be considered a first choice for treating hypertension and has been preferred over ACE inhibitors such as benazepril. The use in dogs is based on less rigorous studies, but studies in experimental animals and anecdotal experience support the use. In dogs, it is generally used for hypertension and proteinuria when other agents such as ACE inhibitors (e.g., enalapril, benazepril) are ineffective or not tolerated. In experimental dogs, telmisartan (1 mg/kg) was more effective than enalapril. It has also been administered concurrently with other antihypertensive agents in dogs. A related drug, irbesartan (30 mg/kg q12h), has also been shown to block angiotensin II receptors in dogs, but losartan is less potent because it relies mostly on an active metabolite that dogs do not produce (see Losartan for more details). Because telmisartan is more active than losartan in dogs and easily available to veterinarians, it should be a preferred if an angiotensin II blocker is needed. Precautionary Information Adverse Reactions and Side Effects Adverse effects have been uncommon, but clinical trials in cats have shown vomiting, hypersalivation, weight loss, diarrhea, lethargy, anemia, and hypotension. Drugs that act on the RAAS can produce a decrease in red blood cell count. If hypotension is observed, a dose adjustment is appropriate. If severe hypotension is observed, treat with fluid therapy until the patient is stabilized; then re-evaluate the dose or the drug regimen. In cats, there was no increase in creatinine even in cats with stage 2 or 3 CKD. During safety studies, up to five times the approved dose was administered to cats for 6 months, and adverse effects were not observed other than those listed earlier, which included hypotension and decreased red blood cell count. Contraindications and Precautions No specific contraindications have been reported for animals. Safety in breeding, pregnant, or lactating animals has not been established. Drug Interactions Combined use of an ARB and an ACE inhibitor may increase the risk of kidney injury because of dual blockade. This may be associated with increased risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and changes in kidney function. Instructions for Use In cats, the dose protocols are based on the FDA-approved indications and label instructions for treating proteinuria in cats with CKD. The oral solution is well tolerated in cats and can be administered directly or with small amounts of food. It should not be mixed in with food but can be given simultaneously with a meal. When using the dosing syringe, rinse with water between treatments. In dogs, the use is based more on anecdotal experience and studies in research dogs but is an accepted use by most cardiologists. Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests Monitor blood pressure in treated animals. Typically, the blood pressure should be checked within 7-10 days of initiating treatment. If the patient is stable, blood pressure measurements can be performed at the same time as regular checkups. If blood pressure is too low (defined as less than 120/60 mm Hg) with clinical signs of weakness, syncope, or tachycardia, the dose should be lowered by 0.5 mg/kg increments. Monitor the complete blood count (CBC) periodically during treatment because of a risk of lower red blood cell count. FormulationsTelmisartan is available for cats as a 10 mg/ml oral solution in a 35-ml bottle. Tablets:formulation for people in sizes of 20, 40, and 80 mg tablets.Stability and Storage Store in a tightly sealed container, protected from light, and at room temperature. Stability of compounded formulations has not been evaluated. Small Animal DosageDogs1 mg/kg once per day PO as a starting dosage. Increase to 3 mg/kg once per day and then to twice daily if needed. Cats1.5 mg/kg PO q12h initially for the first 14 days. Thereafter, 2 mg/kg PO q24h. For the oral solution, this is equivalent to 0.2 ml/kg. May be administered directly or with small amount of food, but not mixed in with food. Adjust the dose by 0.5 mg/kg increments by monitoring the blood pressure. Cats that are hypotensive from 2 mg/kg are usually adjusted down to 1 mg/kg.","felineDosage":"Proteinuria:1 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"is available for cats as a 10 mg/ml oral solution in a 35-ml bottle. Tablets:formulation for people in sizes of 20, 40, and 80 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":54,"large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses have been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Telmisartan","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO,(<i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 1.5mg/kg BID x 14,then to 0.5-2 mg/kg SID)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs500 mg/dog q12h PO. Cats250 mg/cat q12h PO. Pharmacology and Mechanism of Action Telmisartan is a vasodilator that functions as an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB). Angiotensin II acts primarily on the type 1 and type 2 receptors, but telmisartan has high affinity and selectivity for the angiotensin II subtype 1 (AT-1) receptor and preserves the beneficial effects from the AT-2 subtype (angiotensin II, subtype 2 receptor). Compared with angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, it directly blocks the receptor, rather than inhibits synthesis of angiotensin II. Angiotensin II is produced in animals with heart disease and kidney disease and in response to an activated renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS). Telmisartan has a long binding affinity for the angiotensin II receptor, producing long-lasting effects and is capable of blocking the AT-1 receptor, regardless of the source of angiotensin; therefore it is effective in states of angiotensin breakthrough. Telmisartan and other ARBs have been used in people who cannot tolerate ACE inhibitors. ARBs have the advantage of being less likely to induce hyperkalemia and are more easily tolerated in people. In cats, telmisartan has an approved indication for treating hypertension in cats and has been shown to be superior to ACE inhibitors for this use. It was approved for use in cats by the FDA in May 2018. Hypertension in cats is a common problem that often occurs with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and hyperthyroidism. Proteinuria has been associated with renal hypertension, and telmisartan can be helpful to decrease proteinuria. In dogs, telmisartan does not have an FDA-approved indication but is used to treat hypertension when other agents have been ineffective. It may produce a more complete blockade of aldosterone production than ACE inhibitors. Telmisartan may have some anticancer properties through activation of a receptor that can induce apoptosis of cancer cells The application of this property in animals has so far been unexplored.Pharmacokinetics:Telmisartan has a longer half-life and is more lipophilic than other ARBs. In dogs, the half-life is approximately 5 hours. In cats, the oral bioavailability is approximately 33%. Oral absorption is lower with feeding, but it may be administered with a small amount of food if necessary, without decrease in efficacy. Peak concentration occurs in 15-30 minutes after administration. The half-life in cats is approximately 8-8.5 hours. By comparison, the half-life in people is 20-24 hours. Indications and Clinical Uses Telmisartan is the only ARB that has been rigorously tested in cats. It was more effective than ACE inhibitors, irbesartan, and losartan. Compared with placebo, it significantly lowers the systolic blood pressure in cats after 14 days of treatment. In cats, the approved indication is for treatment of hypertension and proteinuria caused by CKD. In cats, it can be considered a first choice for treating hypertension and has been preferred over ACE inhibitors such as benazepril. The use in dogs is based on less rigorous studies, but studies in experimental animals and anecdotal experience support the use. In dogs, it is generally used for hypertension and proteinuria when other agents such as ACE inhibitors (e.g., enalapril, benazepril) are ineffective or not tolerated. In experimental dogs, telmisartan (1 mg/kg) was more effective than enalapril. It has also been administered concurrently with other antihypertensive agents in dogs. A related drug, irbesartan (30 mg/kg q12h), has also been shown to block angiotensin II receptors in dogs, but losartan is less potent because it relies mostly on an active metabolite that dogs do not produce (see Losartan for more details). Because telmisartan is more active than losartan in dogs and easily available to veterinarians, it should be a preferred if an angiotensin II blocker is needed. Precautionary Information Adverse Reactions and Side Effects Adverse effects have been uncommon, but clinical trials in cats have shown vomiting, hypersalivation, weight loss, diarrhea, lethargy, anemia, and hypotension. Drugs that act on the RAAS can produce a decrease in red blood cell count. If hypotension is observed, a dose adjustment is appropriate. If severe hypotension is observed, treat with fluid therapy until the patient is stabilized; then re-evaluate the dose or the drug regimen. In cats, there was no increase in creatinine even in cats with stage 2 or 3 CKD. During safety studies, up to five times the approved dose was administered to cats for 6 months, and adverse effects were not observed other than those listed earlier, which included hypotension and decreased red blood cell count. Contraindications and Precautions No specific contraindications have been reported for animals. Safety in breeding, pregnant, or lactating animals has not been established. Drug Interactions Combined use of an ARB and an ACE inhibitor may increase the risk of kidney injury because of dual blockade. This may be associated with increased risks of hypotension, hyperkalemia, and changes in kidney function. Instructions for Use In cats, the dose protocols are based on the FDA-approved indications and label instructions for treating proteinuria in cats with CKD. The oral solution is well tolerated in cats and can be administered directly or with small amounts of food. It should not be mixed in with food but can be given simultaneously with a meal. When using the dosing syringe, rinse with water between treatments. In dogs, the use is based more on anecdotal experience and studies in research dogs but is an accepted use by most cardiologists. Patient Monitoring and Laboratory Tests Monitor blood pressure in treated animals. Typically, the blood pressure should be checked within 7-10 days of initiating treatment. If the patient is stable, blood pressure measurements can be performed at the same time as regular checkups. If blood pressure is too low (defined as less than 120/60 mm Hg) with clinical signs of weakness, syncope, or tachycardia, the dose should be lowered by 0.5 mg/kg increments. Monitor the complete blood count (CBC) periodically during treatment because of a risk of lower red blood cell count. FormulationsTelmisartan is available for cats as a 10 mg/ml oral solution in a 35-ml bottle. Tablets:formulation for people in sizes of 20, 40, and 80 mg tablets.Stability and Storage Store in a tightly sealed container, protected from light, and at room temperature. Stability of compounded formulations has not been evaluated. Small Animal DosageDogs1 mg/kg once per day PO as a starting dosage. Increase to 3 mg/kg once per day and then to twice daily if needed. Cats1.5 mg/kg PO q12h initially for the first 14 days. Thereafter, 2 mg/kg PO q24h. For the oral solution, this is equivalent to 0.2 ml/kg. May be administered directly or with small amount of food, but not mixed in with food. Adjust the dose by 0.5 mg/kg increments by monitoring the blood pressure. Cats that are hypotensive from 2 mg/kg are usually adjusted down to 1 mg/kg.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Telmisartan (Semintra, Micardis)","value":366},{"administration":"Tablets, granules; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated, but GI upset, facial dermatitis, or swelling can occur. Use with caution and adjust dosing in patients with renal and hepatic insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Lamisil","bsa":"","calc":"Terbinafine","calcID":"Terbinafine2","canine_dose":"30-40 mg/kg q24h PO (with food) for 2-3 weeks.","canineDosage":"Susceptible systemic mycoses:30-35 mg/kg PO q 8-12h, often combined with other antifungalMalassezia:30 mg/kg PO q24h","catdose":"","category":"Antifungal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":250,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":35,"dosemin":10,"doseper":30,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":30,"drugName":"Terbinafine","feline_dose":"30-40 mg/kg/day PO for at least 2 weeks. Or administer one quarter of a tablet for small cats (62.5 mg), half a tablet for medium-size cats (125 mg), and one tablet for large cats (250 mg), all administered once daily.","felineDosage":"Susceptible dermatologic mycosis:20-30 mg/kg PO q24h for 7 days, skip 21 days and repeat pulse dosing","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"250 mg tablets, 1% topical solution, and 1% topical cream.","hide":"","index":55,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses30 mg/kg PO q12h. However, there are no studies to demonstrate efficacy in horses.","multiply":"","name":"Terbinafine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SID to BID, <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 20mg/kg SID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs30-40 mg/kg q24h PO (with food) for 2-3 weeks. Cats30-40 mg/kg/day PO for at least 2 weeks. Or administer one quarter of a tablet for small cats (62.5 mg), half a tablet for medium-size cats (125 mg), and one tablet for large cats (250 mg), all administered once daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Terbinafine (Lamisil)","value":367},{"administration":"Tablets, injection (do not administer injections IV)","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include increased heart rate, tremors, CNS excitement, and dizziness. Use with caution if at all in DM, hyperthyroidism, hypertension, seizure disorders, or cardiac disease. Do not administer injections IV.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Brethine","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"1.25-5 mg/dog q8h PO. 3-5 mcg/kg (0.003-0.005 mg/kg) SQ, usually as a single dose in an emergency. If necessary, repeat in 4-6 h.","canineDosage":"Bronchodilator, beta agonist:1.25-5 mg/DOG PO q 8-12h; commonly used scheme 0.625-1.25 mg for small dogs; 1.25-2.5 mg for medium dogs; 2.5-5 mg for large dogs; PO q12hTocolytic for premature labor:0.03 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"0.1 mg/kg q8h PO. 0.625 mg/cat (one quarter of a 2.5 mg tablet) q12h PO. 5-10 mcg/kg (0.005-0.01 mg/kg) q4h SQ or IM. The most common dose in cats is 0.05 mg per cat (equivalent to 0.05 ml) injected SQ.","felineDosage":"Bronchodilator, beta agonist acute use:0.01 mg/kg SQ or IM once; chronic use:0.625-1.25 mg/CAT PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"2.5 and 5 mg tablets and 1 mg vials with a concentration of 1 mg/ml for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesNot absorbed orally. Use IV for treatment of chronic RAO:2-5 mcg/kg q6-8h IV or as needed.","multiply":"","name":"Terbutaline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs1.25-5 mg/dog q8h PO. 3-5 mcg/kg (0.003-0.005 mg/kg) SQ, usually as a single dose in an emergency. If necessary, repeat in 4-6 h. Cats0.1 mg/kg q8h PO. 0.625 mg/cat (one quarter of a 2.5 mg tablet) q12h PO. 5-10 mcg/kg (0.005-0.01 mg/kg) q4h SQ or IM. The most common dose in cats is 0.05 mg per cat (equivalent to 0.05 ml) injected SQ.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Terbutaline (Brethine)","value":368},{"administration":"Injection (tablets available but dosing not described in animals). CSS-III.","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in pregnancy. Use with caution in patients with renal, cardiac, or hepatic dysfunction. Not for use in female animals. Adverse effects include perianal adenomas, perineal hernias, prostatic disorders, and behavioral changes (aggression).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Depo-Testosterone, AndroGel","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Hormone-responsive urinary incontinence in males:2.2 mg/kg IM q 30 days","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100 mg/ml","perml":"ml","value":100},{"name":"200 mg/ml","perml":"ml","value":200}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":0.5,"dosemax":2,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":1,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"cypionate ester100 and 200 mg/ml injections. Testosterone propionate ester100 mg/ml injections.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"There are no large animal formulations available except for implants for calves. Do not administer injections to animals intended for food.","multiply":"","name":"Testosterone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, Topical","small_animal_dosage":"Testosterone cypionate ester:1-2 mg/kg every 2-4 weeks IM. Testosterone propionate ester:0.5-1 mg/kg two to three times per week IM.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Testosterone","value":369},{"administration":"Give with food to minimize GI upset. Sustained-release tablets are no longer available. Immediate-release capsules may be prepared by compounding pharmacists.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include CNS stimulation and GI upset. Other adverse effects include insomnia, increased gastric acid secretion, diarrhea, PU/PD. Use with extreme caution in severe cardiac disease, seizure disorders, gastric ulcers, hyperthyroidism, renal or hepatic disease (50% dosage reduction), severe hypoxia, or severe hypertension.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Theo-24, Theodur, Uniphyl","bsa":"","calc":"Theophylline","calcID":"Theophylline2","canine_dose":"Theophylline:9 mg/kg q8h PO (immediate-release formulations). Theophylline sustained release:10 mg/kg q12h PO.","canineDosage":"Bronchodilator:10 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Respiratory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"tab","value":200,"id":2},{"name":"300mg/","perml":"tab","value":300,"id":3},{"name":"400mg/","perml":"tab","value":400,"id":4},{"name":"450mg/","perml":"tab","value":450,"id":5},{"name":"600mg/","perml":"tab","value":600,"id":6},{"name":"80mg/15","perml":"ml","value":5.33,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":10,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Theophylline","feline_dose":"4 mg/kg q8-12h PO (immediate-release formulations). Theophylline sustained release:20 mg/kg for tablets (100 mg per cat) q24h PO or 25 mg/kg for ER capsule (125 mg per cat) q24h PO. With long-term use in cats, this interval may be increased to q48h.","felineDosage":"Bronchodilator:15-25 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"has been available in 100, 125, 200, 250, and 300 mg tablets; 27 mg/5-ml (5.3 mg/ml) oral solution or elixir; and injection in 5% dextrose. Theophylline extended release was available in 100, 200, 300, 400, 450, and 600 mg tablets. However, availability of various sizes of ER formulations may vary, and most are no longer available. Some veterinarians have relied on compounded immediate-release tablets and capsules. But there is no evidence that the compounded versions are equivalent to the proprietary formulations. Transdermal theophylline in Lipoderm and PLO gel has been tested but produced ineffective plasma concentrations.","hide":"","index":53,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses, treatment of equine asthma syndrome, with RAO:5 mg/kg q12h PO. Although theophylline has been administered to horses intravenously, this administration has caused transient excitement and restlessness. Give IV administration slowly. Cattle use as a bronchodilator:20 mg/kg q12h PO. When treating diseases secondary to virus infections, decrease frequency to once every 24 hours.","multiply":"","name":"Theophylline","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO BID, SID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsTheophylline:9 mg/kg q8h PO (immediate-release formulations). Theophylline sustained release:10 mg/kg q12h PO. Cats4 mg/kg q8-12h PO (immediate-release formulations). Theophylline sustained release:20 mg/kg for tablets (100 mg per cat) q24h PO or 25 mg/kg for ER capsule (125 mg per cat) q24h PO. With long-term use in cats, this interval may be increased to q48h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Theophylline","value":370},{"administration":"Tablets OTC, injection","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Pain on injection has been reported. Hypersensitivity to excipients may cause anaphylactoid reactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"vitamin B1","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"10-100 mg/dog/day PO. 12.5-50 mg/dog/day IM or SQ.","canineDosage":"Thiamine deficiency:10-100 mg/DOG IM, IV, PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":5,"dosemax":25,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"5-30 mg/cat/day PO up to a maximum dosage of 50 mg/cat/day. 12.5-25 mg/cat/day IM or SQ.","felineDosage":"Thiamine deficiency:50-100 mg/CAT IM, IV, PO q12h","fluids":"","formulations":"250-mcg/5-ml elixir, 5- to 500 mg tablets, and 100 and 500 mg/ml injections. Vitamin B complex aqueous solutions for injection usually contain 12.5 mg/ml of vitamin B1.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"All dosages are listed on a per-animal basis. Lambs12.5-25 mg/day IM.Sheep andPigs65-125 mg/day IM.Calves and Foals37.5-65 mg/day IM.Cattle andHorses125-250 mg/day IM.","multiply":"","name":"Thiamine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IM, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs10-100 mg/dog/day PO. 12.5-50 mg/dog/day IM or SQ. Cats5-30 mg/cat/day PO up to a maximum dosage of 50 mg/cat/day. 12.5-25 mg/cat/day IM or SQ.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Thiamine (vitamin B1)","value":371},{"administration":"Not commercially available at present","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated but can cause anaphylaxis or allergic reactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Timentin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Susceptible infection:20-50 mg/kg IV q 6-8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"3.1 g vial","perml":"vial","value":3100},{"name":"3.2 g vial","perml":"vial","value":3200}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":50,"dosemax":80,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":60,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Susceptible infection:20-50 mg/kg IV q 6-8h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Ticarcillin-clavulanate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ticarcillin-clavulanate (Timentin)","value":372},{"administration":"Injection. CSS-III.","adverseEffects":"Respiratory depression, pain on injection, and tachycardia often occur. Contraindicated in animals with severe cardiac, pulmonary, or pancreatic disease. May cause prolonged recoveries in animals with renal disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Telazol","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Sedation for minor procedures:9.9-13.2 mg/kg IM (lower dose may be adequate for restraint)","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Sedation for minor procedures:9.9-13.2 mg/kg IM","fluids":"","formulations":"and zolazepam50 mg of each component per milliliter (100 mg total per milliliter).","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"(All doses listed are based on the combined milligrams of each component.) Pigs3.5-6 mg/kg IM. (The addition of a muscle relaxant and sedative is recommended; see later.) The TXK protocol for pigs:To prepare this solution, add 2.5 ml of ketamine (100 mg/ml) and 2.5 ml of xylazine (100 mg/ml) to one vial of tiletamine-zolazepam powder. This solution contains 100 mg/ml of tiletamine and ketamine plus 50 mg/ml each of xylazine and zolazepam. Administer this solution IM at a dose of 1 ml per 35-75 kg.","multiply":"","name":"Tiletamine zolazepam","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IM, IV","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Tiletamine zolazepam (Telazol)","value":373},{"administration":"Tablets; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse GI effects are likely, and the manufacturer recommends concurrent treatment with prokinetics and gastroprotectants. Other adverse effects include muscle cramping/pain, neutropenia, hypoalbuminemia, thromboembolic disease, vasculitis, pancreatitis, nasal depigmentation, change in coat or skin color, epistaxis, seizures, pruritus, and increased systolic blood pressure. May cause thromboemboli and edema. Mast cell degranulation during treatment may require discontinuation of therapy. Do not use in pregnant animals.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Palladia","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"The approved label dosage is 3.25 mg/kg PO every other day. However, medical oncologists recommend a lower dosage of 2.5-2.75 mg/kg per dose and treat on a schedule of 3 days per week (e.g., Monday, Wednesday, Friday). The minimum effective dosage is 2.2 mg/kg every other day. If adverse reactions occur, discontinue the drug (for up to 2 weeks) and reinstate treatment at a lower dose.","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:2.4-2.75 mg/kg PO q 48h is better tolerated with less toxicities than the labeled dose","catdose":2.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg","perml":"tab","value":10},{"name":"15 mg","perml":"tab","value":15},{"name":"50 mg","perml":"tab","value":50}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":3.25,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":2.5,"dosemax":3.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":3.25,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"2.5-2.75 mg/kg given three times per week or once every other day.","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:2.75 mg/kg PO q 48h or on a Monday-Wednesday-Friday type schedule","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Toceranib","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"DogsThe approved label dosage is 3.25 mg/kg PO every other day. However, medical oncologists recommend a lower dosage of 2.5-2.75 mg/kg per dose and treat on a schedule of 3 days per week (e.g., Monday, Wednesday, Friday). The minimum effective dosage is 2.2 mg/kg every other day. If adverse reactions occur, discontinue the drug (for up to 2 weeks) and reinstate treatment at a lower dose. Cats2.5-2.75 mg/kg given three times per week or once every other day.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Toceranib (Palladia)","value":375},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, and extended-release sprinkle capsules","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include GI distress, sedation, ataxia, inappetence, and irritability. In cats, sedation and inappetence have been noted. Use with caution in hepatic insufficiency.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Topamax","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Adjunctive antiepileptic:5-10 mg/kg PO q 8-12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"15 mg","perml":"cap","value":15},{"name":"25 mg","perml":"tab/cap","value":25},{"name":"50 mg","perml":"tab/cap","value":50},{"name":"100 mg","perml":"tab","value":100},{"name":"200 mg","perml":"tab","value":200}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Refractory epilepsy:12.5-25 mg/CAT PO q12h","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Topiramate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Topiramate (Topamax)","value":376},{"administration":"Tablets. Compounding pharmacists may prepare stable oral suspensions. Ensure that plenty of fresh drinking water is available at all times.","adverseEffects":"Can cause dehydration and potentially severe electrolyte disturbances. Use cautiously in significant hepatic dysfunction, hyperuricemia, or DM. Torsemide is 10× more potent than furosemide. Ensure adequate hydration.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Demadex","bsa":"","calc":"Torsemide","calcID":"Torsemide2","canine_dose":"0.2 mg/kg q12h PO. When switching from furosemide to torsemide, take the total daily dose of furosemide and divide by 10 and administer twice daily PO. (See Instructions for Use, above.)","canineDosage":"Diuretic for CHF:0.1-0.4 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":4},{"name":"10mg","perml":"/ml","value":10,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugName":"Torsemide","feline_dose":"No dose has been reported. The dose for dogs could be considered by referring to dosing guidelines.","felineDosage":"Diuretic for CHF:0.2-0.3 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"5, 10, 20, and 100 mg tablet sizes. Injection:10 mg/ml. Compounded formulation:5 mg/ml suspension prepared in Ora Plus and Ora Sweet vehicles in a 1:1 ratio. If not buffered, this suspension degrades in 7 days, but at a pH of 8.3, it is stable for 90 days stored at room temperature or in a refrigerator.","hide":"","index":193,"infoLink":"~10x more potent compared to Furosemide","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO. CattleDoses for cattle have not been established.","multiply":"","name":"Torsemide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, Q12-24h","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.2 mg/kg q12h PO. When switching from furosemide to torsemide, take the total daily dose of furosemide and divide by 10 and administer twice daily PO. (See Instructions for Use, above.) CatsNo dose has been reported. The dose for dogs could be considered by referring to dosing guidelines.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Torsemide (Demadex)","value":377},{"administration":"Tablets. Compounding pharmacists may prepare stable oral suspensions. Salty flavors may mask bitter taste for cats. CSS-IV.","adverseEffects":"Well tolerated but adverse effects include sedation, respiratory depression, and hypersalivation from the extremely bitter taste. Use with caution in presence of respiratory depression. Use with caution in animals with a history of seizures.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Ultram","bsa":"","calc":"Tramadol","calcID":"Tramadol2","canine_dose":"5 mg/kg q6-8h PO. If an injectable form is available at 4 mg/kg IV q6-8h.","canineDosage":"Analgesia:4-10 mg/kg PO q8h; begin at lower end of dose range and titrate upward if needed; analgesic effect may be delayed by days to weeks","catdose":1,"category":"Analgesic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 1-2mg/kg PO BID</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":5,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 2-10mg/kg PO TID,QID</span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":4,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Tramadol","feline_dose":"Start at 2 mg/kg and increase up to 4 mg/kg q8-12h PO. When injectable forms have been available, it also has been injected at a dosage of 2 mg/kg IV and 2-4 mg/kg SQ q8h.","felineDosage":"Analgesia:1-2 mg/kg PO q12h, questionable efficacy","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"immediate-release tablets are available in 50 mg tablets. Tramadol ER100, 200, or 300 mg tablets. Injection (not available in the United States):In Europe and other countries, an injectable formulation50 mg/ml injection that can be diluted further in 0.9% saline solution for IV administration. Compounded formulations of tramadol have been prepared in sterile water at a concentration of 10 mg/ml. This solution is stable up to 1 year if stored in the refrigerator protected from light.","hide":"","index":56,"infoLink":"Tramadol is available in Europe as an injection, 50 mg/ml. IV IM (2-2.5mg/kg Q6h, 3mg/Kg Q8h, 5 mg/kg Q12h)","large_animal_dosage":"Horses2 mg/kg IV (slowly) and 4-5 mg/kg PO. In horses, the optimum dosing interval is not known, but because of the short half-life, every 6 hours may be appropriate and extended to q12h in patients that respond favorably. Do not exceed 2 mg/kg IV or 5 mg/kg PO in horses.","multiply":"","name":"Tramadol","outputtext":"tramadoltext","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5 mg/kg q6-8h PO. If an injectable form is available at 4 mg/kg IV q6-8h. CatsStart at 2 mg/kg and increase up to 4 mg/kg q8-12h PO. When injectable forms have been available, it also has been injected at a dosage of 2 mg/kg IV and 2-4 mg/kg SQ q8h.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"title":"Tramadol (Ultram)","value":378},{"administration":"Tablets. Compounding pharmacists may prepare stable oral suspensions.","adverseEffects":"Do not use with MAO inhibitors (e.g., amitraz or selegiline) to avoid hypertension from serotonin syndrome. Well tolerated but adverse effects can include sedation (most common), ataxia, priapism, cardiac conduction disturbances, increased anxiety, and hyperreactivity.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Desyrel","bsa":"","calc":"Trazodone","calcID":"Trazodone2","canine_dose":"A typical starting dose for dogs is 5-8 mg/kg q12h; then increase the dose as needed to achieve desirable effects. Administer at least 1 hour prior to an anticipated event that may trigger anxiety. The frequency may vary from q8h toq24h, depending on the use. Alternatively, to avoid breaking tablets, give 25 or 50 mg per dog (depending on the dog’s size) once daily and increase gradually to a maximum of 300 mg per dose or 900 mg per dog per day.","canineDosage":"Anxiolytic:5-7 mg/kg PO q12h starting dose, adjusted prn. If given with tramadol, daily dose should be reduced to 3.5 mg/kg PO q12h until tramadol is discontinued.","catdose":"","category":"Behavior","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"25mg","value":25,"perml":"tab"},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":2},{"name":"150mg/","perml":"tab","value":150,"id":3},{"name":"300mg/","perml":"tab","value":300,"id":4},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":5},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":2.5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Trazodone","feline_dose":"50-100 mg per cat PO (peak effect occurs in 2-2.5 hours) as needed to control anxiety; 50 mg per cat is usually sufficient for most cats. Time to peak sedation in cats occurs in approximately 2 hours.","felineDosage":"Pre-stressor anxiolytic:50 mg/CAT PO 60-90 minutes before event (e.g., travel to veterinary clinic). Doses up to 100 mg/CAT can be used if needed.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"It 50, 75, 100, 150, and 300 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":57,"infoLink":"Treatment of anxiety-related disorders<table class=\"min-w-full divide-y divide-gray-200\"> <thead class=\"bg-gray-50\"> <tr> <th scope=\"col\"class=\"px-2 py-1 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider\"> Weight(kg) </th> <th scope=\"col\"class=\"px-2 py-1 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider\"> Initial Dosage (total NOT mg/kg) </th> <th scope=\"col\"class=\"px-2 py-1 text-left text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider\"> Target Dosage(total NOT mg/kg) </th> </tr></thead> <tbody> <tr class=\"bg-white\"> <td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900\"> <10kg </td><td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> ≤25mg every 8-24 hours <td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> ≤50mg every 8-24 hours </td></tr><tr class=\"bg-gray-50\"> <td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900\"> ≥10-20kg </td></td><td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> 50mg every 12-24 hours </td><td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> 100mg every 8-24 hours </td></tr><tr class=\"bg-white\"> <td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900\"> ≥20-40 kg </td><td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> 100mg every 12-24 hours </td><td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> 200mg every 8-24 hours </td></tr><tr class=\"bg-gray-50\"> <td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm font-medium text-gray-900\"> >40kg </td><td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> 100mg every 12-24 hours </td><td class=\"px-2 py-1 whitespace-nowrap text-sm text-gray-500\"> 200mg-300mg every 8-24 hours </td></tr></tbody> </table>","large_animal_dosage":"Trazodone has been studied in horses, but no safe and effective dose has been established.","multiply":"","name":"Trazodone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO BID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsA typical starting dose for dogs is 5-8 mg/kg q12h; then increase the dose as needed to achieve desirable effects. Administer at least 1 hour prior to an anticipated event that may trigger anxiety. The frequency may vary from q8h toq24h, depending on the use. Alternatively, to avoid breaking tablets, give 25 or 50 mg per dog (depending on the dog’s size) once daily and increase gradually to a maximum of 300 mg per dose or 900 mg per dog per day. Cats50-100 mg per cat PO (peak effect occurs in 2-2.5 hours) as needed to control anxiety; 50 mg per cat is usually sufficient for most cats. Time to peak sedation in cats occurs in approximately 2 hours.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Trazodone (Desyrel)","value":379},{"administration":"Tablets, powder, inhalants, ointments and creams, injection. Give oral products with food. Less potent than dexamethasone but more potent than prednisolone; available in intermediate- and long-acting (acetonide) forms.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are usually GI upset after oral use and those typical of glucocorticoid use (e.g., PU/PD, polyphagia, hypothalamic-pituitary suppression). Contraindicated during active infection or GI ulceration. Use with caution in DM, hypertension, CHF, renal insufficiency. No mineralocorticoid activity, so oral forms sometimes better tolerated than oral predniso(lo)ne. Do not use concurrently with NSAIDs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Vetalog","bsa":"","calc":"Triamcinolone","calcID":"Triamcinolone2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid:0.4-0.8 mg/kg IM, SQ, PO q24h, taperedImmunosuppressive:1.5-2.0 mg/kg PO, IM, SQ q24h, taperedIntralesional injection of long-acting acetonide:0.6 mg at one site, maximum 1.8 mg total dose, q 3-4 weeks at most","catdose":"","category":"Steroid Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"6mg/","perml":"ml","value":6,"id":2},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":3},{"name":"0.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.5,"id":4},{"name":"1.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":1.5,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.22,"dosemin":0.11,"doseper":0.11,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.11,"drugName":"Triamcinolone","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Anti-inflammatory glucocorticoid:0.4-1 mg/kg IM, SQ, PO q24h, taperedImmunosuppressive:1.5-3.0 mg/kg PO, IM, SQ q24h, taperedIntralesional injection of long-acting acetonide:0.6 mg at one site, maximum 1.8 mg total dose, q 3-4 weeks at most","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Vetalog (veterinary preparation of triamcinolone acetonide)0.5 and 1.5 mg tablets. Human preparations of triamcinolone acetonide are available in 1, 2, 4, 8, and 16 mg tablets, but many tablet sizes have been discontinued. Human tablets of 4 mg (scored tablet) are usually available. Triamcinolone hexacetonide (Canadian product)5 and 20 mg/ml suspension. Triamcinolone diacetate25 mg/ml suspension. Triamcinolone acetonide for injection10- or 40 mg/ml suspension (human form) or 2- and 6 mg/ml suspension (veterinary form).","hide":"","index":58,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses12-20 mg per horse IM. The maximum recommended dose is 0.05 mg/kg IM. Triamcinolone acetonide suspension:0.022-0.044 mg/kg as a single dose IM. RAO:0.09 mg/kg as a single dose IM. Intra-articular:6-18 mg as a total dose per joint (usually 9-12 mg). Repeat in 4-13 days if necessary. CattleTriamcinolone acetonide is not approved in cattle, and there are no established doses. If triamcinolone acetonide suspension is injected in cattle, the same dose regimens as used in horses can be used, and extralabel withdrawal times should be followed.","multiply":"","name":"Triamcinolone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Triamcinolone (Vetalog)","value":380},{"administration":"Capsules; give 1-2 hours before meals. Very expensive.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Acute kidney injury has occurred in dogs. Chronic dosing has resulted in dystonias, muscle spasms, and iron-deficiency anemia.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"cap","brandName":"Syprine","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"10-15 mg/kg q12h PO 1-2 hours before feeding.","canineDosage":"Copper chelation:10-15 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":250,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":10,"dosemax":15,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":12.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","fluids":"","formulations":"250 mg capsules.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Trientine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs10-15 mg/kg q12h PO 1-2 hours before feeding.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Trientine (Syprine)","value":381},{"administration":"Capsules. Can be compounded into stable solution. Give with food.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. Adverse effects include GI upset and mild hyponatremia/hyperkalemia. Adrenal necrosis and death have occurred.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Vetoryl","bsa":"","calc":"Trilostane","calcID":"Trilostane2","canine_dose":"Manufacturer’s label dosage is 2.2-6.7 mg/kg once per day PO (average, 5.9 mg/kg). However, many dogs are controlled with a lower dosage starting at 0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO (or 2-3 mg/kg once daily) and increased to 1.5-3.8 mg/kg q12h PO as needed based on testing. Refer to previous Instructions for Use section, for more complete dosing instructions. Adjust dosage based on cortisol measurements. Large dogs (weighing greater than 25-30 kg) may require a lower dosage than small dogs (weighing less than 15 kg), which can be verified through posttreatment testing. Treatment of alopecia X:9-12 mg/kg/day PO.","canineDosage":"Hyperadrenocorticism:2.2-7.0 mg/kg/d, may divide q12h; adjust based on ACTH stimulation test and clinical response","catdose":"","category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"cap","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"30mg/","perml":"cap","value":30,"id":3},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"cap","value":60,"id":4},{"name":"120mg/","perml":"cap","value":120,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":6.7,"dosemin":2.2,"doseper":2.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2.2,"drugName":"Trilostane","feline_dose":"Start with 1-2 mg/kg per day PO. Gradually increase as needed to 3-6 mg/kg q24h PO. The dosage for most cats is generally 10-30 mg per cat q24h. Some cats are better controlled with twice-daily administration. In these cats, start with 3 mg/kg q12h PO; then reevaluate and increase the dosage to 5 mg/kg q12h PO as needed.","felineDosage":"Hyperadrenocorticism:3.0-5.0 mg/kg PO q 12-24h; adjust based on ACTH stimulation test and clinical response","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":59,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.4-1 mg/kg/day PO (added to feed).","multiply":"","name":"Trilostane","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsManufacturer’s label dosage is 2.2-6.7 mg/kg once per day PO (average, 5.9 mg/kg). However, many dogs are controlled with a lower dosage starting at 0.5-1 mg/kg q12h PO (or 2-3 mg/kg once daily) and increased to 1.5-3.8 mg/kg q12h PO as needed based on testing. Refer to previous Instructions for Use section, for more complete dosing instructions. Adjust dosage based on cortisol measurements. Large dogs (weighing greater than 25-30 kg) may require a lower dosage than small dogs (weighing less than 15 kg), which can be verified through posttreatment testing. Treatment of alopecia X:9-12 mg/kg/day PO. CatsStart with 1-2 mg/kg per day PO. Gradually increase as needed to 3-6 mg/kg q24h PO. The dosage for most cats is generally 10-30 mg per cat q24h. Some cats are better controlled with twice-daily administration. In these cats, start with 3 mg/kg q12h PO; then reevaluate and increase the dosage to 5 mg/kg q12h PO as needed.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Trilostane (Vetoryl)","value":382},{"administration":"Tablets; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects are sedation, GI upset, and adverse effects of glucocorticoids (e.g., PU/PD, polyphagia). Contraindicated in presence of viral or systemic fungal infections, GI ulceration, and hyperadrenocorticism. Use with caution in hypertension, CHF, renal insufficiency. Do not use concurrently with NSAIDs.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Temaril-P","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. Prednisolone + trimeprazine:Start with 0.5 mg/kg of prednisolone + 1.25 mg/kg of trimeprazine per day. Taper the dosage to 0.3 mg/kg prednisolone + 0.75 mg/kg trimeprazine once daily or once every other day PO. Tablet equivalents:One-half tablet for dogs weighing less than 4.5 kg; one tablet for dogs 5-9 kg; two tablets for dogs 10-18 kg; and three tablets for dogs weighing more than 20 kg. All doses started with twice daily and eventually tapered to once daily and once every other day.","canineDosage":"Antihistamine with glucocorticoid:1 tab/5 kg BW PO q12h for 4-7 days, then 1 tab/5 kg BW PO q24h for 4-7 days, then 1 tab/5 kg BW PO q 48h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"It is not recommended for cats. Adverse effects have been reported from administration of trimeprazine in cats.","felineDosage":"Antihistamine with glucocorticoid:1 tab/CAT PO q12h (5 mg trimeprazine/2 mg prednisolone)","fluids":"","formulations":"2.5 mg/5-ml syrup and 2.5 mg tablets. Temaril-Ptablets that contain 5 mg trimeprazine + 2 mg prednisolone. Capsules are available with 3.75 mg of trimeprazine + 1 mg of prednisolone and 7.5 mg of trimeprazine + 2 mg of prednisolone.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Trimeprazine with prednisolone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 mg/kg q12h PO. Prednisolone + trimeprazine:Start with 0.5 mg/kg of prednisolone + 1.25 mg/kg of trimeprazine per day. Taper the dosage to 0.3 mg/kg prednisolone + 0.75 mg/kg trimeprazine once daily or once every other day PO. Tablet equivalents:One-half tablet for dogs weighing less than 4.5 kg; one tablet for dogs 5-9 kg; two tablets for dogs 10-18 kg; and three tablets for dogs weighing more than 20 kg. All doses started with twice daily and eventually tapered to once daily and once every other day. CatsIt is not recommended for cats. Adverse effects have been reported from administration of trimeprazine in cats.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Trimeprazine with prednisolone (Temaril-P)","value":383},{"administration":"Powder; give with food.","adverseEffects":"Generally well tolerated. May cause mild GI upset.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tsp","brandName":"Tylan","bsa":"","calc":"Tylosin","calcID":"Tylosin2","canine_dose":"7-15 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 8-11 mg/kg q12h IM. Colitis:12-20 mg/kg q8h with food; then if there is a response, increase the interval to q12h and eventually to q24h. (20 mg/kg is approximately 1/8 teaspoon of tylosin phosphate or Tylan for a 20-kg dog.)","canineDosage":"Antibiotic-responsive diarrhea:11-25 mg/kg PO q24h; 11 mg/kg PO q12h for 28 days (cryptosporidiosis)","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2500,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":25,"dosemin":10,"doseper":25,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":25,"drugName":"Tylosin","feline_dose":"7-15 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 8-11 mg/kg q12h IM.","felineDosage":"Use in cats is not described.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"tylosin phosphate and tylosin tartrate. Itsoluble powder of 100 g/lb of tylosin phosphate or approximately 3 g per teaspoon (Tylosin-100 type A-medicated premix). Tylosin tartrate is equal to 800 mcg/mg of tylosin base. Tylosin50 and 200 mg/ml injection (with propylene glycol).","hide":"","index":85,"infoLink":"For Clostridial colitis:10-40 mg/kg PO BID,TID<div class='list'><ul><li>Dogs < 7kg:1/16tsp BID,TID</li><li></li><li>Dogs 7-15 kg:1/8 tsp BID,TID</li><li>Dogs > 15 kg:1/4tsp BID,TID</li></ul></div>","large_animal_dosage":"SwineTreatment of arthritis, erysipelas, and swine dysentery:8.8 mg/kg q12h IM. CattlePododermatitis and pneumonia:17.6 mg/kg q24h IM.Swine:Medicated feed dose is administered at a dose of 22-220 g/kg (of the premix), with the dose depending on the specific product. Consult package information.","multiply":"","name":"Tylosin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID,BID (325mg in 1/8 tsp)","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs7-15 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 8-11 mg/kg q12h IM. Colitis:12-20 mg/kg q8h with food; then if there is a response, increase the interval to q12h and eventually to q24h. (20 mg/kg is approximately 1/8 teaspoon of tylosin phosphate or Tylan for a 20-kg dog.) Cats7-15 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 8-11 mg/kg q12h IM.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Tylosin (Tylan)","value":385},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules; give with food. Compounding pharmacists may prepare stable oral suspensions.","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in bile duct obstruction. Generally well tolerated. Diarrhea and abdominal pain have been reported.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Actigall, ursodeoxycholic acid","bsa":"","calc":"Ursodiol","calcID":"Ursodiol2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Adjunct therapy for chronic hepatitis:10-15 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":1},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"300mg/","perml":"cap","value":300,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":20,"dosemin":4,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"drugName":"Ursodiol","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Adjunct therapy for chronic hepatitis:10-15 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":166,"multiply":"","name":"Ursodiol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO SID or divided BID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Ursodiol (Actigall, ursodeoxycholic acid)","value":386},{"administration":"Injection (tablets have no utility in veterinary medicine). Do not give IM, SQ, or IP as severe tissue damage and pain may occur. IV doses are diluted in normal saline or D5W to concentrations of <5 mg/ml and administered slowly.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Thrombophlebitis, severe hypotension, and cardiac arrest following IV administration have been reported. Reserve for life-threatening gram-positive infections that are resistant to other agents. Reduce doses in renal failure.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Vancocin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"15 mg/kg q6-8h IV infusion. (Start with this dose q8h, and if necessary, based on monitoring, increase interval to q6h.) Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Loading dose of 3.5 mg/kg followed by CRI of 1.5 mg/kg/h mixed in 5% dextrose in water.","canineDosage":"Susceptible gram-positive, life-threatening infections:15-20 mg/kg IV over 30-60 minutes q 6-8h, or 3.5 mg/kg IV bolus followed by 1.5 mg/kg/h IV CRI. Consult veterinary microbiologist or internist before use.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"500 mg vial","perml":"vial","value":500},{"name":"1 g vial","perml":"vial","value":1000}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":10,"dosemax":15,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":12.5,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"12-15 mg/kg q8h IV infusion.","felineDosage":"Susceptible gram-positive, life-threatening infections:15-20 mg/kg IV over 30-60 minutes q 6-8h, or 3.5 mg/kg IV bolus followed by 1.5 mg/kg/h IV CRI. Consult veterinary microbiologist or internist before use.","fluids":"","formulations":"500 mg and 1, 5, and 10-g vials for injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses4.3-7.5 mg/kg q8h IV given as an infusion over 1 hour. Regional limb perfusion:Infuse 300 mg diluted in a 0.5% solution.","multiply":"","name":"Vancomycin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs15 mg/kg q6-8h IV infusion. (Start with this dose q8h, and if necessary, based on monitoring, increase interval to q6h.) Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Loading dose of 3.5 mg/kg followed by CRI of 1.5 mg/kg/h mixed in 5% dextrose in water. Cats12-15 mg/kg q8h IV infusion.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Vancomycin (Vancocin)","value":387},{"administration":"Aqueous injection","adverseEffects":"Use with caution in patients with vascular disease, seizure disorders, heart failure, or asthma. Serious adverse effects are possible, including anaphylaxis, cardiac arrhythmia or arrest, GI upset, tremors, and smooth muscle contractions.","appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Pitressin, ADH","bsa":"","calc":"Vasopressin","calcID":"Vasopressin2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"CPR:0.6-0.8 units/kg IV, or 1.2 units/kg intratracheal, or 0.8 units/kg IV q 3-5 minutes prnRefractory shock states:0.5-4 mU/kg/min IV to effectDiagnostic for diabetes insipidus:0.5 units/kg IM to maximum 5 units after 5% weight loss from water deprivation","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":20,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1.6,"dosemin":0.4,"doseper":0.8,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.8,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"CPR:0.6-0.8 units/kg IV, or 1.2 units/kg intratracheal, or 0.8 units/kg IV q 3-5 minutes prnRefractory shock states:0.5-4 mU/kg/min IV to effectDiagnostic for diabetes insipidus:0.5 units/kg IM to maximum 5 units after 5% weight loss from water deprivation","fluids":"","formulations":"20-units/ml (aqueous) solution.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Vasopressin","tracheal":true,"outputtext":"","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Antidiuretic:10 units IV or IM. (Desmopressin is preferred in animals for treating diabetes insipidus.) Vasopressor (shock):0.01-0.04 units/min. Do not exceed 0.04 units/min (0.5-5 milliunits/kg/min). CPR:0.8 units/kg IV bolus; can be repeated during cardiopulmonary resuscitation.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Vasopressin (Pitressin, arginine vasopressin, antidiuretic hormone, ADH)","value":388},{"administration":"Injection (tablets, capsules seldom used in veterinary medicine). For IV dosing, give only as a slow infusion over at least 2 minutes with continuous EKG and blood pressure monitoring.","adverseEffects":"Contraindicated in patients with cardiogenic shock or severe CHF (unless secondary to a SVT amenable to verapamil therapy), hypotension, sick sinus syndrome, second- or third-degree AV block, digoxin intoxication, and MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation. Use with caution in patients with heart failure, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (common in cats), and hepatic or renal impairment. Toxicity may be potentiated in patients with hepatic dysfunction. It should be used cautiously in patients with atrial fibrillation. Multiple drug interactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Calan, Isoptin, Verelan","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.05 mg/kg every 10-30 minutes IV (maximum cumulative dose is 0.15 mg/kg). The PO dose is not established.","canineDosage":"Calcium channel blocker used for SVT:0.05 mg/kg IV q 5-10 minutes up to total dose of 0.15 mg/kg, or 2-10 mcg/kg/min CRI, or 0.5-3 mg/kg PO q8h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":1},{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":2},{"name":"120mg/","perml":"tab","value":120,"id":3},{"name":"240mg/","perml":"tab","value":240,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.75,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Not recommended.","felineDosage":"SVT:0.025 mg/kg slow IV q 5-10 minutes up to total dose of 0.15 mg/kg, or 2-10 mcg/kg/min CRI, or 0.5-1 mg/kg PO q8h","fluids":"","formulations":"40, 80, and 120 mg immediate-release tablets; 120, 180, and 240 mg slow-release tablets and capsules; and a 2.5 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Verapamil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.05 mg/kg every 10-30 minutes IV (maximum cumulative dose is 0.15 mg/kg). The PO dose is not established. CatsNot recommended.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Verapamil (Calan, Isoptin, Verelan)","value":389},{"administration":"Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug that should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events are GI toxicity and myelosuppression. Cats can develop neurotoxicity that can be associated with constipation or paralytic ileus, thereby aggravating anorexia. Irritating if extravasated. Contraindicated in neutropenia. Dosage reduction required in hepatic failure (50%) and in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation (25%-30%).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Velban","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:1.5-3 mg/m2 IV q 1-2 weeks","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":1.8,"dosemax":2.6,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:1.5-3 mg/m2 IV q 1-2 weeks","fluids":"","formulations":"1 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Vinblastine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"2 mg/m2 IV (slow infusion) once a week. (See Instructions for Use regarding higher doses.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Vinblastine (Velban)","value":390},{"administration":"Injection. Cytotoxic, NIOSH-listed hazardous drug and should be prepared, administered, and disposed of in accordance with federal and local requirements.","adverseEffects":"Adverse events are GI toxicity and myelosuppression. Cats can develop neurotoxicity that can be associated with constipation or paralytic ileus, thereby aggravating anorexia. Irritating if extravasated. Contraindicated in neutropenia. Dosage reduction required in hepatic failure (50%) and in dogs with MDR1/ABCB1-Δ mutation (25%-30%).","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Oncovin","bsa":"","calc":"Vincristine","calcID":"Vincristine2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Antineoplastic:0.5-0.75 mg/m2 IV q 1-2 weeksTransmissible venereal tumor:0.025 mg/kg IV weekly, maximum 1 mg/doseImmune-mediated thrombocytopenia:0.02 mg/kg or 0.5 mg/m2 IV once","catdose":"","category":"Chemotherapy","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"","color":"green","concentration":1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.75,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"drugName":"Vincristine","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Antineoplastic:0.5-0.75 mg/m2 IV q 1-2 weeks","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":60,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","meters":true,"multiply":"","name":"Vincristine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m<sup>2</sup>","perml":"mg","route":"IV Q1-2 weeks <strong>Consult with Oncologist</strong>","small_animal_dosage":"Antitumor:0.5-0.75 mg/m2 IV (or 0.025-0.05 mg/kg) once a week. Thrombocytopenia:0.02 mg/kg IV once a week (with prednisolone).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Vincristine (Oncovin, Vincasar PFS)","value":391},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, and injection. Use small-gauge needles when injecting and avoid IV injection.","adverseEffects":"Excipients in injectable products may cause anaphylactoid reactions after IV administration. Adverse events include anaphylactoid reactions from some injectable products and bleeding at the injection site. Limit volume of injection at each site. Transfusion often required initially for actively bleeding animals.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"phytonadione, Mephyton","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication:Prophylaxis—1.5-2.5 mg/kg PO q12h; treatment of bleeding—one injection of 1.5-2.5 mg/kg IM or SQ with small needle, followed by 2.5 mg/kg PO dosing. Duration of treatment depends on type of rodenticide ingested.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg","perml":"ml","value":10},{"name":"5 mg","perml":"tab","value":5},{"name":"10 mg","perml":"tab","value":10}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":1,"dosemax":2.5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Anticoagulant rodenticide intoxication:as for dogsHepatic disease with prolonged coagulation:1 mg/kg SQ q12h before biopsy (recheck coagulation times)","fluids":"","formulations":"K2- or 10 mg/ml injection. Mephyton is a 5 mg tablet. Veta-K1 is a 25 mg capsule. Phytonadione (aqueous colloidal formulation) is a 2- or 10 mg/ml injection.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle, Calves, Horses, Sheep, and Goats0.5-2.5 mg/kg SQ or IM.","multiply":"","name":"Vitamin K1","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SQ, IM","small_animal_dosage":"Short-acting rodenticides:1 mg/kg/day IM, SQ, or PO for 10-14 days. Long-acting rodenticides:2.5-5 mg/kg/day IM, SQ, or PO for 3-4 weeks and up to 6 weeks.Birds2.5-5 mg/kg q24h SQ, IM, or PO for 14-28 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Vitamin K1 (phytonadione, Mephyton)","value":392},{"administration":"Tablets, powder for suspension or solution (IV use not described for clinical use in dogs)","adverseEffects":"Cats experience severe adverse reactions. Adverse reactions include hepatotoxicity and extreme changes in blood pressure. Use with caution in patients with hepatic dysfunction or proarrhythmic conditions. Multiple drug interactions.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Vfend","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"5-6 mg/kg q12h PO is the published dose based on studies in research dogs. However, a dosage of 2.5-3.3 mg/kg q12h PO in a clinical report produced adequate plasma concentrations. (The safety of repeated doses in dogs has not been confirmed.)","canineDosage":"Susceptible mycotic infections:4-5 mg/kg PO q 12-24h","catdose":2.5,"category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50 mg","perml":"tab","value":50},{"name":"200 mg","perml":"tab","value":200}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":4,"dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemin":2.5,"dosemax":5,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Administer a loading dose of 25 mg per cat (range, 4.2-4.6 mg/kg) PO, followed by 12.5 mg (2-2.3 mg/kg) every other day. Accumulation may occur after repeated doses; therefore observe for signs of adverse effects with multiple dosing.Birds10 mg/kg q12h PO administered as a powder or crushed tablets mixed with water in a liquid suspension (0.5 mg/ml).","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"PO:Voriconazole50 and 200 mg film-coated tablets and a 40 mg/ml oral liquid suspension. The suspension has a 14-day shelf life after reconstitution. Injection:200 mg (10 mg/ml) injection. The IV solution requires reconstitution to 10 mg/ml; then dilution to ≤5 mg/ml for CRI (3 mg/kg/h for 1-2 hours). Compounded forms:A variety of compounded forms have been prepared for animals:A drug suspension for animals has been prepared by mixing crushed tablets(200 mg) with 20 ml of water and 60 ml of Ora-Plus to make a suspension of 2.5 mg/ml. After mixing, this suspension retained the original strength for 17 days. A compounded mixture also has been prepared by mixing two 200 mg tablets crushed to a powder and mixed with 10 ml of a suspending agent and flavoring agent (Ora Plus/Ora Sweet in a ratio of 1:1 or Ora Plus and water in a 3:1 ratio). The suspension should be stored in a brown plastic (not glass) bottle in refrigerator or room temperature. The final formulation is 40 mg/ml and is stable for 30 days. For horses, crushed tablets have been mixed with 30 ml of corn syrup to a concentration of 33 mg/ml and are stable for 48 hours at 8°C. This formulation can be administered to horses orally via syringe.","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses2-4 mg/kg q24h or 3 mg/kg q12h PO. 1.5 mg/kg q24h IV.","multiply":"","name":"Voriconazole","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-6 mg/kg q12h PO is the published dose based on studies in research dogs. However, a dosage of 2.5-3.3 mg/kg q12h PO in a clinical report produced adequate plasma concentrations. (The safety of repeated doses in dogs has not been confirmed.) CatsAdminister a loading dose of 25 mg per cat (range, 4.2-4.6 mg/kg) PO, followed by 12.5 mg (2-2.3 mg/kg) every other day. Accumulation may occur after repeated doses; therefore observe for signs of adverse effects with multiple dosing.Birds10 mg/kg q12h PO administered as a powder or crushed tablets mixed with water in a liquid suspension (0.5 mg/ml).","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Voriconazole (Vfend)","value":393},{"administration":"Tablets. Multiple drug/food interactions.","adverseEffects":"Can cause dose-related hemorrhage. Contraindicated with active bleeding, hypertension, hepatic insufficiency, pericardial effusion, or pregnancy. Multiple drug interactions. Treatment must be carefully monitored by PT or international normalized ratio.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Coumadin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"0.1-0.2 mg/kg q24h PO. Start with this dose q12h for the first 2-4 days because of a lag time before maximum effect is observed.","canineDosage":"Thromboprophylaxis:0.05-0.2 mg/kg PO q24h with PT target of 1.5-2 times baseline or INR target of 2-3","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"2mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":2},{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":2},{"name":"4mg/","perml":"tab","value":4,"id":2},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":3},{"name":"7.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":7.5,"id":4},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"Start with 0.25-0.5 mg/cat/day (¼ to ½ of a 1 mg tablet) and adjust the dose based on bleeding time assessment. A dosage of 0.1 mg/kg per day generally prolongs the PT by 1.5-2 times.","felineDosage":"Do not use in cats.","fluids":"","formulations":"sodium1, 2, 2.5, 4, 5, 7.5, and 10 mg tablets.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.02 mg/kg q24h PO (9 mg per 450 kg of body weight [1000 lb]). Increase this dosage gradually by increments of 20% until a 2- to 4-second increase in PT bleeding time is achieved. Allow 7 days between changes in dose.","multiply":"","name":"Warfarin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.2 mg/kg q24h PO. Start with this dose q12h for the first 2-4 days because of a lag time before maximum effect is observed. CatsStart with 0.25-0.5 mg/cat/day (¼ to ½ of a 1 mg tablet) and adjust the dose based on bleeding time assessment. A dosage of 0.1 mg/kg per day generally prolongs the PT by 1.5-2 times.","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","title":"Warfarin (Coumadin)","value":394},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Do not use concurrently with epinephrine. Use with caution in pre-existing cardiac dysfunction, hypotension or shock, respiratory dysfunction, severe hepatic or renal insufficiency, pre-existing seizure disorders, or if severely debilitated. Yohimbine is antagonist.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Rompun","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"1.1 mg/kg IV. 2.2 mg/kg IM. Short-term treatment of pain:0.1-0.5 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ.","canineDosage":"No longer used in dogs.","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"100 mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":1.1,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"1.1 mg/kg IM. Emetic dosage:0.4-0.5 mg/kg IM or IV. Short-term treatment of pain:0.1-0.5 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ.","felineDosage":"Emetic agent:0.44-1.1 mg/kg IM or IV once","fluids":"","formulations":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses1-2 mg/kg IM. Standing chemical restraint:0.5-1.0 mg/kg IV bolus. (The IV dose also can be administered intraosseously with equal bioavailability.) 0.5-1.1 mg/kg IV followed by (if necessary) a 0.72-1 mg/kg/h CRI. For colic pain:0.3-0.5 mg/kg IV (150-250 mg IV for an average-size horse). For anesthesia purposes, it is sometimes combined with other agents such as ketamine and guaifenesin in the equine “triple-drip” combination. This combination consists of 500 mg of xylazine and 2 g of ketamine added to 1 L of 5% of guaifenesin in dextrose. It is administered at a rate of 1.1 ml/kg for induction followed by 2-4 ml/kg/h for maintenance. Recovery usually occurs in 25-30 minutes or administer 0.125 mg/kg yohimbine to speed up recovery. Pigs0.5-3 mg/kg IM. Xylazine in pigs is best used in combination with other drugs (e.g., 2 mg/kg xylazine mixed in a syringe with 10 mg/kg of ketamine). It is unreliable used alone. Cattle0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM. 0.03-0.1 mg/kg IV. Sheep0.1-0.3 mg/kg IM. 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV.Goats0.05-0.5 mg/kg IM. 0.01-0.5 mg/kg IV.","multiply":"","name":"Xylazine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"IV,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs 1.1 mg/kg IV.2.2 mg/kg IM. Short-term treatment of pain:0.1-0.5 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ. Cats1.1 mg/kg IM. Emetic dosage:0.4-0.5 mg/kg IM or IV. Short-term treatment of pain:0.1-0.5 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Xylazine (Rompun)","value":395},{"administration":"Injection","adverseEffects":"Use cautiously in seizure disorders. Use carefully in patients with renal disease.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","brandName":"Yobine, Antagonil","bsa":"","calc":"Yohimbine","calcID":"Yohimbine2","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Amitraz toxicity:0.11 mg/kg IV or 0.25 mg/kg IM with atipamezole 50 mcg/kg IM","catdose":"","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.25,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.11,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.11,"drugName":"Yohimbine","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"After xylazine-induced emesis:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV once","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"","formulations":"2 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":136,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.125 mg/kg IV (to reverse xylazine). 0.2 mg/kg IV (to reverse detomidine). Note about reversal:It may not be necessary to give the full dose initially. See Instructions for Use for more details.Cattle andSheepTo reverse xylazine or medetomidine:0.125-0.2 mg/kg IV.","multiply":"","name":"Yohimbine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV slowly, IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"0.11 mg/kg IV. 0.25-0.5 mg/kg SQ or IM.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Yohimbine (Yobine, Antagonil)","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":396},{"administration":"Tablets; give on empty stomach.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects not well established in cats or dogs. Efficacy has not been established for feline asthma.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Accolate","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Leukotriene inhibitor:dogs <11.4 kg 5 mg, dogs 11.4-22.3 kg 10 mg, dogs 22.7-34.1 kg 20 mg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"","value":1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":"","drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Leukotriene inhibitor:5 mg/CAT PO q 12-24h; questionable efficacy.","fluids":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Zafirlukast","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Zafirlukast (Accolate)","value":397},{"administration":"Tablets, capsules, or compounded. Usually combined with other nutraceuticals. OTC preparations available.","adverseEffects":"GI upset, or hemolysis with large dose. Drug absorption interactions occur.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Galzin","bsa":"","calc":"","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","canineDosage":"Zn responsive dermatosis:2 mg/kg PO q24h (or divided bid if stomach upset) elemental Zn Adjunctive treatment for copper toxicosis:5-10 mg/kg elemental Zn q12h for 3 months, then 50 mg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":2},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":3},{"name":"30 mg/","perml":"","value":30,"id":4},{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i></span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":2,"doseper":"","dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"drugOnly":"","feline_dose":"","felineDosage":"Severe hepatic lipidosis:7-10 mg/kg elemental Zn PO q24h","fluids":"","formulations":"several forms, including zinc sulfate (23% zinc), zinc gluconate (14% zinc), and zinc acetate (35% zinc). Zinc gluconatetablets ranging from 1.4 to 52 mg (10 mg zinc gluconate = 1.4 mg of elemental zinc). Zinc sulfatecapsules containing 25 and 50 mg of elemental zinc (110 mg of zinc sulfate = 25 mg of elemental zinc). Zinc sulfate is also available in tablets containing 15, 25, 45, and 50 mg of elemental zinc (66 mg of zinc sulfate = 15 mg of elemental zinc). Injectable zinc sulfate50 mg/ml (20.2 mg of elemental zinc per milliliter) solution for IV use.","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":"","infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"No specific doses have been reported. If zinc supplementation is needed, extrapolate the dose from small animal use (approximately 1 mg/kg of elemental zinc three times per day PO) and adjust the dose by monitoring zinc concentrations.","multiply":"","name":"Zinc sulfate, acetate, gluconate, or methionine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO q24h","small_animal_dosage":"Adjust dose based on measuring plasma zinc concentrations. Hepatic disease in dogs:100 mg of elemental zinc per dog q12h PO, equivalent to 3 mg/kg per day of zinc gluconate, or 2 mg/kg of zinc sulfate per day PO. (Consider including vitamin E with treatment.) Zinc supplement:1 mg/kg of elemental zinc gluconate or sulfate three times/day PO or 1.5-3 mg (of elemental zinc) of zinc acetate daily per animal PO. Dermatologic use:10 mg/kg per day (zinc sulfate or zinc gluconate). IV zinc treatment:50 mcg of elemental zinc/kg infused IV slowly per day.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Zinc sulfate, acetate, gluconate, or methionine","value":398},{"administration":"Capsules. Compounding pharmacists may prepare a stable oral suspension.","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include sedation (usually transient), ataxia, and inappetence. Dogs may develop idiopathic hepatic necrosis, urinary calculi, hepatopathy, acute tubular acidosis, and erythema multiforme.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","brandName":"Zonegran","bsa":"","calc":"Zonisamide","calcID":"Zonisamide2","canine_dose":"Start with 5 mg/kg q12h PO and increase gradually as needed to maintain plasma drug concentrations and control seizures. 10 mg/kg q12h PO when added to phenobarbital treatment.","canineDosage":"Adjunctive anticonvulsant:2-10 mg/kg PO q12h","catdose":"","category":"Anticonvulsant","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"25mg/","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"cap","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":15,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":5,"drugName":"Zonisamide","feline_dose":"5 mg/kg PO q12h or 10 mg/kg PO q24h and increase dose as needed by monitoring.","felineDosage":"Adjunctive anticonvulsant:5-10 mg/kg PO q24h","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"25, 50, and 100 mg capsules.","hide":"","index":62,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Zonisamide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> BID, <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> SID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsStart with 5 mg/kg q12h PO and increase gradually as needed to maintain plasma drug concentrations and control seizures. 10 mg/kg q12h PO when added to phenobarbital treatment. Cats5 mg/kg PO q12h or 10 mg/kg PO q24h and increase dose as needed by monitoring.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","title":"Zonisamide (Zonegran)","value":399},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Atopica","calcID":"Atopica2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Immunosuppressive","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"cap","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"cap","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"cap","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"cap","value":100,"id":4},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":6.7,"dosemin":3.3,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":2,"multiply":"","name":"Atopica","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SID PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":400,"brandName":"Cyclosporine"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Apoquel","calcID":"Apoquel2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Anti-Inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"3.6mg/","perml":"tab","value":3.6,"id":1},{"name":"5.4mg/","perml":"tab","value":5.4,"id":2},{"name":"16mg/","perml":"tab","value":16,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.6,"dosemin":0.4,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":3,"multiply":"","name":"Apoquel (Oclacitinib)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":401,"brandName":"Oclacitinib"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Cerenia","calcID":"Cerenia2","canine_dose":"","catdose":1,"category":"Antiemetic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 1-2 mg/kg </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"16mg/","perml":"tab","value":16,"id":2},{"name":"24mg/","perml":"tab","value":24,"id":3},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":4},{"name":"160mg/","perml":"tab","value":160,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":2,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 1-8 mg/kg</span>","dosemax":8,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":9,"multiply":"","name":"Cerenia","outputtext":"Cereniatext","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SID SQ,IV,PO","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"value":402,"brandName":"Maropitant"},{"appendose":"mcg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Cobalamin","calcID":"Cobalamin2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Vitamin","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1000µg/","perml":"ml","value":1000,"id":1},{"name":"3000µg/","perml":"ml","value":3000,"id":2},{"name":"5000µg/","perml":"ml","value":5000,"id":3},{"name":"250µg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":4},{"name":"1000µg/","perml":"tab","value":1000,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":40,"dosemin":10,"doseper":25,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":25,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":13,"multiply":"","name":"Cobalamin (B12)","outputtext":"","perkg":"µg/kg","perml":"mcg","route":"SQ,PO Q30days x 4-6wks","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":403,"brandName":"Cyanocobalamin, Vitamin B12"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Diphenhydramine","calcID":"Diphenhydramine2","canine_dose":"2.2 mg/kg q8-12h PO, IM, or SQ. For large dogs, this is equivalent to an oral dose of 25 or 50 mg per dog.","catdose":"","category":"Antihistamine","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"12.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":12.5,"id":2},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"2-4 mg/kg q6-8h PO. 1 mg/kg q8h IV or IM.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"is available OTC in a 2.5 mg/ml elixir, 25 and 50 mg capsules and tablets, and 50 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":15,"large_animal_dosage":"0.5-1 mg/kg as a single dose, as needed, IM.","multiply":"","name":"Diphenhydramine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2.2 mg/kg q8-12h PO, IM, or SQ. For large dogs, this is equivalent to an oral dose of 25 or 50 mg per dog. Cats2-4 mg/kg q6-8h PO. 1 mg/kg q8h IV or IM.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":404,"brandName":"Benadryl"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Enalapril","calcID":"Enalapril2","canine_dose":"0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. In some animals, it may be necessary to increase dose to 1 mg/kg/day, administered as 0.5 mg/kg q12h.","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":2},{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":3},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":4},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"feline_dose":"0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 1-1.25 mg/cat/day PO.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Vasotec (human preparation) in 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg tablets and as Enacard (veterinary preparation) in 1, 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg tablets.","hide":"","index":16,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses:Although enalapril has been examined in research horses, there are no clinical studies available to establish doses.","multiply":"","name":"Enalapril","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SID or BID","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. In some animals, it may be necessary to increase dose to 1 mg/kg/day, administered as 0.5 mg/kg q12h. Cats0.25-0.5 mg/kg q12-24h PO. 1-1.25 mg/cat/day PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":405,"brandName":"Enacard, Vasotec"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Capromorelin","calc":"Entyce","calcID":"Entyce2","canine_dose":"","catdose":2,"category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 2mg/kg PO SID x 4days </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"30mg/","perml":"ml","value":30,"id":1},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":3,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 3mg/kg PO SID x 4days</span>","dosemax":3,"dosemin":1,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":3,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":17,"multiply":"","name":"Entyce","outputtext":"Entycetext","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SID x 4 days","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"value":406},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","brandName":"Diphenoxylate/Atropine","calc":"Lomotil","calcID":"Lomotil2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":2.5,"id":1},{"name":"2.5mg/5","perml":"ml","value":0.5,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":29,"infoLink":"Not Recommended in Cats","multiply":"","name":"Lomotil","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, BID","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","value":408},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Moxidectin","calc":"Moxidectin6","calcID":"Moxidectin62","canine_dose":"Heartworm prevention:3 mcg/kg every 30 days PO. Topical heartworm prevention (Advantage Multi, or Coraxis) 2.5 mg/kg monthly. Moxidectin is combined with sarolaner and pyrantel in a chewable tablet for dogs (Simparica TRIO). The tablet is designed to deliver a dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 mcg/kg moxidectin, and 5 mg/kg pyrantel, once a month oral. 6-month formulation:0.17 mg/kg or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension/kg (0.0227 ml/lb), administered as a single SQ injection once every 6 months. No more than 3 ml should be injected in a single site. 12-month formulation:0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb) or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension per kilogram (0.023 ml/lb) by SQ injection. This amount of suspension will provide 0.5 mg moxidectin per kilogram of body weight (0.23 mg/lb). To ensure accurate dosing, calculate each dose based on the dog’s weight at the time of treatment. Endoparasite control:25-300 mcg/kg. Sarcoptic mange:200-250 mcg/kg (0.2-0.25 mg/kg) PO or SQ once per week for 3-6 weeks. Demodicosis:200 mcg/kg SQ weekly or every other week for one to four doses; alternatively, higher doses of 400 mcg/kg/day PO. Higher doses are used for refractory Demodex cases, with dosages of 500 mcg/kg (0.5 mg/kg)/day PO for 21-23 weeks or 0.5-1.0 mg/kg SQ q72h for 21-22 weeks. Duration of treatmentfor demodicosis is variable. Treat until two negative Demodex skin scrapings are achieved.","catdose":"","category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":3.4,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.17,"dosemin":0.17,"doseper":0.17,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.17,"feline_dose":"Topical heartworm prevention with Advantage Multi is 1 mg/kg of moxidectin topically every 30 days. Topical solution for cats with fluralaner and moxidectin (Bravecto Plus):Administer as a single dose topically at a dose of 40 mg/kg fluralaner and 2 mg/kg moxidectin every 2 months.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"30, 68, and 136-mcg tablets for dogs, or 2.5% topical solution for dogs. 20 mg/ml equine oral gel (2% gel). Quest Plus gel for horses contains 20 mg/ml (2%) plus 125 mg of praziquantel (12.5%). 5 mg/ml cattle pour-on; 1 mg/ml oral drench for sheep; 10 mg/ml injectable solution for cattle; 6-month long-acting formulation:The 6-month injectable (ProHeart 6) formulation consists of two separate vials:one contains 10% moxidectin microspheres, and the other contains a vehicle for constitution of the moxidectin microspheres. Each milliliter of constituted, sustained-release suspension contains 3.4 mg of moxidectin. 12-month long-acting formulation:10 mg of constituted suspension per milliliter. This product has two separate vials that require mixing prior to administration or use. One vial contains 10% moxidectin sterile microspheres and the second vial contains sterile vehicle for constitution; only this sterile diluent should be used for the constitution. The constituted suspension can be injected 30 minutes after mixing. Combination products:The formulation Advantage Multi for dogs 2.5% (25 mg/ml) includes 25% imidacloprid. Advantage Multi for cats 1% (10mg/ml) includes 10% imidacloprid. Moxidectin is combined with fluralaner in a topical solution for cats, with 280 mg of fluralaner and 14 mg moxidectin per milliliter. Moxidectin is combined with sarolaner and pyrantel in a chewable tablet for dogs (Simparica TRIO).","hide":"","index":34,"infoLink":"<div class=\"p-2 text-center\"> <p>*Dogs should be dosed at 0.05 ml/kg (0.023 ml /lb).</p><p class=\"pt-1 font-bold\">ProHeart 6 = 0.17 mg moxidectin/kg</p><p class=\"pt-1 font-bold\">ProHeart 12 = 0.5 mg moxidectin/kg</p></div>","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesGI parasites:0.4 mg/kg PO. Avoid use in young horses, small ponies, and debilitated animals. Cattle0.2 mg/kg SQ once. Intestinal parasites, lungworms, mites, grubs, and lice:Topical treatment (pour-on):0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb or 45 ml per 1000 lb). Apply topically along the midline from the withers to the tail head. Avoid exposure to human skin and to other animals. Sheep1 ml per 5 kg (1 ml per 11 lb, or 0.2 mg/kg) by mouth of the 1 mg/ml oral solution.","multiply":"","name":"Proheart 6","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ every 6 months","small_animal_dosage":"DogsHeartworm prevention:3 mcg/kg every 30 days PO. Topical heartworm prevention (Advantage Multi, or Coraxis) 2.5 mg/kg monthly. Moxidectin is combined with sarolaner and pyrantel in a chewable tablet for dogs (Simparica TRIO). The tablet is designed to deliver a dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 mcg/kg moxidectin, and 5 mg/kg pyrantel, once a month oral. 6-month formulation:0.17 mg/kg or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension/kg (0.0227 ml/lb), administered as a single SQ injection once every 6 months. No more than 3 ml should be injected in a single site. 12-month formulation:0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb) or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension per kilogram (0.023 ml/lb) by SQ injection. This amount of suspension will provide 0.5 mg moxidectin per kilogram of body weight (0.23 mg/lb). To ensure accurate dosing, calculate each dose based on the dog’s weight at the time of treatment. Endoparasite control:25-300 mcg/kg. Sarcoptic mange:200-250 mcg/kg (0.2-0.25 mg/kg) PO or SQ once per week for 3-6 weeks. Demodicosis:200 mcg/kg SQ weekly or every other week for one to four doses; alternatively, higher doses of 400 mcg/kg/day PO. Higher doses are used for refractory Demodex cases, with dosages of 500 mcg/kg (0.5 mg/kg)/day PO for 21-23 weeks or 0.5-1.0 mg/kg SQ q72h for 21-22 weeks. Duration of treatmentfor demodicosis is variable. Treat until two negative Demodex skin scrapings are achieved. CatsTopical heartworm prevention with Advantage Multi is 1 mg/kg of moxidectin topically every 30 days. Topical solution for cats with fluralaner and moxidectin (Bravecto Plus):Administer as a single dose topically at a dose of 40 mg/kg fluralaner and 2 mg/kg moxidectin every 2 months.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":409},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Moxidectin","calc":"Moxidectin12","calcID":"Moxidectin122","canine_dose":"Heartworm prevention:3 mcg/kg every 30 days PO. Topical heartworm prevention (Advantage Multi, or Coraxis) 2.5 mg/kg monthly. Moxidectin is combined with sarolaner and pyrantel in a chewable tablet for dogs (Simparica TRIO). The tablet is designed to deliver a dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 mcg/kg moxidectin, and 5 mg/kg pyrantel, once a month oral. 6-month formulation:0.17 mg/kg or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension/kg (0.0227 ml/lb), administered as a single SQ injection once every 6 months. No more than 3 ml should be injected in a single site. 12-month formulation:0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb) or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension per kilogram (0.023 ml/lb) by SQ injection. This amount of suspension will provide 0.5 mg moxidectin per kilogram of body weight (0.23 mg/lb). To ensure accurate dosing, calculate each dose based on the dog’s weight at the time of treatment. Endoparasite control:25-300 mcg/kg. Sarcoptic mange:200-250 mcg/kg (0.2-0.25 mg/kg) PO or SQ once per week for 3-6 weeks. Demodicosis:200 mcg/kg SQ weekly or every other week for one to four doses; alternatively, higher doses of 400 mcg/kg/day PO. Higher doses are used for refractory Demodex cases, with dosages of 500 mcg/kg (0.5 mg/kg)/day PO for 21-23 weeks or 0.5-1.0 mg/kg SQ q72h for 21-22 weeks. Duration of treatmentfor demodicosis is variable. Treat until two negative Demodex skin scrapings are achieved.","catdose":"","category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"feline_dose":"Topical heartworm prevention with Advantage Multi is 1 mg/kg of moxidectin topically every 30 days. Topical solution for cats with fluralaner and moxidectin (Bravecto Plus):Administer as a single dose topically at a dose of 40 mg/kg fluralaner and 2 mg/kg moxidectin every 2 months.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"30, 68, and 136-mcg tablets for dogs, or 2.5% topical solution for dogs. 20 mg/ml equine oral gel (2% gel). Quest Plus gel for horses contains 20 mg/ml (2%) plus 125 mg of praziquantel (12.5%). 5 mg/ml cattle pour-on; 1 mg/ml oral drench for sheep; 10 mg/ml injectable solution for cattle; 6-month long-acting formulation:The 6-month injectable (ProHeart 6) formulation consists of two separate vials:one contains 10% moxidectin microspheres, and the other contains a vehicle for constitution of the moxidectin microspheres. Each milliliter of constituted, sustained-release suspension contains 3.4 mg of moxidectin. 12-month long-acting formulation:10 mg of constituted suspension per milliliter. This product has two separate vials that require mixing prior to administration or use. One vial contains 10% moxidectin sterile microspheres and the second vial contains sterile vehicle for constitution; only this sterile diluent should be used for the constitution. The constituted suspension can be injected 30 minutes after mixing. Combination products:The formulation Advantage Multi for dogs 2.5% (25 mg/ml) includes 25% imidacloprid. Advantage Multi for cats 1% (10mg/ml) includes 10% imidacloprid. Moxidectin is combined with fluralaner in a topical solution for cats, with 280 mg of fluralaner and 14 mg moxidectin per milliliter. Moxidectin is combined with sarolaner and pyrantel in a chewable tablet for dogs (Simparica TRIO).","hide":"","index":35,"infoLink":"<div class=\"p-2 text-center\"> <p>*Dogs should be dosed at 0.05 ml/kg (0.023 ml /lb).</p><p class=\"pt-1 font-bold\">ProHeart 6 = 0.17 mg moxidectin/kg</p><p class=\"pt-1 font-bold\">ProHeart 12 = 0.5 mg moxidectin/kg</p></div>","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesGI parasites:0.4 mg/kg PO. Avoid use in young horses, small ponies, and debilitated animals. Cattle0.2 mg/kg SQ once. Intestinal parasites, lungworms, mites, grubs, and lice:Topical treatment (pour-on):0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb or 45 ml per 1000 lb). Apply topically along the midline from the withers to the tail head. Avoid exposure to human skin and to other animals. Sheep1 ml per 5 kg (1 ml per 11 lb, or 0.2 mg/kg) by mouth of the 1 mg/ml oral solution.","multiply":"","name":"Proheart 12","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SQ every 12 months","small_animal_dosage":"DogsHeartworm prevention:3 mcg/kg every 30 days PO. Topical heartworm prevention (Advantage Multi, or Coraxis) 2.5 mg/kg monthly. Moxidectin is combined with sarolaner and pyrantel in a chewable tablet for dogs (Simparica TRIO). The tablet is designed to deliver a dose of 1.2 mg/kg sarolaner, 24 mcg/kg moxidectin, and 5 mg/kg pyrantel, once a month oral. 6-month formulation:0.17 mg/kg or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension/kg (0.0227 ml/lb), administered as a single SQ injection once every 6 months. No more than 3 ml should be injected in a single site. 12-month formulation:0.5 mg/kg (0.23 mg/lb) or 0.05 ml of the constituted suspension per kilogram (0.023 ml/lb) by SQ injection. This amount of suspension will provide 0.5 mg moxidectin per kilogram of body weight (0.23 mg/lb). To ensure accurate dosing, calculate each dose based on the dog’s weight at the time of treatment. Endoparasite control:25-300 mcg/kg. Sarcoptic mange:200-250 mcg/kg (0.2-0.25 mg/kg) PO or SQ once per week for 3-6 weeks. Demodicosis:200 mcg/kg SQ weekly or every other week for one to four doses; alternatively, higher doses of 400 mcg/kg/day PO. Higher doses are used for refractory Demodex cases, with dosages of 500 mcg/kg (0.5 mg/kg)/day PO for 21-23 weeks or 0.5-1.0 mg/kg SQ q72h for 21-22 weeks. Duration of treatmentfor demodicosis is variable. Treat until two negative Demodex skin scrapings are achieved. CatsTopical heartworm prevention with Advantage Multi is 1 mg/kg of moxidectin topically every 30 days. Topical solution for cats with fluralaner and moxidectin (Bravecto Plus):Administer as a single dose topically at a dose of 40 mg/kg fluralaner and 2 mg/kg moxidectin every 2 months.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":410},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Mirtazipine","calcID":"Mirtazipine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Antiemetic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"7.5mg","perml":"mg","value":7.5,"id":1},{"name":"15mg","perml":"mg","value":15,"id":2},{"name":"30mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":3},{"name":"45mg/","perml":"tab","value":45,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1.3,"dosemin":1.1,"doseper":1.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1.1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":36,"multiply":"","name":"Mirtazipine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SID (Q48h in Cats)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":411,"brandName":"Remeron, Mirataz"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Nocita","calcID":"Nocita2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Anesthetic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":13.3,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5.3,"dosemin":5.3,"doseper":5.3,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5.3,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":37,"multiply":"","name":"Nocita","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"Local Infiltration","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":412,"brandName":"Bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Phenobarbital","calcID":"Phenobarbital2","canine_dose":"","catdose":2,"category":"Anticonvulsant","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"15mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":1},{"name":"16.2mg/","perml":"tab","value":16.2,"id":2},{"name":"30mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":3},{"name":"32.4mg/","perml":"tab","value":32.4,"id":4},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":5},{"name":"64.8mg/","perml":"tab","value":64.8,"id":6},{"name":"90mg/","perml":"tab","value":90,"id":7},{"name":"97.2mg/","perml":"tab","value":97.2,"id":8},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":9},{"name":"65mg/","perml":"ml","value":65,"id":10}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":2.5,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5,"dosemin":1,"doseper":2.5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2.5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":41,"multiply":"","name":"Phenobarbital","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, IV","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":413,"brandName":"Luminal"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"PotassiumBromide","calcID":"PotassiumBromide2","canine_dose":"0.5 mEq/kg q12-24h PO.","catdose":"","category":"Anticonvulsant","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250mg/","perml":"ml","value":250,"id":1},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":2},{"name":"325mg/","perml":"tab","value":325,"id":3},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":35,"dosemin":15,"doseper":30,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":30,"feline_dose":"2-8 mEq/day divided twice daily PO. For cats that need potassium supplement for chronic kidney disease, start with 1-4 mEq of potassium per cat q12h.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"phosphate is currently not available in tablets (previously 500 mg containing 114 mg [3.7 mmol] of phosphorus). Oral solutions can be made from powdered concentrate mixed with water for oral administration. Potassium phosphate224 mg of monobasic potassium phosphate and 236 mg of dibasic potassium phosphate (3 mmol [93 mg] of phosphorus) per milliliter injection.","hide":"","index":44,"large_animal_dosage":"No doses have been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Potassium Bromide","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO, SID Dogs Maintenance","small_animal_dosage":"0.03-0.12 mmol/kg/h IV for acute treatment. 0.1 mmol/kg/day IV for daily supplementation. 4 mg/kg phosphorus (approximately 0.1 mmol/kg) PO up to four times daily.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":415,"brandName":"K-BroVet, Dibro-Be"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Prednisone","calcID":"Prednisone2","canine_dose":"Anti-inflammatory:0.5-1 mg/kg, per day, which may be divided into twice-daily treatments, IM, or PO initially; then taper to q48h at a dose of 0.3-0.5 mg/kg. Immunosuppressive:2.2-6.6 mg/kg/day IV, IM, or PO initially; then taper to 2-4 mg/kg q48h. Initial doses rarely need to exceed 4 mg/kg per day. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency:0.2-0.3 mg/kg/day PO. Neurologic disease (steroid responsive):Start with 2 mg/kg q12h PO for 2 days followed by gradual tapering to 1 mg/kg, then 0.5 mg/kg, and eventually to 0.5 mg/kg every other day. Cancer therapy (e.g., COAP protocol):40 mg/m2 q24h for 7 days; then 20 mg/m2 every other day PO.","catdose":"","category":"Steroid Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"Not recommended for cats because of an inability to form active metabolite. However, if use is attempted, higher doses than used in dogs are needed.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"oral forms:1, 2.5, 5, 10, 20, 25, and 50 mg tablets; 1 mg/ml syrup (Liquid Pred in 5% alcohol); and 1 mg/ml oral solution (in 5% alcohol) Prednisone for injection:10 and 40 mg/ml prednisone suspension for injection (Meticorten; availability has been limited).","hide":"","index":46,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesPrednisone suspension (Meticorten) (label dosage):100-400 mg per horse (0.22-0.88 mg/kg) as a single dose IM to be repeated every 3-4 days. No oral doses are listed for horses because of an inability of oral treatment to produce active prednisolone concentrations.","multiply":"","name":"Prednisone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SID or divided BID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnti-inflammatory:0.5-1 mg/kg, per day, which may be divided into twice-daily treatments, IM, or PO initially; then taper to q48h at a dose of 0.3-0.5 mg/kg. Immunosuppressive:2.2-6.6 mg/kg/day IV, IM, or PO initially; then taper to 2-4 mg/kg q48h. Initial doses rarely need to exceed 4 mg/kg per day. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency:0.2-0.3 mg/kg/day PO. Neurologic disease (steroid responsive):Start with 2 mg/kg q12h PO for 2 days followed by gradual tapering to 1 mg/kg, then 0.5 mg/kg, and eventually to 0.5 mg/kg every other day. Cancer therapy (e.g., COAP protocol):40 mg/m2 q24h for 7 days; then 20 mg/m2 every other day PO. CatsNot recommended for cats because of an inability to form active metabolite. However, if use is attempted, higher doses than used in dogs are needed.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":416,"brandName":"Deltasone, Rayos"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Prednisolone","calcID":"Prednisolone2","canine_dose":"","catdose":1,"category":"Steroid Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 1-8 mg/kg PO SID or divided BID </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"5mg/","perml":"tab","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":3},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":4},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"10ml","value":10,"id":5},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"10ml","value":50,"id":6},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"ml","value":40,"id":7}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.5,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 0.5-4 mg/kg PO SID or divided BID</span>","dosemax":8,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"sodium succinate100 and 500 mg vials for injection (10, 20, and 50 mg/ml). For some indications, methylprednisolone sodium succinate (Solu-Medrol) has been substituted.","hide":"","index":47,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.5-1 mg/kg q12-24h IM or IV. IV dose should be given slowly over 30-60 seconds. Treatment of shock (although efficacy for treating shock has not been established):15-30 mg/kg IV; repeat dose in 4-6 hours.","multiply":"","name":"Prednisolone","outputtext":"PrednisoloneText","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"SID or divided BID","small_animal_dosage":"Shock (effectiveness of this use is controversial):15-30 mg/kg IV (repeat in 4-6 hours). CNS trauma:15-30 mg/kg IV, taper to 1-2 mg/kg q12h. Anti-inflammatory:1 mg/kg/day IV. Replacement therapy for adrenal insufficiency:0.25-0.5 mg/kg/day IV. Intermittent treatment (pulse therapy) of pemphigus foliaceus:10 mg/kg IV.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"value":417,"brandName":"Orapred, Pediapred, Millipred"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Pyrantel","calcID":"Pyrantel2","canine_dose":"5 mg/kg once PO; repeat in 7-10 days. (Combination products may be dosed on a different schedule [e.g., once per month]. Consult specific labeling for dose intervals.)","catdose":"","category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"22.7mg/","perml":"tab","value":22.7,"id":1},{"name":"113.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":113.5,"id":2},{"name":"4.54mg/","perml":"ml","value":4.54,"id":3},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":10,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":5,"feline_dose":"20 mg/kg once PO. Doses may be mixed with food.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"171, 180, and 226 mg/ml (base) paste; 22.7- and 113.5 mg (base) tablets; and 2.27, 4.54, and 50 mg/ml (base) suspension. Equine paste is 19.31%. It is also available in 10.6, 12.6, and 21.1-g/kg of pellets for medicated feed. Pyrantel pamoate is a salt and contains 34.7% pyrantel base. Doses are based on the amount of pyrantel base. Pyrantel tartrate contains 57.9% pyrantel base.Many of the formulations contain other antiparasitic drugs (e.g., praziquantel). For example, it 13.6 mg of praziquantel and 54.3 of mg pyrantel, 18.2 mg of praziquantel and 72.6 mg of pyrantel, or 27.2 mg of praziquantel and 108.6 mg of pyrantel. The product Simparica Trio contains sarolaner, moxidectin, and pyrantel in a single chewable tablet for dogs for once per month administration.","hide":"","index":49,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesNematodes:6.6 mg/kg PO. Cestodes:13.2 mg/kg. Medicated feed:12.5 mg/kg as a single dose or 2.6 mg/kg/day for prevention. Pigs22 mg/kg administered in feed as a single treatment.","multiply":"","name":"Pyrantel","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5 mg/kg once PO; repeat in 7-10 days. (Combination products may be dosed on a different schedule [e.g., once per month]. Consult specific labeling for dose intervals.) Cats20 mg/kg once PO. Doses may be mixed with food.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":418,"brandName":"Nemex, Strongid"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Amoxicillin-Clavulanate","calcID":"Amoxicillin-Clavulanate2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"62.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":62.5,"id":1},{"name":"62.5mg/","perml":"ml","value":62.5,"id":2},{"name":"125mg/","perml":"tab","value":125,"id":3},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":4},{"name":"375mg/","perml":"tab","value":375,"id":5},{"name":"625mg/","perml":"tab","value":625,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":25,"dosemin":13.75,"doseper":13.75,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":13.75,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":65,"multiply":"","name":"Amoxicillin-Clavulanate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":421,"brandName":"Clavamox, Augmentin, Clavaseptin, Synulox"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Cefazolin","calcID":"Cefazolin2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"330mg/","perml":"ml","value":330,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":35,"dosemin":15,"doseper":15,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"50 and 100 mg/50 ml for injection in 1-g or 500 mg vials. Reconstituted to produce 275 or 330 mg/ml.","hide":"","index":68,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses25 mg/kg q6h IM or IV.","multiply":"","name":"Cefazolin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"BID","small_animal_dosage":"25 mg/kg q6h IV or IM. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):1.3 mg/kg loading dose followed by 1.2 mg/kg/h. Perisurgical use:22 mg/kg IV q2h during surgery.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":422,"brandName":"Ancef, Kefzol"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Ceftiofur","calcID":"Ceftiofur2","canine_dose":"UTI:2.2-4.4 mg/kg q24h SQ.","catdose":"","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":4.4,"dosemin":2.2,"doseper":2.2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2.2,"feline_dose":"Dose not established but has been extrapolated from canine dose.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"sodium50 mg/ml vials for injection.","hide":"","index":72,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses4.4 mg/kg q24h IM or 2.2 mg/kg q12h IM for as long as 10 days. Treatment of some gram-negative infections may require doses at the higher range, and up to 11 mg/kg/day IM has been given to horses. CRI:Loading dose of 2.4 mg/kg followed by 0.2 mg/kg/h to achieve a target concentration of 4 mcg/ml.Foals5 mg/kg q12h IV or CRI of 1 mg/kg/h IV. CattleBRD:1.1-2.2 mg/kg (0.5-1.0 mg/lb) q24h for 3 days IM. Additional doses may be given on days 4 and 5 if necessary. In cattle, these doses also may be administered SQ, which is bioequivalent to other routes of administration. PigsRespiratory infections:3-5 mg/kg (1.36-2.27 mg/lb) q24h for 3 days IM.Sheep and Goats1.1-2.2 mg/kg (0.5-1.0 mg/lb) q24h for 3 days IM or SQ. Additional doses may be given on days 4 and 5 if necessary.","multiply":"","name":"Ceftiofur","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SID","small_animal_dosage":"DogsUTI:2.2-4.4 mg/kg q24h SQ. CatsDose not established but has been extrapolated from canine dose.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":423,"brandName":"Naxcel, Excenel, Excede"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"SulfamethoxazoleTrimethoprim","calcID":"SulfamethoxazoleTrimethoprim2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"480mg/","perml":"tab","value":480,"id":1},{"name":"960mg/","perml":"tab","value":960,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":30,"dosemin":15,"doseper":15,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":82,"multiply":"","name":"Sulfamethoxazole/Trimethoprim","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":424,"brandName":"Tribrissen, Bactrim, Septra"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Sulfadimethoxine","calcID":"Sulfadimethoxine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Antibiotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"120mg/","perml":"tab","value":120,"id":1},{"name":"240mg/","perml":"tab","value":240,"id":2},{"name":"600mg/","perml":"tab","value":600,"id":3},{"name":"1200mg/","perml":"tab","value":1200,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemax":55,"dosemin":27.5,"doseper":27.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":27.5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":83,"multiply":"","name":"Sulfadimethoxine/Ormetoprim","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":425,"brandName":"Primor"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"hetastarchx","calcID":"Hetastarch2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"shock shockfluids","color":"indigo","concentration":"6% (6 g/100ml)","dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":10,"dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"shock","hide":true,"index":87,"indication":"Colloid","infoLink":"Shock bolus (resuscitation):<br>10-20 ml/kg in dogs and 5-10 ml/kg in cats IV usually over 15-30 minutes. A CRI can follow at 1-2 ml/kg/hour IV; not to exceed 20 ml/kg/day","multiply":1,"name":"Hetastarch 6%","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"","route":"IV, keep below 20 ml/kg, short duration only","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":427,"brandName":"Hespan, Hextend"},{"appendose":"ml","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"vetstarchx","calcID":"Vetstarch2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"shock shockfluids","color":"indigo","concentration":"130/0.4 IN 0.9% NACL","dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":10,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":10,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"shock","formulations":"","hide":true,"index":88,"indication":"Colloid","infoLink":"The initial 10-20 ml should be infused slowly, monitoring the patient closely due to possible anaphylactoid reactions.","large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":1,"name":"Vetstarch 6%","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"","route":"IV, keep below 20 ml/kg, short duration only","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":428,"brandName":"VetStarch"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"salinex","calcID":"Saline2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"shock shockfluids","color":"indigo","concentration":7.2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":8,"dosemin":1,"doseper":4,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"shock","hide":true,"index":89,"indication":"Hypovolemic Shock","infoLink":"Rate not to exceed a CRI rate of 1 ml/kg/minute. Follow with crystalloid therapy to maintain adequate tissue hydration","multiply":1,"name":"Hypertonic Saline","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"%","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":429,"brandName":"Hypertonic Saline"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"mls (Dilute 1:4)","bsa":"","calc":"Dextrose","calcID":"Dextrose2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":1,"dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Fluid solution for IV administration is 5% dextrose, which contains 5 g of glucose per 100 ml (50 g/L). Fifty percent dextrose contains 500 mg/ml (50 g/100 ml). For treatment in large animals, add a 500-ml bottle of 50% dextrose to a 5-L bag of IV fluids.","hide":true,"index":90,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses:Treatment of hyperkalemia:8-16 mg/kg per minute infusion as an emergency treatment for life-threatening hyperkalemia. See the Formulation section for mixing solutions. An infusion can be administered IV over 1 hour. For milder cases, administer 1-2 mg/kg per minute IV. Calves, Cattle, andHorsesFive percent dextrose solution:45 ml/kg q24h IV. Cows:0.1-0.2 gm/kg/h IV of dextrose 50% solution for 5 days to treat hepatic lipidosis and ketosis.","name":"Dextrose 50%","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"500mg/ml","route":",Dilute 1:2 - 1:4, IV slowly","small_animal_dosage":"Five percent dextrose solution:40-50 ml/kg q24h IV. In emergency hypoglycemic crisis:1-ml 50% dextrose solution IV diluted with saline.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":430,"brandName":"D50W"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","adverseEffects":"Adverse effects include pain on IM injection; increased heart rate, blood pressure, and myocardial oxygen consumption. Eyes should be protected from injury with an ocular lubricant. Does not provide muscle relaxation and should not be used alone for major surgery. Contraindicated where increased intraocular pressure or open globe injuries are present. Use with caution in animals with pre-existing seizure disorders, cardiovascular and renal compromise.","bsa":"","calc":"Ketamine","calcID":"Ketamine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","selected":"","value":50,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":15,"dosemin":5,"doseper":5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"100 mg/ml injection solution. Esketamine hydrochloride (Spravato) is the S-isomer of ketamine (the active form). This product is used for intranasal delivery in people to treat depression. The use in animals has not been reported.","hide":"","index":93,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses, Cattle, Sheep, and Swine2 mg/kg IV (in horses, pretreat with a sedative). Ketamine at 1.1 mg/kg mixed with xylazine at 0.5 mg/kg may be combined in the same syringe and administered IV. CRI for analgesia:Loading dose of 0.6 mg/kg IV followed by CRI of 0.4-0.8 mg/kg/h and increased to 1.2 mg/kg/h if needed. To prepare CRI solution for analgesia, add 30 ml of ketamine to a 1-L bag of fluids (3 mg/ml) and administer IV over a duration of 8 hours at a rate of 125 ml/h for average size horse. Total IV anesthesia:2 mg/kg/h up to 6 mg/kg/h delivered IV. This may be added to fluids in a concentration of 2 mg/ml of ketamine with other agents (e.g., guaifenesin, 100 mg/ml; or detomidine, 0.02 mg/ml) and infused IV at a rate of 1-3 ml/kg/h (to effect). Equine “triple drip” consists of 500 mg xylazine plus 2000 mg of ketamine added to 1 L of 5% guaifenesin in dextrose. Infused at a rate of 1.1 ml/kg for induction; then 2.4 ml/kg/h for maintenance. 10 mg/kg IM. Often used in combination with other agents, such as xylazine. Foals, treatment of seizures:0.02 mg/kg/min CRI.","multiply":3,"name":"Ketamine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":431,"brandName":"Ketaset, Vetalar, Ketalar"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Telazol","calcID":"Telazol2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":13.2,"dosemin":2.2,"doseper":3,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":3,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":94,"indication":"","multiply":3,"name":"Telazol (Tiletamine/Zolazepam)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"(6.6-13.2mg/kg IM, 2.2-4.4mg/kg IV)","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":432,"brandName":"Tiletamine/Zolazepam"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Butorphanol","calcID":"Butorphanol2","canine_dose":"Antitussive:0.055 mg/kg q6-12h SQ, 0.011 mg/kg IM, or 0.5-1 mg/kg q6-12h PO. Pre-anesthetic or sedative use:0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ. May be used with other sedatives such as acepromazine. Analgesic:0.2-0.4 mg/kg q2-4h IV, IM, or SQ or 1-4 mg/kg q6h PO. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h.","catdose":"","category":"Analgesic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","selected":"selected","value":2,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"feline_dose":"Analgesic:0.2-0.8 mg/kg q2-6h IV or SQ or 1.5 mg/kg q4-8h PO. Sedation:0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV or IM. Often administered with other sedative agents. When combined with other agents for short-term use, use the lower dose of 0.2 mg/kg. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1, 5, and 10 mg tablets and 0.5 and 1 mg/ml injection. Torbugesic10 mg/ml injection; Butorphine for cats2 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":97,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesPain:0.2-0.4 mg/kg q3-4h IV. In some instances, lower doses of 0.02-0.1 mg/kg IV or 0.04-0.2 mg/kg IM have been used. Low doses of 0.1 mg/kg IV have been used to minimize the decrease in intestinal motility. Sedation:0.01-0.06 mg/kg IV. CRI:13-24 mcg/kg/h (0.013-0.024 mg/kg) IV.Ruminants0.05-0.2 mg/kg IV. CattleIn combination with xylazine, 0.01-0.02 mg/kg IV.","name":"Butorphanol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SQ,IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAntitussive:0.055 mg/kg q6-12h SQ, 0.011 mg/kg IM, or 0.5-1 mg/kg q6-12h PO. Pre-anesthetic or sedative use:0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ. May be used with other sedatives such as acepromazine. Analgesic:0.2-0.4 mg/kg q2-4h IV, IM, or SQ or 1-4 mg/kg q6h PO. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h. CatsAnalgesic:0.2-0.8 mg/kg q2-6h IV or SQ or 1.5 mg/kg q4-8h PO. Sedation:0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV or IM. Often administered with other sedative agents. When combined with other agents for short-term use, use the lower dose of 0.2 mg/kg. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":433,"brandName":"Torbugesic, Torbutrol, Stadol, Dolorex"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Morphine","calcID":"Morphine2","canine_dose":"Analgesia:0.5 mg/kg q2h IV or IM. However, the full dose range is 0.1-1 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q4h, depending on the desired effect (dosage is escalated as needed to control severity of pain). CRI:Loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1 mg/kg/h. This may be increased to a loading dose of 0.3 mg/kg followed by 0.17 mg/kg/h for more severe pain. Doses as high as a loading dose of 0.6 mg/kg followed by 0.34 mg/kg IV have been used in experimental dogs without producing adverse effects. Oral dosing:Regular tablets should not be used. Sustained-release tablets have been used at a dosage of 15 or 30 mg per dog q8-12h PO, but studies have shown these tablets to be inconsistently and poorly absorbed in dogs. Epidural:0.1 mg/kg. Combination of MLK:mixed as 100 mg/ml of ketamine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) + 20 mg/ml of lidocaine (30 ml per 500 ml fluids), and 15 mg/ml of morphine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) and infused at a rate of morphine, 0.24 mg/kg h; lidocaine, 3 mg/kg/h; and ketamine, 0.6 mg/kg/h, administered as CRI for perioperative analgesia.","catdose":"","category":"Narcotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"15 mg/","perml":"ml","value":15,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"feline_dose":"Analgesia:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ q3-6h (or as needed). CRI:loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.05-0.1 mg/kg/h IV. Epidural 0.1 mg/kg diluted in saline to 0.3 ml/kg.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Injection formulations:Morphine1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 15, 25, and 50 mg/ml injection (most common is 15 mg/ml) Oral formulations:15 and 30 mg tablets and extended-release tablets in 15, 30, 60, 100, and 200 mg (MS Contin, Oramorph SR, or generic brands). Morphine pentahydrate (Avinza)60 mg capsules.","hide":"","index":98,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesFor light chemical restraint, use 0.3-0.5 mg/kg IV, in combination with other sedatives. For mild pain, start with 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV or IM q6h. For more severe pain, gradually increase to 0.5-1 mg/kg IV or IM. Give IV doses slowly. Morphine may cause excitement in horses, and it is advised to first sedate with an alpha2 agonist or another sedative. Intra-articular (use preservative-free solutions):0.05 mg/kg; start with initial concentration of 20 mg/ml solution and dilute in saline to 5 mg/ml and administered at a rate of 1 ml per joint per 100 kg of body weight.RuminantsThe benefits of using morphine in ruminants are controversial. However, 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV and up to 0.4 mg/kg IV have been used to treat pain and in perioperative situations.","name":"Morphine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SQ,IM","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnalgesia:0.5 mg/kg q2h IV or IM. However, the full dose range is 0.1-1 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q4h, depending on the desired effect (dosage is escalated as needed to control severity of pain). CRI:Loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1 mg/kg/h. This may be increased to a loading dose of 0.3 mg/kg followed by 0.17 mg/kg/h for more severe pain. Doses as high as a loading dose of 0.6 mg/kg followed by 0.34 mg/kg IV have been used in experimental dogs without producing adverse effects. Oral dosing:Regular tablets should not be used. Sustained-release tablets have been used at a dosage of 15 or 30 mg per dog q8-12h PO, but studies have shown these tablets to be inconsistently and poorly absorbed in dogs. Epidural:0.1 mg/kg. Combination of MLK:mixed as 100 mg/ml of ketamine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) + 20 mg/ml of lidocaine (30 ml per 500 ml fluids), and 15 mg/ml of morphine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) and infused at a rate of morphine, 0.24 mg/kg h; lidocaine, 3 mg/kg/h; and ketamine, 0.6 mg/kg/h, administered as CRI for perioperative analgesia. CatsAnalgesia:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ q3-6h (or as needed). CRI:loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.05-0.1 mg/kg/h IV. Epidural 0.1 mg/kg diluted in saline to 0.3 ml/kg.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":434,"brandName":"Duramorph, Astramorph"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Buprenorphine","calcID":"Buprenorphine2","canine_dose":"Conventional formulation (0.3 mg/ml):0.006-0.02 mg/kg q4-8h IV, IM, or SQ. For analgesia, higher doses are used in the range of 0.03-0.04 mg/kg, IV, IM, or SQ (30-40 mcg/kg). Concentrated solution (1.8 mg/ml):20 mcg/kg, IM or SQ, administered for relief of surgical pain. Constant rate infusion (CRI):20 mcg/kg IV followed by 5 mcg/kg/h infusion. Epidural:0.003-0.006 mg/kg (3-6 mcg/kg). Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","catdose":"","category":"Narcotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"0.3 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.3,"id":1},{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.5,"id":2},{"name":"0.6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.6,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.02,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.02,"feline_dose":"For analgesia, a dose of 0.01-0.02 mg/kg (10-20 mcg/kg) IV or 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IM. Duration is 4-6 hours typically. Additional doses of 0.02 mg/kg may be administered. For sedation, often with other sedative agents, the dose of 0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM is used. It is not as effective for sedation as other combinations of agents. CRI:20 mcg/kg IV followed by 12 mcg/kg/h infusion. Subcutaneous administration:The concentrated formulation (Simbadol) can be administered SQ once daily for up to 3 days at a dose of 0.24 mg/kg (240 mcg/kg). This formulation may be administered prior to surgery. Buccal (transmucosal) administration:0.02-0.04 mg/kg (20-40 mcg/kg) q8h. 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) is equivalent to 0.066 ml/kg. This may be applied to the cat’s gingival or oral mucosa (i.e., sublingual). Epidural:12.5 mcg/kg diluted with saline to a volume of 0.3 ml/kg. Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"0.3 mg/ml injection solution in a 1-ml vial. Simbadol is a veterinary formulation concentrated in 1.8 mg/ml for use in cats but has also been used in dogs. Tablets:2- or 8 mg sublingual tablets (Subutex and Suboxone with naloxone), which has been used in people to treat substance abuse. Suboxone (with naloxone) is also available in a transmucosal/sublingual film. Butrans is a 7-day transdermal system (Butrans) that delivers 5, 10, and 20-mcg/h to human patients. Buprenorphine SR n unapproved injectable sustained-release polymer that is designed for 72-hour delivery in a 10-or 3 mg/ml formulation. Buprenorphine buccal film (Belbuca):available in sizes of 75, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900-mcg buccal film. These have not been evaluated in animals. In people, they are applied q12-24h for pain relief at a maximum dose of 13 mcg/kg. Buprenorphine 3 mg/ml oral gel (buccal solution):This formulation has been compounded into a transdermal gel for cats. The formulation that has been tested for stability and potency is as follows:buprenorphine hydrochloride 30 mg, dextrose 500 mg, sodium citrate 20 mg, citric acid monohydrate 25 mg, purified water in a sufficient quantity to make a total of 10 ml. These ingredients are all combined together and mixed well. The pH of the formulation is 3.5-4.2. This product is stable for 90 days after preparation when stored in the refrigerator or room temperature in an amber glass dropper bottle.","hide":"","index":101,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.005-0.01 mg/kg (5-10 mcg/kg IM); short acting in horses. Sheep0.01 mg/kg (10 mcg/kg) IM q6h.","name":"Buprenorphine Inj","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsConventional formulation (0.3 mg/ml):0.006-0.02 mg/kg q4-8h IV, IM, or SQ. For analgesia, higher doses are used in the range of 0.03-0.04 mg/kg, IV, IM, or SQ (30-40 mcg/kg). Concentrated solution (1.8 mg/ml):20 mcg/kg, IM or SQ, administered for relief of surgical pain. Constant rate infusion (CRI):20 mcg/kg IV followed by 5 mcg/kg/h infusion. Epidural:0.003-0.006 mg/kg (3-6 mcg/kg). Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours). CatsFor analgesia, a dose of 0.01-0.02 mg/kg (10-20 mcg/kg) IV or 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IM. Duration is 4-6 hours typically. Additional doses of 0.02 mg/kg may be administered. For sedation, often with other sedative agents, the dose of 0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM is used. It is not as effective for sedation as other combinations of agents. CRI:20 mcg/kg IV followed by 12 mcg/kg/h infusion. Subcutaneous administration:The concentrated formulation (Simbadol) can be administered SQ once daily for up to 3 days at a dose of 0.24 mg/kg (240 mcg/kg). This formulation may be administered prior to surgery. Buccal (transmucosal) administration:0.02-0.04 mg/kg (20-40 mcg/kg) q8h. 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) is equivalent to 0.066 ml/kg. This may be applied to the cat’s gingival or oral mucosa (i.e., sublingual). Epidural:12.5 mcg/kg diluted with saline to a volume of 0.3 ml/kg. Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":435,"brandName":"Buprenex, Simbadol"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"BuprenorphineOral","calcID":"BuprenorphineOral2","canine_dose":"Conventional formulation (0.3 mg/ml):0.006-0.02 mg/kg q4-8h IV, IM, or SQ. For analgesia, higher doses are used in the range of 0.03-0.04 mg/kg, IV, IM, or SQ (30-40 mcg/kg). Concentrated solution (1.8 mg/ml):20 mcg/kg, IM or SQ, administered for relief of surgical pain. Constant rate infusion (CRI):20 mcg/kg IV followed by 5 mcg/kg/h infusion. Epidural:0.003-0.006 mg/kg (3-6 mcg/kg). Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","catdose":"","category":"Narcotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"0.3 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.3,"id":1},{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.5,"id":2},{"name":"0.6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.6,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.03,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.03,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.03,"feline_dose":"For analgesia, a dose of 0.01-0.02 mg/kg (10-20 mcg/kg) IV or 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IM. Duration is 4-6 hours typically. Additional doses of 0.02 mg/kg may be administered. For sedation, often with other sedative agents, the dose of 0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM is used. It is not as effective for sedation as other combinations of agents. CRI:20 mcg/kg IV followed by 12 mcg/kg/h infusion. Subcutaneous administration:The concentrated formulation (Simbadol) can be administered SQ once daily for up to 3 days at a dose of 0.24 mg/kg (240 mcg/kg). This formulation may be administered prior to surgery. Buccal (transmucosal) administration:0.02-0.04 mg/kg (20-40 mcg/kg) q8h. 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) is equivalent to 0.066 ml/kg. This may be applied to the cat’s gingival or oral mucosa (i.e., sublingual). Epidural:12.5 mcg/kg diluted with saline to a volume of 0.3 ml/kg. Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"0.3 mg/ml injection solution in a 1-ml vial. Simbadol is a veterinary formulation concentrated in 1.8 mg/ml for use in cats but has also been used in dogs. Tablets:2- or 8 mg sublingual tablets (Subutex and Suboxone with naloxone), which has been used in people to treat substance abuse. Suboxone (with naloxone) is also available in a transmucosal/sublingual film. Butrans is a 7-day transdermal system (Butrans) that delivers 5, 10, and 20-mcg/h to human patients. Buprenorphine SR n unapproved injectable sustained-release polymer that is designed for 72-hour delivery in a 10-or 3 mg/ml formulation. Buprenorphine buccal film (Belbuca):available in sizes of 75, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900-mcg buccal film. These have not been evaluated in animals. In people, they are applied q12-24h for pain relief at a maximum dose of 13 mcg/kg. Buprenorphine 3 mg/ml oral gel (buccal solution):This formulation has been compounded into a transdermal gel for cats. The formulation that has been tested for stability and potency is as follows:buprenorphine hydrochloride 30 mg, dextrose 500 mg, sodium citrate 20 mg, citric acid monohydrate 25 mg, purified water in a sufficient quantity to make a total of 10 ml. These ingredients are all combined together and mixed well. The pH of the formulation is 3.5-4.2. This product is stable for 90 days after preparation when stored in the refrigerator or room temperature in an amber glass dropper bottle.","hide":"","index":102,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.005-0.01 mg/kg (5-10 mcg/kg IM); short acting in horses. Sheep0.01 mg/kg (10 mcg/kg) IM q6h.","name":"Buprenorphine Buccal","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsConventional formulation (0.3 mg/ml):0.006-0.02 mg/kg q4-8h IV, IM, or SQ. For analgesia, higher doses are used in the range of 0.03-0.04 mg/kg, IV, IM, or SQ (30-40 mcg/kg). Concentrated solution (1.8 mg/ml):20 mcg/kg, IM or SQ, administered for relief of surgical pain. Constant rate infusion (CRI):20 mcg/kg IV followed by 5 mcg/kg/h infusion. Epidural:0.003-0.006 mg/kg (3-6 mcg/kg). Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours). CatsFor analgesia, a dose of 0.01-0.02 mg/kg (10-20 mcg/kg) IV or 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IM. Duration is 4-6 hours typically. Additional doses of 0.02 mg/kg may be administered. For sedation, often with other sedative agents, the dose of 0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM is used. It is not as effective for sedation as other combinations of agents. CRI:20 mcg/kg IV followed by 12 mcg/kg/h infusion. Subcutaneous administration:The concentrated formulation (Simbadol) can be administered SQ once daily for up to 3 days at a dose of 0.24 mg/kg (240 mcg/kg). This formulation may be administered prior to surgery. Buccal (transmucosal) administration:0.02-0.04 mg/kg (20-40 mcg/kg) q8h. 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) is equivalent to 0.066 ml/kg. This may be applied to the cat’s gingival or oral mucosa (i.e., sublingual). Epidural:12.5 mcg/kg diluted with saline to a volume of 0.3 ml/kg. Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":436,"brandName":"Buprenex"},{"alternatenames":"","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Buprenorphine","calc":"Simbadol","calcID":"Simbadol2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Narcotic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1.8,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='fa-stack'><i class='far fa-ban fa-stack-2x' style='color:tomato;'></i><i class='fas fa-dog fa-stack-1x'></i></span>","dosage":"","dosemax":0.24,"dosemin":0.24,"doseper":0.24,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.24,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":104,"indication":"","name":"Simbadol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SQ <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> *CATS ONLY*","species":"All","species_restriction":"cat_only","speciesChange":"","value":438},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Alfaxalone","calcID":"Alfaxalone2","canine_dose":"Induction:1.5-4.5 mg/kg IV if dogs did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. 0.2-3.5 mg/kg for dogs that received a pre-anesthetic. Always titrate the dose according to the patient response. Generally, the dose is 1-1.2 mg/kg (up to 2 mg/kg) for each 10 minutes of anesthesia. Deliver dose IV over 60 seconds. CRI:6-10 mg/kg/h IV (suitable to use with other anesthetic agents).","catdose":"","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":10,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i> </span>","dosage":"","dosemax":9.7,"dosemin":1.5,"doseper":0.5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2,"feline_dose":"2.2-10 mg/kg (average dose is 4 mg/kg) IV if the cat did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. If the cat received a pre-anesthetic sedative, the dose is 1-4 mg/kg IV or IM. Always consider the lower dose first and titrate the dose according to the patient’s response. Generally, the dosage is 1-1.3 mg/kg IV (up to 5 mg/kg) delivered over 60 seconds followed by sequential doses of 2 mg/kg as needed. Sedation protocols for cats:Inject IM or IV at a dose of 2-3 mg/kg for mild sedation. It may be combined with other sedative agents in the same syringe (e.g., butorphanol at 0.2 mg/kg). CRI:Loading dose of 1.7 mg/kg IV followed by CRI of 7-10 mg/kg/h IV.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"without preservatives10 mg/ml injectable formulation, 10-ml vial, with a shelf-life of 6 hours after initial puncture of the stopper. Alfaxalone with preservativesclear aqueous solution with 2-hydroxpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. It has a pH of 6.5-7. The preservatives are ethanol, benzethonium chloride, and chlorocresol. It10 and 20-ml vials with a shelf-life of 28 days.","hide":"","index":106,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are available.","multiply":"","name":"Alfaxalone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV to effect over 60sec, IM","small_animal_dosage":"DogsInduction:1.5-4.5 mg/kg IV if dogs did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. 0.2-3.5 mg/kg for dogs that received a pre-anesthetic. Always titrate the dose according to the patient response. Generally, the dose is 1-1.2 mg/kg (up to 2 mg/kg) for each 10 minutes of anesthesia. Deliver dose IV over 60 seconds. CRI:6-10 mg/kg/h IV (suitable to use with other anesthetic agents). Cats2.2-10 mg/kg (average dose is 4 mg/kg) IV if the cat did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. If the cat received a pre-anesthetic sedative, the dose is 1-4 mg/kg IV or IM. Always consider the lower dose first and titrate the dose according to the patient’s response. Generally, the dosage is 1-1.3 mg/kg IV (up to 5 mg/kg) delivered over 60 seconds followed by sequential doses of 2 mg/kg as needed. Sedation protocols for cats:Inject IM or IV at a dose of 2-3 mg/kg for mild sedation. It may be combined with other sedative agents in the same syringe (e.g., butorphanol at 0.2 mg/kg). CRI:Loading dose of 1.7 mg/kg IV followed by CRI of 7-10 mg/kg/h IV.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":439,"brandName":"Alfaxan, Alfaxan Multidose"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Bupivacaine","calcID":"Bupivacaine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":5,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"0.25%, 0.5%, and 0.75% (2.5, 5, and 7.5 mg/ml) solution for injection. Exparel (human formulation) local multivesicular liposomes are available in a bupivacaine concentration of 13.3 mg/ml in 10- or 20-ml vials. Nocita (veterinary formulation) is a bupivacaine liposome injectable suspension available for dogs and cats in a concentration of 13.3 mg/ml.","hide":"","index":108,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Limited to local infiltration for minor surgery.","name":"Bupivacaine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"Local Anesthetic, 1-2mg/kg NOT IV","small_animal_dosage":"Epidural dose:1-1.5 mg/kg; for nerve blocks, usually 0.2 ml/kg of 0.5% solution is used. Multivesicular liposomes:Infiltrate surgical site with 100-200 mg per site. Duration of effect is usually 96 hours. Liposomal injectable suspension (13.3 mg/ml):5.3 mg/kg (0.4 ml/kg) injected by infiltration into the surgical tissues at the time of incisional closure. A single dose is designed to provide up to 72 hours of pain control. Use in cats for onychectomy:5.3 mg/kg per forelimb (0.4 ml/kg per forelimb) to a total dose of 10.6 mg/kg per cat in a four-point nerve block. Inject volumes of 0.02-0.16 ml/kg in the region of the nerves supplying the distal limb, as instructed in the product insert.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":440,"brandName":"Marcaine, Sensorcaine"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"EpinephrineH","calcID":"EpinephrineH2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"0.1mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.1,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.05,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1 mg/ml (1:1000) injection solution and 0.1 mg/ml (1:10,000) injection solution. The 1:10,000 is often used IV, and the 1:1000 solution is used IM or SQ. Ampules for people are designed to deliver 1 mg/person (approximately 14 mcg/kg).","hide":"","index":110,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"1 mg/ml (1:1000) solution most often used. Anaphylactic shock (cattle, pigs, horses, and sheep):20 mcg/kg (0.02 mg/kg) IM or 1 ml/45 kg (1 ml/100 lb). 5-10 mcg/kg (0.005-0.01 mg/kg) IV or 0.25-0.5 ml/45 kg (100 lb).","multiply":3,"name":"Epinephrine High","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":true,"trachID":"epinephrineHT","value":441,"brandName":"Adrenalin"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"EpinephrineL","calcID":"EpinephrineL2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":1},{"name":"0.1mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.1,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.01,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"1 mg/ml (1:1000) injection solution and 0.1 mg/ml (1:10,000) injection solution. The 1:10,000 is often used IV, and the 1:1000 solution is used IM or SQ. Ampules for people are designed to deliver 1 mg/person (approximately 14 mcg/kg).","hide":"","index":111,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"1 mg/ml (1:1000) solution most often used. Anaphylactic shock (cattle, pigs, horses, and sheep):20 mcg/kg (0.02 mg/kg) IM or 1 ml/45 kg (1 ml/100 lb). 5-10 mcg/kg (0.005-0.01 mg/kg) IV or 0.25-0.5 ml/45 kg (100 lb).","name":"Epinephrine Low","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":442,"brandName":"Adrenalin"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Calcium-Gluconate","calcID":"Calcium2","canine_dose":"0.5 g/day (500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","catdose":"","category":"Supplement","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":140,"dosemin":94,"doseper":94,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":94,"feline_dose":"0.2-0.5 g/day (200-500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"lactate325 mg (42.25 mg of calcium ion) and 650 mg (84.5 mg of calcium ion) OTC tablets.","hide":"","index":114,"indication":"Hypocalcemia","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","name":"Calcium Gluconate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"Slow IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.5 g/day (500 mg) (in divided doses) PO. Cats0.2-0.5 g/day (200-500 mg) (in divided doses) PO.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":445,"brandName":"Calcium Gluconate"},{"alternatenames":"","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Dexamethasone","calcID":"Dexamethasone2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"steroid Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"tab","selected":"","value":0.5,"id":2},{"name":"0.75 mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.75,"id":3},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"tab","selected":"","value":1,"id":4},{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"tab","value":2,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"Sodium phosphate solution 4 mg/ml, equivalent to 3 mg/ml of dexamethasone base.","hide":"","index":115,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle AndHorsesTreatment of inflammation:0.04-0.15 mg/kg/day IV or IM. Ketosis (cattle):0.01-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM. Induction of parturition (cattle):0.05 mg/kg (25 mg per animal) as a single dose during the last week or 2 weeks of pregnancy. A dose of PGF2 alpha may be administered concurrently (0.5 mg/animal). Dexamethasone suppression test in horses:40 mcg/kg and collect samples at 17 and 19 hours. SheepInduction of parturition:0.15 mg/kg/day IM for 1-5 days during the last week of gestation.","name":"Dexamethasone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,PO 0.05-0.1 mg/kg SID","small_animal_dosage":"Anti-inflammatory:0.07-0.15 mg/kg q12-24h IV or IM. Shock, spinal injury (efficacy is questionable and risks may be high):2.2-4.4 mg/kg IV. Low-dose dexamethasone suppression test:0.01 mg/kg or 0.015 mg/kg IV (for dogs) and 0.1 mg/kg IV (for cats) and collect sample at 0, 4, and 8 hours. High-dose dexamethasone suppression test:0.1 mg/kg or 1.0 mg/kg IV (for dogs) and 1.0 mg/kg IV (for cats).","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":446,"brandName":"Azium, Decadron"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"Joules","bsa":"","calc":"extDefib","calcID":"extDefib2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"orange","concentration":1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":10,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"","hide":true,"index":121,"indication":"Defibrillator","name":"Defibrillator - External","outputtext":"","perkg":"Joules/kg","perml":"Joule","route":"External","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":449},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"Joules","bsa":"","calc":"intDefib","calcID":"intDefib2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"orange","concentration":1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"","hide":true,"index":122,"indication":"Defibrillator","name":"Defibrillator - Internal","outputtext":"","perkg":"Joules/kg","perml":"Joule","route":"Internal","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":450},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Maintenance","calcID":"Maintenance","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":0.1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"fluids_maintenance","hide":"","index":125,"multiply":"","name":"Fluids:Maintenance","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":451},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Shock","calcID":"Shock","canine_dose":"","catdose":5,"category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'> <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 5-10 ml/kg over 15-30 min</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"infoLink":"Give the calculated volume over ~ 15-30 minutes and then re-assess the patient","decimal":2,"dogdose":15,"dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'> <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i>15-20 ml/kg over 15-30 min</span>","dosage":"","dosemax":20,"dosemin":5,"doseper":15,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":15,"feline_dose":"","fluids":"shock","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","index":126,"multiply":"","name":"Fluids:Resuscitation","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":452},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Surgery","calcID":"Surgery","canine_dose":"","catdose":3,"category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'> <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 2-3 ml/kg/hr IV</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":5,"dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'> <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i> 2-6 ml/kg/hr IV</span>","dosage":"","dosemax":5,"dosemin":3,"doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":5,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"fluids":"Fluids:Surgical","hide":true,"index":127,"multiply":"","name":"Fluids:Surgical","outputtext":"","perkg":"ml/kg/hr","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":453},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"DT","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Analgesic Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"","color":"green","concentration":0.1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"Dexmedetomidine-Butorphanol","hide":"","index":132,"multiply":"","name":"Dexmedetomidine-Butorphanol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":456,"brandName":"Dexdomitor, Torbugesic"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"DKT","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Analgesic Anesthetic","cattext":"","class":"","color":"green","concentration":0.1,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine-Butorphanol","hide":"","index":133,"multiply":"","name":"Dexmedetomidine-Ketamine-Butorphanol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":457,"brandName":"Dexdomitor, Ketaset, Torbugesic"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Chill","calcID":"Chill","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Behavior","cattext":"","class":"","color":"green","concentration":"","decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"Chill","hide":"","index":134,"multiply":"","name":"Chill Protocol","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":458},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Cytopoint","calcID":"Cytopoint","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"","color":"green","concentration":"","decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"Cytopoint","hide":"","index":135,"multiply":"","name":"Cytopoint","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":459,"brandName":"Lokivetmab"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","brandName":"DOCP","calc":"Desoxycorticosterone","calcID":"Desoxycorticosterone2","canine_dose":"2.2 mg/kg q25 days SQ or IM. Adjust dose by monitoring electrolytes. The most consistent dosage for DOCP has been 2.2 mg/kg SQ once per 25 days, but many dogs can be managed with a starting dose of 1.5 mg/kg with a target interval ranging from 28 to 30 days.","catdose":"","category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":25,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2.4,"dosemin":1.65,"doseper":2.2,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2.2,"feline_dose":"2.2 mg/kg SQ every 25 days (adjust dose by monitoring).","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"pivalate25 mg/ml suspension for injection. Itclear vial containing 4 ml. There are two formulations, Percorten-V, and Zycortal, that differ slightly in the amounts of excipients and preservatives.","hide":"","index":138,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Desoxycorticosterone Pivalate","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IM, SQ Q25 days","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2.2 mg/kg q25 days SQ or IM. Adjust dose by monitoring electrolytes. The most consistent dosage for DOCP has been 2.2 mg/kg SQ once per 25 days, but many dogs can be managed with a starting dose of 1.5 mg/kg with a target interval ranging from 28 to 30 days. Cats2.2 mg/kg SQ every 25 days (adjust dose by monitoring).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":460},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","brandName":"Anzemet","calc":"Dolasetron","calcID":"Dolasetron2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":2},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":0.6,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.6,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"50 and 100 mg tablets and 20 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":140,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported.","multiply":"","name":"Dolasetron","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO IV SQ, Q24h","small_animal_dosage":"Prevention of nausea and vomiting:0.6 mg/kg, q12-24h, IV, SQ, or PO, or 1.2 mg/kg once. Oral absorption is low and may not be sufficient to produce clinical effects. Treating vomiting and nausea:1 mg/kg once daily IV or PO. Oral absorption is low and may not be sufficient to produce clinical effects.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":461},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Aluminumhydroxide","calcID":"Aluminumhydroxide2","canine_dose":"Aluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals).","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":320,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":100,"dosemin":30,"doseper":30,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":30,"feline_dose":"Aluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals).","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"hydroxide gel64 mg/ml oral suspension and 600 mg tablet. Aluminum carbonate gelcapsules (equivalent to 500 mg aluminum hydroxide). Note:Products containing aluminum may no longer be available from many sources, and other products may be used, such as Lenziaren, which is a complex of iron oxide/hydroxide for cats.","hide":"","hideml":true,"index":142,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesAntacid:60 mg/kg q8h PO.","multiply":"","name":"Aluminum Hydroxide gel","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/5ml","route":"PO, Q24h","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). CatsAluminum hydroxide gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals). Aluminum carbonate gel:10-30 mg/kg q8h PO (with meals).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":462,"brandName":"AlternaGEL, Amphojel"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"ActivatedCharcoal","calcID":"ActivatedCharcoal2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":240,"concSelect":[{"name":"0.1g/","perml":"ml","value":0.1,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":5000,"dosemin":1000,"doseper":2000,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":2000,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","hideml":true,"index":143,"infoLink":"Charcoal with sorbitol is employed with the initial dose (only) to reduce GI transit time. Subsequent doses WITHOUT sorbitol at 1-2 g/kg PO Q4-8 hours for 24-48 hours is reccomended. The use of activated charcoal is contraindicated in patients with a compromised airway, vomiting, or at risk for aspiration.","multiply":"","name":"Activated Charcoal","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"","route":"PO, Q6-8h (See info about Sorbitol)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":463,"brandName":"ToxiBan, Actidose-Aqua"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Levothyroxine","calcID":"Levothyroxine2","canine_dose":"18-26 mcg/kg (0.018-0.026 mg/kg) per day PO (adjust dose via monitoring). The average starting dosage is 22 mcg/kg once daily PO, which is approximately 0.1 mg per 10 lb. The entire daily dosage may be administered once per 24 hours or divided into two 12-hour treatments. It may be administered with or without food, but food decreases oral absorption by as much as 50%. To minimize the day-to-day variation in serum T4 concentrations, the timing of administration and feeding should be consistent from day to day. IV therapy for acute treatment:4-5 mcg/kg IV administered once or as needed q12h.","catdose":"","category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.1mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.1,"id":1},{"name":"0.2mg/","perml":"cap","value":0.2,"id":2},{"name":"0.3mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.3,"id":3},{"name":"0.4mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.4,"id":4},{"name":"0.5mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.5,"id":5},{"name":"0.6mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.6,"id":6},{"name":"0.7mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.7,"id":7},{"name":"0.8mg/","perml":"tab","value":0.8,"id":8},{"name":"1mg/","perml":"tab","value":1,"id":9}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":0.04,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.005,"dosevalue":0.02,"feline_dose":"10-20 mcg/kg/day (0.01-0.02 mg/kg) PO (adjust dose via monitoring).","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"FDA-approved tablets for dogs in nine strengths from 0.1- to 1 mg tablets (in 0.1 mg increments). These tablets are scored and color coded for easy administration and dose recognition. There have been other non-FDA approved tablets available in other sizes for dogs, but the FDA has taken action to remove these products from the market. There is also a formulation of 1-g of thyroxine per 453.6 of oral powder (1 g/lb of the oral powder) used for horses. There are also human generic formulations. Note that levothyroxine products for animals are not bioequivalent to the human-label tablets. Human formulations:25, 50, 75, 88, 112, 125, 137, 150, 175, 200, and 300-mcg tablets. Liotrix (human form) is a combination of T4 and T3 in a ratio:Available as (T4/T3):12.5/3.1, 25/6.25, 50/12.5, 100/25, and 150/37.5-mcg tablets. Do not assume that all levothyroxine products are bioequivalent and produce the same response. When switching from one brand to another, follow-up testing is recommended to ensure the same response.","hide":"","index":144,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses10-60 mcg/kg (0.01-0.06 mg/kg) q24h or 5-30 mcg/kg (0.005-0.03 mg/kg) q12h PO. When using the oral powder for dosing in horses, 1 level teaspoon contains 12 mg of T4, and 1 tablespoon contains 36 mg of T4. This powder may be mixed in with daily ration of grain (e.g., 4 level teaspoons mixed with 30 ml water and added to oats per day). Horses with pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction:0.1 mg/kg (48 mg per horse) per day.","multiply":"","name":"Levothyroxine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs18-26 mcg/kg (0.018-0.026 mg/kg) per day PO (adjust dose via monitoring). The average starting dosage is 22 mcg/kg once daily PO, which is approximately 0.1 mg per 10 lb. The entire daily dosage may be administered once per 24 hours or divided into two 12-hour treatments. It may be administered with or without food, but food decreases oral absorption by as much as 50%. To minimize the day-to-day variation in serum T4 concentrations, the timing of administration and feeding should be consistent from day to day. IV therapy for acute treatment:4-5 mcg/kg IV administered once or as needed q12h. Cats10-20 mcg/kg/day (0.01-0.02 mg/kg) PO (adjust dose via monitoring).","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":464,"brandName":"Thyro-Tabs Canine, Soloxine, Synthroid"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Phenylpropanolamine-ER","calcID":"PhenylpropanolamineER2","canine_dose":"Immediate-release formulation:1 mg/kg q8h PO. Increase dosage to 1.5-2 mg/kg q8h PO if necessary. In some animals, it may be possible to decrease frequency to q12h or q24h PO. ER formulation:2-4 mg/kg PO once daily.","catdose":"","category":"Other Urinary","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"18mg/","perml":"tab","value":18,"id":1},{"name":"38mg/","perml":"tab","value":38,"id":2},{"name":"74mg/","perml":"tab","value":74,"id":3},{"name":"145mg/","perml":"tab","value":145,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"feline_dose":"No dosage has been determined. A dosage of 1 mg/kg q12h PO has been used (extrapolated from the canine use), and the dosage has been adjusted as needed.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"PPA25, 50, and 75 mg flavored tablets; 25 mg vanilla-flavored liquid; and 50 mg scored tablets (veterinary preparations). Human formulations of 15, 25, 30, and 50 mg tablets are no longer available. PPA ER tablets are available in tablets of 18, 38, 74, and 145 mg. Do not split or crush the tablets Human formulations have been removed from the market.","hide":"","index":146,"large_animal_dosage":"No large animal dosage is available.","multiply":"","name":"Phenylpropanolamine (ER)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"Dogs > 4.5kg PO, SID (Extended Release)","small_animal_dosage":"DogsImmediate-release formulation:1 mg/kg q8h PO. Increase dosage to 1.5-2 mg/kg q8h PO if necessary. In some animals, it may be possible to decrease frequency to q12h or q24h PO. ER formulation:2-4 mg/kg PO once daily. CatsNo dosage has been determined. A dosage of 1 mg/kg q12h PO has been used (extrapolated from the canine use), and the dosage has been adjusted as needed.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":465,"brandName":"Proin ER"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","brandName":"Albon","calc":"Albon","calcID":"Albon2","canine_dose":"","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"125mg/","perml":"tab","value":125,"id":1},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":2},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":3},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dosemax":55,"dosemin":27.5,"doseper":27.5,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":27.5,"feline_dose":"","formulations":"125, 250, and 500 mg tablets; 400 mg/ml injection; and 50 mg/ml suspension.","hide":"","index":147,"large_animal_dosage":"CattleTreatment of pneumonia and other infections:55 mg/kg as the initial dose followed by 27 mg/kg q24h PO for 5 days. Sustained-release bolus (Albon-SR):137.5 mg/kg PO as a single dose.","multiply":"","name":"Sulfadimethoxine","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID 55mg/kg Day 1,then 27.5mg/kg PO SID","small_animal_dosage":"55 mg/kg PO (loading dose) followed by 27.5 mg/kg q12h PO. (For doses of combination with ormetoprim, see Primor.)","value":466,"species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Adequan","calcID":"Adequan2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Supplement","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"250mg/","perml":"ml","value":250,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":4.6,"dosemin":4.4,"doseper":4.4,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4.4,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","hideml":"","index":150,"multiply":"","name":"Adequan (PSGAG)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"","route":"IM,SQ 2X/week for up to 4 weeks","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":467,"brandName":"Polysulfated glycosaminoglycan"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Oxytetracycline","calcID":"Oxytetracycline2","canine_dose":"","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"250mg/","perml":"tab","value":250,"id":1},{"name":"500mg/","perml":"tab","value":500,"id":2},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":4},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dosemax":25,"dosemin":10,"doseper":20,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":20,"feline_dose":"","formulations":"250 mg tablets; 500 mg bolus; 100 and 200 mg/ml injection; and 25, 166, and 450-g/lb of powder. Feed and water additive:Oxytetracycline hydrochloride soluble powder is available to be added to drinking water for poultry, cattle, and pigs in a variety of forms. Oxytetracycline is also available as a medicated feed for cattle, poultry, fish, and pigs. Long-acting formulations are available in a 200 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","index":152,"large_animal_dosage":"HorsesTreatment of ehrlichiosis (Potomac fever caused by N. risticii) and other infections:10 mg/kg q24h IM or IV (slowly). (IM injections can cause pain and reactions at injection site.) Treatment of equine piroplasmosis:5-6 mg/kg once daily IV for 7 days.FoalsTreatment of flexural limb deformities:44 mg/kg, up to 70 mg/kg (2-3 g per foal), two doses 24 hours apart, injected slowly IV. Calves11 mg/kg/day PO. Treatment of pneumonia:11 mg/kg q12h PO. CattleInjection for treatment of anaplasmosis, enteritis, pneumonia, and other infections:11 mg/kg q12h IV. Long-acting formulations:20 mg/kg IM as a single dose. Pigs6.6-11 mg/kg, up to 10-20 mg/kg, q24h IM or 20 mg/kg q48h IM.","multiply":"","name":"Oxytetracycline","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO,IV BID-TID","small_animal_dosage":"7.5-10 mg/kg q12h IV or 20 mg/kg q12h PO.","value":468,"brandName":"Liquamycin LA-200, Terramycin","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Amitriptyline","calcID":"Amitriptyline2","canine_dose":"1-2 mg/kg q12-24h PO.","catdose":0.5,"category":"Behavior","catmax":"1","catmin":"0.5","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> 0.5-1mg/kg SID</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10mg/","perml":"tab","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"25mg/","perml":"tab","value":25,"id":2},{"name":"50mg/","perml":"tab","value":50,"id":3},{"name":"75mg/","perml":"tab","value":75,"id":4},{"name":"100mg/","perml":"tab","value":100,"id":5},{"name":"150mg/","perml":"tab","value":150,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":1,"dogmax":"2.2","dogmin":"1","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 1-2.2mg/kg BID</span>","dosemax":2.2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"2-4 mg per cat/day PO (0.5-1.0 mg/kg PO per day). The dose for cats may be divided into 12-hour intervals. Idiopathic cystitis:2 mg/kg/day PO or a range of 2.5-7.5 mg/cat/day. (This indication is controversial.)","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"10, 25, 50, 75, 100, and 150 mg tablets. The injectable formulation is no longer marketed in the United States.","hide":"","index":158,"infoLink":"Feline Dose is often 2.5-12.5 mg/cat (NOT mg/kg) PO once daily at night","large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Amitriptyline","outputtext":"Amitriptylinetext","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV Once, SQ","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs1-2 mg/kg q12-24h PO. Cats2-4 mg per cat/day PO (0.5-1.0 mg/kg PO per day). The dose for cats may be divided into 12-hour intervals. Idiopathic cystitis:2 mg/kg/day PO or a range of 2.5-7.5 mg/cat/day. (This indication is controversial.)","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"value":469,"brandName":"Elavil"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Ropivacaine","calcID":"Ropivacaine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":1.5,"category":"Anesthetic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.2% - 2mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"0.5% - 5mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":2},{"name":"0.75% - 7.5mg/","perml":"ml","value":7.5,"id":3},{"name":"1% - 10mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":2,"dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":159,"infoLink":"","multiply":"","name":"Ropivacaine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"Local block","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":470,"brandName":"Naropin"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Baycox","calc":"Toltrazuril","calcID":"Toltrazuril2","canine_dose":"Puppies, treatment of intestinal protozoa:10-30 mg/kg q24h PO for 3 days.","catdose":"","category":"Antiparasitic","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i> </span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":50,"concSelect":[{"name":"50mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"20","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":10,"doseper":20,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":20,"feline_dose":"Treatment of toxoplasmosis:5-10 mg/kg q24h PO for 2 days. Coccidia in kittens:30 mg/kg once or 15 mg/kg once daily for 3 days; then repeated again 10 days later. DogsPuppies, treatment of intestinal protozoa:10-30 mg/kg q24h PO for 3 days.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"is not currently available in commercial formulations in the United States for horses. Itsuspension for poultry and livestock in other countries. It has been imported to the United States after permission from the FDA.","hide":"","index":163,"infoLink":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesEPM caused by S. neurona:5-10 mg/kg (7.5 mg/kg for most horses) q24h PO for a minimum of 30 days.","multiply":"","name":"Toltrazuril","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID 1-6 days","small_animal_dosage":"CatsTreatment of toxoplasmosis:5-10 mg/kg q24h PO for 2 days. Coccidia in kittens:30 mg/kg once or 15 mg/kg once daily for 3 days; then repeated again 10 days later. DogsPuppies, treatment of intestinal protozoa:10-30 mg/kg q24h PO for 3 days.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":471},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Cardalis","calcID":"Cardalis2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Cardiovascular","cattext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"20mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":1},{"name":"40mg/","perml":"tab","value":40,"id":2},{"name":"80mg/","perml":"tab","value":80,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='hidden-print' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":2,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":2,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":165,"infoLink":"CARDALIS for dogs contains Spironolactone and Benazepril, in a fixed ratio of 8:1 respectively. It is supplied in three sizes:20 mg spironolactone and 2.5 mg benazepril, 40 mg spironolactone and 5 mg benazepril, and 80 mg spironolactone and 10 mg benazepril.","multiply":"","name":"Cardalis (Spironolactone-Benazepril)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"tab","route":"<i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> PO SID. Consult Drug Insert","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":472,"brandName":"Spironolactone-Benazepril"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","brandName":"Zimeta","calc":"Dipyrone","calcID":"Dipyrone2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"NSAID","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":500,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":30,"dosemin":20,"doseper":25,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":25,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"the United States as a 500 mg/ml IV injection (Zimeta). There has been a 50% injection available in Canada (500 mg/ml). Some compounding pharmacies have prepared it for horses, but these are not recommended because of the availability of an FDA-approved form. It may be available in other countries as metamizole.","hide":"","index":169,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses, antipyrexia use:30 mg/kg IV, twice-daily (every 12 hours), for up to 3 days.","multiply":"","name":"Dipyrone","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs:50 mg/kg IV, IM, SQ q12h. Cats:safe doses are not established","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":473},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Betahistine","calcID":"Betahistine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"8mg/","perml":"tab","value":8,"id":1},{"name":"16mg/","perml":"tab","value":16,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":171,"multiply":"","name":"Betahistine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO, BID","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":474,"brandName":"Serc"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Rocephin","calc":"Ceftriaxone","calcID":"Ceftriaxone2","canine_dose":"","category":"Antibiotic","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"100mg/","perml":"ml","value":100,"id":1},{"name":"200mg/","perml":"ml","value":200,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dosemax":50,"dosemin":20,"doseper":25,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":25,"feline_dose":"","group":"","hide":"","index":176,"multiply":"","name":"Ceftriaxone","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,SQ (Painful if IM), SID to BID","value":476,"species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Heparin","calcID":"Heparin2","canine_dose":"Low-dose prophylaxis:70-100 units/kg q8h SQ. Treatment of ongoing coagulopathy:100-200 units/kg IV or SQ loading dose; then 150-300 units/kg q6h SQ. Adjust dose via monitoring of anti-Xa response and increase to 500-600 units/kg if necessary. In more severe cases, start with 500 units/kg SQ as the initial dose and then administer 500 units/kg q12h. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Loading dose of 100 units/kg IV followed by CRI 20-30 units/kg/h. (Total dose of 480-720 units per 24 hours.)","category":"Other","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"1000 U/","perml":"ml","value":1000,"id":1},{"name":"5000 U/","perml":"ml","value":5000,"id":2},{"name":"10000 U/","perml":"ml","value":10000,"id":3},{"name":"20000 U/","perml":"ml","value":20000,"id":4}],"decimal":2,"dosemax":300,"dosemin":150,"doseper":200,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":200,"feline_dose":"Low-dose prophylaxis:70-100 units/kg q8h SQ. 250 units/kg SQ q6h. The dose can be gradually increased up to 500 units/kg if necessary.","formulations":"sodium1000 and 10,000-units/ml injection.","group":"","hide":"","index":178,"large_animal_dosage":"125 units/kg SQ or IM q8-12h. (Lower dosages of 80 units/kg SQ q12h also have been used in horses.)","multiply":"","name":"Heparin","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"SQ Q6-8 hours","small_animal_dosage":"DogsLow-dose prophylaxis:70-100 units/kg q8h SQ. Treatment of ongoing coagulopathy:100-200 units/kg IV or SQ loading dose; then 150-300 units/kg q6h SQ. Adjust dose via monitoring of anti-Xa response and increase to 500-600 units/kg if necessary. In more severe cases, start with 500 units/kg SQ as the initial dose and then administer 500 units/kg q12h. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Loading dose of 100 units/kg IV followed by CRI 20-30 units/kg/h. (Total dose of 480-720 units per 24 hours.) CatsLow-dose prophylaxis:70-100 units/kg q8h SQ. 250 units/kg SQ q6h. The dose can be gradually increased up to 500 units/kg if necessary.","value":477,"brandName":"Hep-Lock, Panheparin","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Humulin","calc":"NPH","calcID":"NPH2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Endocrine","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":"","dosevalue":0.25,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","hideml":true,"index":179,"indication":"","multiply":"","name":"NPH Insulin","outputtext":"","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"SQ, Q12h","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":478},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Lente","calcID":"Lente2","canine_dose":"","catdose":0.2,"category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.2-0.5 Units/kg SQ SID</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":40,"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.25,"dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 0.5-1.0 Units/kg SQ SID</span>","dosage":"","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":"","dosevalue":0.25,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","hideml":"","index":181,"indication":"","multiply":"","name":"Vetsulin Insulin","outputtext":"LenteText","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"SQ, SID","species":"All","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":true,"tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":480,"brandName":"Caninsulin"},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Lantus","calc":"Lantus","calcID":"Lantus2","canine_dose":"","catdose":0.25,"category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.25-0.5 Units/kg SQ BID</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.25,"dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 0.25-0.5 Units/kg SQ BID</span>","dosage":"","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":0.25,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":"","dosevalue":0.25,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","hideml":true,"index":182,"indication":"","multiply":"","name":"Glargine Insulin","outputtext":"LantusText","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"SQ, SID","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":481},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Levemir","calc":"Detemir","calcID":"Detemir2","canine_dose":"","catdose":0.25,"category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.25-0.5 Units/kg SQ BID</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.1,"dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 0.05-0.3 Units/kg SQ BID</span>","dosage":"","dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":"","dosevalue":0.1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","hideml":true,"index":183,"indication":"","multiply":"","name":"Detemir Insulin","outputtext":"DetemirText","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"SQ, SID","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":482},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Crystalline Zinc","calc":"Regular","calcID":"Regular2","canine_dose":"","catdose":0.1,"category":"Endocrine","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.1-0.2 Units/kg IM q 1-2hrs</span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":100,"decimal":2,"dogdose":0.1,"dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> 0.1-0.1 Units/kg IM q 1-2hr</span</span>","dosage":"","dosemax":0.2,"dosemin":0.05,"doseper":0.1,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":"","dosevalue":0.1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"hide":"","hideml":true,"index":184,"indication":"","infoLink":"Repeat 0.1 Units/kg IM every 1-2 hours. Initial doses may be reduced by 25% - 50% if hypokalemia is noted.","multiply":"","name":"Regular Insulin","outputtext":"","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"SQ","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":true,"tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":483},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","bsa":"","calc":"Codeine","calcID":"Codeine2","canine_dose":"Analgesia:0.5-1 mg/kg q4-6h PO. Antitussive:0.1-0.3 mg/kg q4-6h PO.","catdose":"","category":"Analgesic Narcotic","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"15mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":1},{"name":"30mg/","perml":"tab","value":30,"id":2},{"name":"60mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":3}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span>","dosemax":2,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"Analgesia:0.5 mg/kg q6h PO. Increase dose as needed to control pain. Antitussive:0.1 mg/kg q6h PO.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"15, 30, and 60 mg tablets; 5 mg/ml syrup; and 3 mg/ml oral solution. It is also available in formulations with acetaminophen. Note that many of the syrups have other ingredients that may not be appropriate for pets.","hide":"","index":185,"large_animal_dosage":"No dose has been reported for large animals.","multiply":"","name":"Codeine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg","route":"PO Q4-6hrs <span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i> </span> <span class='fa-stack' ><i class='far fa-ban fa-stack-2x' style='color:tomato;'></i><i class='fas fa-cat fa-stack-1x'></i></span>","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnalgesia:0.5-1 mg/kg q4-6h PO. Antitussive:0.1-0.3 mg/kg q4-6h PO. CatsAnalgesia:0.5 mg/kg q6h PO. Increase dose as needed to control pain. Antitussive:0.1 mg/kg q6h PO.","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":484,"brandName":"Codeine Contin, Tylenol with Codeine"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":true,"calc":"Zenalpha","calcID":"Zenalpha","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Sedative","cattext":"","class":"","color":"green","concentration":0.5,"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":1,"dosemin":"","doseper":1,"dosestep":"","dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"","hide":"","index":194,"multiply":"","name":"Zenalpha®","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/m2","dose_basis":"mg_per_m2","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IM <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>","species":"","species_restriction":"none","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":486,"brandName":"Medetomidine-vatinoxan"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Nalbuphine","calcID":"Nalbuphine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":2}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i> </span>","dosage":"","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.2,"doseper":0.3,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.3,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":196,"indication":"","name":"Nalbuphine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV,IM,SQ","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":487,"brandName":"Nubain"},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Epoetin","calcID":"Epoetin2","canine_dose":"35 or 50 units/kg three times a week, up to 400 units/kg/wk SQ (adjust dose to maintain hematocrit of 30%-34%).","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"","name":"2000 U/","perml":"ml","value":2000,"id":1},{"name":"3000 U/","perml":"ml","value":3000,"id":2},{"name":"4000 U/","perml":"ml","value":4000,"id":3},{"name":"10,000 U/","perml":"ml","selected":"","value":10000,"id":4},{"name":"20,000 U/","perml":"ml","value":20000,"id":5},{"name":"40,000 U/","perml":"ml","value":40000,"id":6}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i> </span>","dosage":100,"dosemax":100,"dosemin":50,"doseper":100,"dosestep":10,"dosevalue":100,"feline_dose":"Start with 100 units/kg SQ three times weekly; reduce to twice weekly and then to once weekly when target hematocrit of 30%-40% is attained. In most cats, maintenance dosage is 75-100 units/kg SQ twice weekly.","hasfelineDose":"","formulations":"","hide":"","index":197,"indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are reported.","name":"Epoetin Alfa","outputtext":"","perkg":"U/kg","perml":"U/ml","route":"SQ, SID 3x/week","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs35 or 50 units/kg three times a week, up to 400 units/kg/wk SQ (adjust dose to maintain hematocrit of 30%-34%). CatsStart with 100 units/kg SQ three times weekly; reduce to twice weekly and then to once weekly when target hematocrit of 30%-40% is attained. In most cats, maintenance dosage is 75-100 units/kg SQ twice weekly.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":488,"brandName":"Epogen, Procrit"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Fuzapladib","calcID":"Fuzapladib2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Gastrointestinal","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":4,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":0.4,"dosemax":"","dosemin":10,"doseper":0.4,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.4,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"","hide":"","index":198,"multiply":"","name":"Fuzapladib","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IV (slow) SID x 3 days, *DOGS ONLY*","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":489,"brandName":"Panoquell-CA1"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Tolfedine","calc":"Tolfedine","calcID":"Tolfedine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Anti-inflammatory","cattext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat hidden-print'></i></span>","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"selected":"selected","name":"40 mg/","perml":"ml","value":40,"id":1},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"ml","value":20,"id":2},{"name":"6 mg/","perml":"tab","value":6,"id":3},{"name":"20 mg/","perml":"tab","value":20,"id":4},{"name":"60 mg/","perml":"tab","value":60,"id":5}],"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"<span class='inline hidden-print'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i> </span>","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":4,"doseper":4,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":4,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","hide":"","index":199,"indication":"","infoLink":"Use injection for the first dose only and continue with oral form. For chronic use, 3 days on followed by 4 days off medication each week.","name":"Tolfenamic Acid","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"IM,SQ first dose then PO SID x 3-4 days","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","value":490},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"Drops","bsa":"","brandName":"Clevor","calc":"Ropinirole","calcID":"Ropinirole2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"ropinirole","formulations":"","hide":"","index":200,"large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":"","name":"Ropinirole","outputtext":"","perkg":"","perml":"mg/ml","route":"Topical,Ophthalmic *DOGS ONLY* <i class='resultDose fas fa-dog hidden-print'></i>","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":491},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"Vials","bsa":"","brandName":"Bedinvetmab","calc":"Librela","calcID":"Librela2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"Librela","hide":true,"index":203,"multiply":"","name":"Librela","outputtext":"","perkg":"","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SQ","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_only","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":493},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"AlfaxaloneL","calcID":"Alfaxalone2L","canine_dose":"Induction:1.5-4.5 mg/kg IV if dogs did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. 0.2-3.5 mg/kg for dogs that received a pre-anesthetic. Always titrate the dose according to the patient response. Generally, the dose is 1-1.2 mg/kg (up to 2 mg/kg) for each 10 minutes of anesthesia. Deliver dose IV over 60 seconds. CRI:6-10 mg/kg/h IV (suitable to use with other anesthetic agents).","class":"loading","concentration":10,"cridose":[{"dosemax":9,"dosemin":4,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":4,"name":"Alfaxalone CRI","range":"4-9 mg/kg/hr"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.05,"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Alfaxalone","feline_dose":"2.2-10 mg/kg (average dose is 4 mg/kg) IV if the cat did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. If the cat received a pre-anesthetic sedative, the dose is 1-4 mg/kg IV or IM. Always consider the lower dose first and titrate the dose according to the patient’s response. Generally, the dosage is 1-1.3 mg/kg IV (up to 5 mg/kg) delivered over 60 seconds followed by sequential doses of 2 mg/kg as needed. Sedation protocols for cats:Inject IM or IV at a dose of 2-3 mg/kg for mild sedation. It may be combined with other sedative agents in the same syringe (e.g., butorphanol at 0.2 mg/kg). CRI:Loading dose of 1.7 mg/kg IV followed by CRI of 7-10 mg/kg/h IV.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"without preservatives10 mg/ml injectable formulation, 10-ml vial, with a shelf-life of 6 hours after initial puncture of the stopper. Alfaxalone with preservativesclear aqueous solution with 2-hydroxpropyl-beta-cyclodextrin. It has a pH of 6.5-7. The preservatives are ethanol, benzethonium chloride, and chlorocresol. It10 and 20-ml vials with a shelf-life of 28 days.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are available.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":9.7,"dosemin":1.5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2,"name":"Alfaxalone Loading","range":"1.5-9.7 mg/kg IV to Effect over 1min,IM"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Alfaxalone CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"","route":"IV CRI","small_animal_dosage":"DogsInduction:1.5-4.5 mg/kg IV if dogs did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. 0.2-3.5 mg/kg for dogs that received a pre-anesthetic. Always titrate the dose according to the patient response. Generally, the dose is 1-1.2 mg/kg (up to 2 mg/kg) for each 10 minutes of anesthesia. Deliver dose IV over 60 seconds. CRI:6-10 mg/kg/h IV (suitable to use with other anesthetic agents). Cats2.2-10 mg/kg (average dose is 4 mg/kg) IV if the cat did not receive a pre-anesthetic sedative. If the cat received a pre-anesthetic sedative, the dose is 1-4 mg/kg IV or IM. Always consider the lower dose first and titrate the dose according to the patient’s response. Generally, the dosage is 1-1.3 mg/kg IV (up to 5 mg/kg) delivered over 60 seconds followed by sequential doses of 2 mg/kg as needed. Sedation protocols for cats:Inject IM or IV at a dose of 2-3 mg/kg for mild sedation. It may be combined with other sedative agents in the same syringe (e.g., butorphanol at 0.2 mg/kg). CRI:Loading dose of 1.7 mg/kg IV followed by CRI of 7-10 mg/kg/h IV.","species":"All","value":495,"brandName":"Alfaxan, Alfaxan Multidose","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"BuprenorphineL","calcID":"Buprenorphine2L","canine_dose":"Conventional formulation (0.3 mg/ml):0.006-0.02 mg/kg q4-8h IV, IM, or SQ. For analgesia, higher doses are used in the range of 0.03-0.04 mg/kg, IV, IM, or SQ (30-40 mcg/kg). Concentrated solution (1.8 mg/ml):20 mcg/kg, IM or SQ, administered for relief of surgical pain. Constant rate infusion (CRI):20 mcg/kg IV followed by 5 mcg/kg/h infusion. Epidural:0.003-0.006 mg/kg (3-6 mcg/kg). Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","class":"loading","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.3 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.3,"id":1},{"name":"0.6 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.6,"id":2}],"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.008,"dosemin":0.002,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.003,"name":"Buprenorphine CRI","range":"0.00245-0.0075 mg/kg/hr"}],"decimal":3,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Buprenorphine","feline_dose":"For analgesia, a dose of 0.01-0.02 mg/kg (10-20 mcg/kg) IV or 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IM. Duration is 4-6 hours typically. Additional doses of 0.02 mg/kg may be administered. For sedation, often with other sedative agents, the dose of 0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM is used. It is not as effective for sedation as other combinations of agents. CRI:20 mcg/kg IV followed by 12 mcg/kg/h infusion. Subcutaneous administration:The concentrated formulation (Simbadol) can be administered SQ once daily for up to 3 days at a dose of 0.24 mg/kg (240 mcg/kg). This formulation may be administered prior to surgery. Buccal (transmucosal) administration:0.02-0.04 mg/kg (20-40 mcg/kg) q8h. 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) is equivalent to 0.066 ml/kg. This may be applied to the cat’s gingival or oral mucosa (i.e., sublingual). Epidural:12.5 mcg/kg diluted with saline to a volume of 0.3 ml/kg. Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","fluids":"cri","formulations":"0.3 mg/ml injection solution in a 1-ml vial. Simbadol is a veterinary formulation concentrated in 1.8 mg/ml for use in cats but has also been used in dogs. Tablets:2- or 8 mg sublingual tablets (Subutex and Suboxone with naloxone), which has been used in people to treat substance abuse. Suboxone (with naloxone) is also available in a transmucosal/sublingual film. Butrans is a 7-day transdermal system (Butrans) that delivers 5, 10, and 20-mcg/h to human patients. Buprenorphine SR n unapproved injectable sustained-release polymer that is designed for 72-hour delivery in a 10-or 3 mg/ml formulation. Buprenorphine buccal film (Belbuca):available in sizes of 75, 150, 300, 450, 600, 750, and 900-mcg buccal film. These have not been evaluated in animals. In people, they are applied q12-24h for pain relief at a maximum dose of 13 mcg/kg. Buprenorphine 3 mg/ml oral gel (buccal solution):This formulation has been compounded into a transdermal gel for cats. The formulation that has been tested for stability and potency is as follows:buprenorphine hydrochloride 30 mg, dextrose 500 mg, sodium citrate 20 mg, citric acid monohydrate 25 mg, purified water in a sufficient quantity to make a total of 10 ml. These ingredients are all combined together and mixed well. The pH of the formulation is 3.5-4.2. This product is stable for 90 days after preparation when stored in the refrigerator or room temperature in an amber glass dropper bottle.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.005-0.01 mg/kg (5-10 mcg/kg IM); short acting in horses. Sheep0.01 mg/kg (10 mcg/kg) IM q6h.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.03,"dosemin":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.01,"name":"Buprenorphine Loading","range":"0.01 - 0.02 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Buprenorphine CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg","route":"IV,IM,SQ","small_animal_dosage":"DogsConventional formulation (0.3 mg/ml):0.006-0.02 mg/kg q4-8h IV, IM, or SQ. For analgesia, higher doses are used in the range of 0.03-0.04 mg/kg, IV, IM, or SQ (30-40 mcg/kg). Concentrated solution (1.8 mg/ml):20 mcg/kg, IM or SQ, administered for relief of surgical pain. Constant rate infusion (CRI):20 mcg/kg IV followed by 5 mcg/kg/h infusion. Epidural:0.003-0.006 mg/kg (3-6 mcg/kg). Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours). CatsFor analgesia, a dose of 0.01-0.02 mg/kg (10-20 mcg/kg) IV or 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) IM. Duration is 4-6 hours typically. Additional doses of 0.02 mg/kg may be administered. For sedation, often with other sedative agents, the dose of 0.02-0.04 mg/kg IV or IM is used. It is not as effective for sedation as other combinations of agents. CRI:20 mcg/kg IV followed by 12 mcg/kg/h infusion. Subcutaneous administration:The concentrated formulation (Simbadol) can be administered SQ once daily for up to 3 days at a dose of 0.24 mg/kg (240 mcg/kg). This formulation may be administered prior to surgery. Buccal (transmucosal) administration:0.02-0.04 mg/kg (20-40 mcg/kg) q8h. 0.02 mg/kg (20 mcg/kg) is equivalent to 0.066 ml/kg. This may be applied to the cat’s gingival or oral mucosa (i.e., sublingual). Epidural:12.5 mcg/kg diluted with saline to a volume of 0.3 ml/kg. Buprenorphine SR:120-270 mcg/kg (0.12-0.27 mg/kg) SQ (duration of 72 hours).","species":"All","value":496,"brandName":"Buprenex, Simbadol","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"ButorphanolL","calcID":"Butorphanol2L","canine_dose":"Antitussive:0.055 mg/kg q6-12h SQ, 0.011 mg/kg IM, or 0.5-1 mg/kg q6-12h PO. Pre-anesthetic or sedative use:0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ. May be used with other sedatives such as acepromazine. Analgesic:0.2-0.4 mg/kg q2-4h IV, IM, or SQ or 1-4 mg/kg q6h PO. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h.","class":"loading","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2}],"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.1,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.1,"name":"Butorphanol CRI","range":"0.1-0.4 mg/kg/hr"}],"decimal":2,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Butorphanol","feline_dose":"Analgesic:0.2-0.8 mg/kg q2-6h IV or SQ or 1.5 mg/kg q4-8h PO. Sedation:0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV or IM. Often administered with other sedative agents. When combined with other agents for short-term use, use the lower dose of 0.2 mg/kg. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"1, 5, and 10 mg tablets and 0.5 and 1 mg/ml injection. Torbugesic10 mg/ml injection; Butorphine for cats2 mg/ml injection.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesPain:0.2-0.4 mg/kg q3-4h IV. In some instances, lower doses of 0.02-0.1 mg/kg IV or 0.04-0.2 mg/kg IM have been used. Low doses of 0.1 mg/kg IV have been used to minimize the decrease in intestinal motility. Sedation:0.01-0.06 mg/kg IV. CRI:13-24 mcg/kg/h (0.013-0.024 mg/kg) IV.Ruminants0.05-0.2 mg/kg IV. CattleIn combination with xylazine, 0.01-0.02 mg/kg IV.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.05,"dosemin":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.01,"name":"Butorphanol Loading","range":"0.01-0.05 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Butorphanol CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV IM","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAntitussive:0.055 mg/kg q6-12h SQ, 0.011 mg/kg IM, or 0.5-1 mg/kg q6-12h PO. Pre-anesthetic or sedative use:0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ. May be used with other sedatives such as acepromazine. Analgesic:0.2-0.4 mg/kg q2-4h IV, IM, or SQ or 1-4 mg/kg q6h PO. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h. CatsAnalgesic:0.2-0.8 mg/kg q2-6h IV or SQ or 1.5 mg/kg q4-8h PO. Sedation:0.2-0.5 mg/kg IV or IM. Often administered with other sedative agents. When combined with other agents for short-term use, use the lower dose of 0.2 mg/kg. CRI:Loading dose of 0.2-0.4 mg/kg IV, followed by 0.1-0.2 mg/kg/h.","species":"All","value":497,"brandName":"Torbugesic, Torbutrol, Stadol, Dolorex","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"DexmedetomidineL","calcID":"Dexmedetomidine2L","canine_dose":"125 mcg/m2 IM for preanesthetic, minor sedation, short-term procedures, and analgesia (range, 9 mcg/kg for small dogs to 3 mcg/kg for large dogs). 375 mcg/m2 IV or 500 mcg/m2 IM for deeper sedation, analgesia, and minor surgical procedures. For comparison, a dose of 375 mcg/m2 is equivalent to 176 mcg/kg for a 10-kg dog and to 36.75 mcg/kg for a 30-kg dog. When calculating doses, the lower doses are used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other analgesic or anesthetic agents. Combination anesthetics:Ketamine (3 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (15 mcg/kg), and buprenorphine (40 mcg/kg) can be combined for one single IM injection in dogs for short-term surgical procedure or intubation for surgery. Oromucosal gel:125 mg/m2 applied to the gingiva between the cheek and gum. If swallowed, it will not be effective.","class":"loading","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"0.5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.5,"id":1},{"name":"0.1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":0.1,"id":2}],"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.002,"dosemin":0.0005,"dosestep":0.001,"dosevalue":0.001,"name":"Dexmedetomidine CRI","range":"0.0005-0.002 mg/kg/hr"}],"decimal":2,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Dexmedetomidine","feline_dose":"IM dose:40 mcg/kg (0.04 mg/kg) IM (0.35 ml for 4-kg cat). Lower doses (e.g., 10-25 mcg/kg) have been used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other agents. Injectable solution applied to the oral mucosa:20-40 µg/kg sprayed into the cat’s mouth for sedation. (It can be mixed with buprenorphine.) IV dose:5-20 mcg/kg, with degree of sedation increasing with the dose. (This may be used with other agents, such as ketamine 5 mg/kg.) Oral mucosal gel (Sileo):5 mcg/kg applied to the gingiva of cats between cheek and gum (0.25 ml, or “one dot” from the dosing syringe per cat). Combinations:Dexmedetomidine can be combined with other agents and administered for short-term procedures. In these protocols, the dose of dexmedetomidine generally ranges from 10 to 20 mcg/kg administered IM with other agents. Examples include 3-5 mg/kg ketamine + 20 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg + 10 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, or alfaxalone 2 mg/kg + dexmedetomidine 20 mcg/kg) in one syringe and administered IM 10 minutes prior to a minor procedure. Other combinations have included dexmedetomidine (10 mcg/kg), ketamine (5 mg/kg), and butorphanol (0.2-0.4 mg/kg), or buprenorphine (0.03 mg/kg) injected IM to produce lateral recumbency. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Administer initial dose of 3-10 mcg/kg IM followed by 1 mcg/kg/h CRI. Reversal:atipamezole 0.2 mg/kg IM. Induction of vomiting:10 mcg/kg, IM. Lower doses IV also are effective.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"vials containing 0.5 mg/ml injection, and a lower concentration of 0.1 mg/ml in sterile vials. Human formulation is Precedex. Dexmedetomidine oromucosal gel (Sileo) contains 0.9 mg/ml dexmedetomidine supplied in a 3-ml syringe with a marked plunger to allow for administration of an accurate dose.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesSurgery:5 mcg/kg IV bolus. CRI:8 mcg/kg/h IV. Perioperative analgesia:1.75-2 mcg/kg/h IV.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.002,"dosemin":0.001,"dosestep":0.001,"dosevalue":0.001,"name":"Dexmedetomidine Loading","range":"0.001-0.002 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Dexmedetomidine CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV IM","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs125 mcg/m2 IM for preanesthetic, minor sedation, short-term procedures, and analgesia (range, 9 mcg/kg for small dogs to 3 mcg/kg for large dogs). 375 mcg/m2 IV or 500 mcg/m2 IM for deeper sedation, analgesia, and minor surgical procedures. For comparison, a dose of 375 mcg/m2 is equivalent to 176 mcg/kg for a 10-kg dog and to 36.75 mcg/kg for a 30-kg dog. When calculating doses, the lower doses are used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other analgesic or anesthetic agents. Combination anesthetics:Ketamine (3 mg/kg), dexmedetomidine (15 mcg/kg), and buprenorphine (40 mcg/kg) can be combined for one single IM injection in dogs for short-term surgical procedure or intubation for surgery. Oromucosal gel:125 mg/m2 applied to the gingiva between the cheek and gum. If swallowed, it will not be effective. CatsIM dose:40 mcg/kg (0.04 mg/kg) IM (0.35 ml for 4-kg cat). Lower doses (e.g., 10-25 mcg/kg) have been used for short-term sedation and analgesia or when combined with other agents. Injectable solution applied to the oral mucosa:20-40 µg/kg sprayed into the cat’s mouth for sedation. (It can be mixed with buprenorphine.) IV dose:5-20 mcg/kg, with degree of sedation increasing with the dose. (This may be used with other agents, such as ketamine 5 mg/kg.) Oral mucosal gel (Sileo):5 mcg/kg applied to the gingiva of cats between cheek and gum (0.25 ml, or “one dot” from the dosing syringe per cat). Combinations:Dexmedetomidine can be combined with other agents and administered for short-term procedures. In these protocols, the dose of dexmedetomidine generally ranges from 10 to 20 mcg/kg administered IM with other agents. Examples include 3-5 mg/kg ketamine + 20 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, butorphanol 0.2 mg/kg + 10 mcg/kg dexmedetomidine, or alfaxalone 2 mg/kg + dexmedetomidine 20 mcg/kg) in one syringe and administered IM 10 minutes prior to a minor procedure. Other combinations have included dexmedetomidine (10 mcg/kg), ketamine (5 mg/kg), and butorphanol (0.2-0.4 mg/kg), or buprenorphine (0.03 mg/kg) injected IM to produce lateral recumbency. Constant-rate infusion (CRI):Administer initial dose of 3-10 mcg/kg IM followed by 1 mcg/kg/h CRI. Reversal:atipamezole 0.2 mg/kg IM. Induction of vomiting:10 mcg/kg, IM. Lower doses IV also are effective.","species":"All","value":498,"brandName":"Dexdomitor, Sileo","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"DobutamineL","calcID":"Dobutamine2L","canine_dose":"5-20 mcg/kg/min IV infusion. Generally start with low dose and titrate upward.","class":"loading","concentration":12.5,"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.6,"dosemin":0.06,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.12,"name":"Dobutamine CRI","range":"0.06-0.6 mg/kg/hr"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.12,"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Dobutamine","feline_dose":"2 mcg/kg/min IV infusion.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"250 mg/20-ml (12.5 mg/ml) vial for injection.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesDuring anesthesia to support cardiovascular function:0.5 mcg/kg/min CRI. Higher doses of 5-10 mcg/kg/min (0.005-0.01 mg/kg/min CRI are used for heart failure. 5-10 mcg/kg/min (0.005-0.01 mg/kg/min) IV infusion. Observe for increases in heart rate and ventricular arrhythmias. Adjust dose as needed based on patient response and heart rate.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"name":"Dobutamine Loading","range":"0.2-0.4 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Dobutamine CRI","noLoadingDose":true,"perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs5-20 mcg/kg/min IV infusion. Generally start with low dose and titrate upward. Cats2 mcg/kg/min IV infusion.","species":"All","value":499,"brandName":"Dobutrex","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"DopamineL","calcID":"Dopamine2L","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":40,"concSelect":[{"name":"40 mg/","perml":"ml","value":40,"id":1},{"name":"80 mg/","perml":"ml","value":80,"id":2},{"name":"160 mg/","perml":"ml","value":160,"id":3}],"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.6,"dosemin":0.12,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.4,"name":"Dopamine CRI","range":"0.12-0.6 mg/kg/hr"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.05,"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Dopamine","feline_dose":"","fluids":"cri","formulations":"40, 80, and 160 mg/ml for IV injection.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses andCattle1-5 mcg/kg/min IV infusion.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"name":"Dopamine Loading","range":"0.2-0.4 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Dopamine CRI","noLoadingDose":true,"perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV IM","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"2-10 mcg/kg/min IV infusion. Dose rate is dependent on desired effects.","species":"All","value":500,"brandName":"Intropin","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"FentanylL","calcID":"Fentanyl2L","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":0.05,"cridose":[{"name":"Fentanyl CRI (awake)","hasfelineDose":true,"dogmin":0.005,"dogmax":0.01,"dogdose":0.005,"catmin":0.002,"catmax":0.005,"catdose":0.002,"dosemin":0.002,"dosemax":0.01,"dosestep":0.0001,"dosevalue":0.005,"range":"0.002-0.010 mg/kg/hr (2-10 mcg/kg/hr)"}],"cridose_awake":[{"name":"Fentanyl CRI (awake)","hasfelineDose":true,"dogmin":0.005,"dogmax":0.01,"dogdose":0.005,"catmin":0.002,"catmax":0.005,"catdose":0.002,"dosemin":0.002,"dosemax":0.01,"dosestep":0.0001,"dosevalue":0.005,"range":"0.002-0.010 mg/kg/hr (2-10 mcg/kg/hr)"}],"cridose_anesthetized":[{"name":"Fentanyl CRI (anesthetized)","hasfelineDose":true,"dogmin":0.005,"dogmax":0.04,"dogdose":0.01,"catmin":0.003,"catmax":0.02,"catdose":0.005,"dosemin":0.003,"dosemax":0.04,"dosestep":0.0005,"dosevalue":0.01,"range":"0.003-0.040 mg/kg/hr (3-40 mcg/kg/hr)"}],"decimal":2,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.005,"dosemin":0.001,"doseper":0.001,"dosestep":0.0001,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.001,"drugname":"Fentanyl","feline_dose":"","fentswitch":true,"hasFentanylContextSwitch":true,"fentanyl_context_default":{"canine":"awake","feline":"awake"},"fluids":"cri","formulations":"citrate250-mcg/5 ml injection (50 mcg/ml). Fentora buccal tablets are 100, 200, 400, 600, and 800 mcg.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Small Ruminants5-10 mcg/kg (0.005-0.010 mg/kg) IV.","loaddose":[{"name":"Fentanyl Loading (awake)","hasfelineDose":true,"dogmin":0.003,"dogmax":0.005,"dogdose":0.003,"catmin":0.003,"catmax":0.005,"catdose":0.003,"dosemin":0.003,"dosemax":0.005,"dosestep":0.0001,"dosevalue":0.003,"range":"0.003-0.005 mg/kg (3-5 mcg/kg)"}],"loaddose_awake":[{"name":"Fentanyl Loading (awake)","hasfelineDose":true,"dogmin":0.003,"dogmax":0.005,"dogdose":0.003,"catmin":0.003,"catmax":0.005,"catdose":0.003,"dosemin":0.003,"dosemax":0.005,"dosestep":0.0001,"dosevalue":0.003,"range":"0.003-0.005 mg/kg (3-5 mcg/kg)"}],"loaddose_anesthetized":[{"name":"Fentanyl Loading (anesthetized)","hasfelineDose":true,"dogmin":0.005,"dogmax":0.01,"dogdose":0.01,"catmin":0.003,"catmax":0.005,"catdose":0.005,"dosemin":0.003,"dosemax":0.01,"dosestep":0.0001,"dosevalue":0.01,"range":"0.003-0.010 mg/kg (3-10 mcg/kg)"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Fentanyl CRI","perkg":"mcg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.003-0.005 mg/kg","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Anesthetic uses:0.02-0.04 mg/kg q2h IV, SQ, or IM; if administered with acepromazine or diazepam, use 0.01 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ. Analgesic agent, 0.005-0.01 mg/kg q2h IV, IM, or SQ. Cat premedication prior to surgery:2-5 mcg/kg IV(0.002-0.005 mg/kg IV). CRI for pain control in cats:Start with a 3-5 mcg/kg (0.003-0.005 mg/kg) IV loading dose, then 2-5 mcg/kg/h, and increase up to 7 mcg/kg/h if necessary to control pain. CRI for pain control in dogs:Start with 0.003-0.005 mg/kg IV (3-5 mcg/kg) loading dose followed by 0.005 mg/kg/h (5 mcg/kg/h) and increase to 10 mcg/kg/h if necessary to control pain. CRI for maintenance of surgery in dogs:Administer 10 mcg/kg IV initially, then start CRI at 5 mcg/kg/h, and increase to 50 mcg/kg/h, if needed.","species":"All","value":501,"brandName":"Sublimaze, Duragesic","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"Lidocaine","calcID":"LidocaineCRI","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":20,"cridose":[{"dosemax":3,"dosemin":1.5,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":3,"name":"Lidocaine CRI","range":"1.5-3 mg/kg/hr *Dogs Only*"}],"decimal":2,"dosage":2,"dosemax":0.06,"dosemin":0.025,"doseper":2,"dosestep":0.005,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.03,"drugname":"Lidocaine","feline_dose":"","fluids":"cri","formulations":"2% injectable solution (20 mg/ml).","hide":"","indication":"Analgesia, anti-arrhythmic, prokinetic (dogs only).","large_animal_dosage":"","loaddose":[{"dosemax":2,"dosemin":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":1,"name":"Lidocaine Loading","range":"1-2 mg/kg *Dogs Only*"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Lidocaine CRI","criSingleOnly":true,"perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"1-2 mg/kg","route":"IV - *dogs only – not recommended in cats*","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs:Loading dose 1–2 mg/kg IV, followed by CRI 25–60 mcg/kg/min. Used for analgesia, ventricular arrhythmias, GDV, pancreatitis, ileus. Cats:CRI contraindicated.","species":"Dog","value":5120,"brandName":"Xylocaine","species_restriction":"dog_only"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"Ketamine","calcID":"KetamineCRI","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":100,"cridose":[{"name":"Ketamine CRI","dosevalue":0.6,"dosemin":0.3,"dosemax":0.6,"dosestep":0.05,"range":"0.3-0.6 mg/kg/hr (analgesia); 3-6 mg/kg/hr for marked MAC-sparing"}],"decimal":2,"dosage":1,"dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.25,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.002,"dosevalue":0.25,"drugname":"Ketamine","feline_dose":"","fluids":"cri","formulations":"Injectable solution 100 mg/ml.","hide":"","indication":"Analgesia, NMDA antagonism, opioid-sparing.","large_animal_dosage":"","loaddose":[{"name":"Ketamine Loading","dosevalue":0.5,"dosemin":0.5,"dosemax":1,"dosestep":0.1,"range":"0.5-1.0 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Ketamine CRI","criSingleOnly":true,"perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.25-0.5 mg/kg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Low-dose analgesic CRI. Dogs and cats:loading dose 0.25–0.5 mg/kg IV, followed by CRI 0.1–0.6 mg/kg/hr. Used for severe pain, opioid tolerance, wind-up prevention.","species":"All","value":5130,"brandName":"Ketaset, Vetalar, Ketalar","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"FurosemideL","calcID":"Furosemide2L","canine_dose":"2-6 mg/kg q8-12h (or as needed) IV, IM, SQ, or PO. A common initial dose when treating heart failure patients is 2 mg/kg q12h PO; then lower to 1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. In acute cases in which intensive treatment is needed, administer 2 mg/kg IV followed by 2 mg/kg every 30 minutes until improvement is seen. CRI:0.66 mg/kg bolus dose IV followed by 0.66 mg/kg/h for 8 hours. Alternatively, a dose of 2 mg/kg in 5% glucose can be infused over an 8-hour period IV.","class":"loading","concentration":50,"concSelect":[{"name":"50 mg/","perml":"ml","value":50,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2}],"cridose":[{"dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.5,"name":"Furosemide CRI","range":"0.1-1 mg/kg/hr"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.02,"drugname":"Furosemide","feline_dose":"Start with 1 mg/kg; then increase as needed, within a range of 1-4 mg/kg q8-24h IV, IM, SQ, or PO.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"12.5, 20, 40, 50, and 80 mg tablets; 20, 40, and 80 mg tablets (human preparation); 10 mg/ml oral solution (syrup); and 50 mg/ ml injection. Tablets usually can be easily split. A 2-g bolus is available for large animals, but oral absorption is uncertain.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses1 mg/kg q8h or 250-500 mg/horse at 6- to 8-hour intervals IM or IV. CRI:0.12 mg/kg IV followed by 0.12 mg/kg/h IV. Prevention of EIPH:0.5 or 1 mg/kg IV, administered 4 hours prior to exercise or administered 24 hours preracing. Consult local racetrack jurisdiction for restrictions on administration. Cattle500 mg/animal once a day or 250 mg/animal twice a day IM or IV.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":4,"dosemin":1,"dosestep":0.5,"dosevalue":2,"name":"Furosemide Loading","range":"1-4 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Furosemide CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV IM","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs2-6 mg/kg q8-12h (or as needed) IV, IM, SQ, or PO. A common initial dose when treating heart failure patients is 2 mg/kg q12h PO; then lower to 1-2 mg/kg q12h PO. In acute cases in which intensive treatment is needed, administer 2 mg/kg IV followed by 2 mg/kg every 30 minutes until improvement is seen. CRI:0.66 mg/kg bolus dose IV followed by 0.66 mg/kg/h for 8 hours. Alternatively, a dose of 2 mg/kg in 5% glucose can be infused over an 8-hour period IV. CatsStart with 1 mg/kg; then increase as needed, within a range of 1-4 mg/kg q8-24h IV, IM, SQ, or PO.","species":"All","value":502,"brandName":"Lasix, Salix, Disal","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"HydromorphoneL","calcID":"Hydromorphone2L","canine_dose":"0.22 mg/kg IM or SQ. Repeat q4-6h or as needed for pain treatment. 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, repeated q2h or as necessary. A dose of 0.1 mg/kg may be used with acepromazine as a preoperative sedative. CRI:0.01 mg/kg/h IV.","class":"loading","concentration":2,"concSelect":[{"name":"2 mg/","perml":"ml","value":2,"id":1},{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":2}],"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.075,"dosemin":0.01,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.025,"name":"Hydromorphone CRI","range":"0.024-0.072 mg/kg/hr"}],"decimal":3,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Hydromorphone","feline_dose":"0.1-0.2 mg/kg SQ or IM or 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV q2-6h (as needed). Epidural dose:0.05 mg/kg, diluted in saline to 0.2 ml/kg (1 ml per cat). Dose to produce emesis (for poisoning):0.1 mg/kg SQ once.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"1 mg/ml oral solution; 2, 4, and 8 mg tablets; and 1, 2, 4, and 10 mg/ml injection. Exalgo is an extended-release formulation for people in 8, 12, and 16 mg tablets that allows for once-daily treatment. This formulation has not been evaluated in animals.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesEpidural:0.04 mg/kg diluted in 0.9% saline to 20 ml. No systemic doses have been reported.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.05,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.05,"name":"Hydromorphone Loading","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Hydromorphone CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05-0.1 mg/kg","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.22 mg/kg IM or SQ. Repeat q4-6h or as needed for pain treatment. 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV, repeated q2h or as necessary. A dose of 0.1 mg/kg may be used with acepromazine as a preoperative sedative. CRI:0.01 mg/kg/h IV. Cats0.1-0.2 mg/kg SQ or IM or 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV q2-6h (as needed). Epidural dose:0.05 mg/kg, diluted in saline to 0.2 ml/kg (1 ml per cat). Dose to produce emesis (for poisoning):0.1 mg/kg SQ once.","species":"All","value":503,"brandName":"Dilaudid","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"MetaclopramideL","calcID":"Metaclopramide2L","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":5,"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.09,"dosemin":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.05,"name":"Metaclopramide CRI","range":"0.01-0.09 mg/kg/hr"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.05,"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Metaclopramide","feline_dose":"","fluids":"cri","hide":"","indication":"","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"name":"Metaclopramide Loading","range":"0.2-0.4 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Metaclopramide CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV IM","route":"IV","species":"All","value":504,"brandName":"Reglan","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","calc":"MethadoneL","calcID":"Methadone2L","canine_dose":"0.1-0.5 mg/kg IV or 0.5-2.2 mg/kg q3-4h SQ or IM.","class":"loading","concentration":10,"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.166,"dosemin":0.08,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.12,"name":"Methadone CRI","range":"0.083-0.166 mg/kg/hr"}],"decimal":3,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.1,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Methadone","feline_dose":"0.3-0.6 mg/kg q3-4h IV, SQ, or IM. Cats have tolerated doses up to 0.6 mg/kg IM, with a 4-hour duration of activity. Oral mucosal administration is approximately two times the IV dose because of less than 50% absorption.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"1- and 2 mg/ml oral solution; 5, 10, and 40 mg tablets; and 10 mg/ml injectable solution. There is a licensed formulation of methadone for cats available in some European countries.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses0.15 mg/kg IV or IM q6-8h. Oral administration also has been used, with some evidence of adequate oral absorption.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.7,"dosemin":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.1,"name":"Methadone Loading","range":"0.5 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Methadone CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.5 mg/kg IV or 0.5-2.2 mg/kg q3-4h SQ or IM. Cats0.3-0.6 mg/kg q3-4h IV, SQ, or IM. Cats have tolerated doses up to 0.6 mg/kg IM, with a 4-hour duration of activity. Oral mucosal administration is approximately two times the IV dose because of less than 50% absorption.","species":"All","value":505,"brandName":"Dolophine","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"MidazolamL","calcID":"Midazolam2L","canine_dose":"0.1-0.25 mg/kg IV or IM. 0.1-0.3 mg/kg/h IV infusion. Status epilepticus:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV bolus or 0.2 mg/kg administered intranasal in a 5 mg/ml solution. Oral administration:midazolam syrup (2 mg/ml), 0.5-0.75 mg/kg for sedation (dose extrapolated from pediatric use).","class":"loading","concentration":1,"concSelect":[{"name":"5 mg/","perml":"ml","value":5,"id":1},{"name":"1 mg/","perml":"ml","value":1,"id":2}],"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.2,"dosestep":0.05,"dosevalue":0.2,"name":"Midazolam CRI","range":"0.2-0.4 mg/kg/hr"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":1,"dosage":0.2,"dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.2,"drugname":"Midazolam","feline_dose":"Sedation:0.05 mg/kg IV. Induction of anesthesia:0.3-0.6 mg/kg IV combined with 3 mg/kg of ketamine. (Additional doses of ketamine at 1-2 mg/kg can be administered as needed.)","fluids":"cri","formulations":"5 mg/ml injection. Midazolam intranasal spray (Nayzilam)single-dose 5 mg/0.1 ml spray. Midazolam oral syrupcherry-flavored syrup for children in a concentration of 2 mg/ml.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"PigsUp to 0.5 mg/kg IM, usually in combination with ketamine. HorsesNeonatal seizures in foals:0.1-0.2 mg/kg (5-10 mg per foal) IV over 15-20 minutes or IM followed by 3 mg/h IV (range, 2-6 ml/h) CRI to control seizures. The infusion dose is prepared by adding 10 ml (5 mg/ml) to 100 ml of saline to make a solution of 0.5 mg/ml. Anesthetic adjunct in horses:0.1 mg/kg IV administered with ketamine (2.2 mg/kg) or other anesthetics (e.g., xylazine). Sheep0.5 mg/kg IV or IM for short-term sedation.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.3,"dosemin":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"name":"Midazolam Loading","range":"0.1 - 0.3 mg/kg SC,IM,IV"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Midazolam CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.1 - 0.2 mg/kg","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs0.1-0.25 mg/kg IV or IM. 0.1-0.3 mg/kg/h IV infusion. Status epilepticus:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV bolus or 0.2 mg/kg administered intranasal in a 5 mg/ml solution. Oral administration:midazolam syrup (2 mg/ml), 0.5-0.75 mg/kg for sedation (dose extrapolated from pediatric use). CatsSedation:0.05 mg/kg IV. Induction of anesthesia:0.3-0.6 mg/kg IV combined with 3 mg/kg of ketamine. (Additional doses of ketamine at 1-2 mg/kg can be administered as needed.)","species":"All","value":506,"brandName":"Versed","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"MorphineL","calcID":"Morphine2L","canine_dose":"Analgesia:0.5 mg/kg q2h IV or IM. However, the full dose range is 0.1-1 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q4h, depending on the desired effect (dosage is escalated as needed to control severity of pain). CRI:Loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1 mg/kg/h. This may be increased to a loading dose of 0.3 mg/kg followed by 0.17 mg/kg/h for more severe pain. Doses as high as a loading dose of 0.6 mg/kg followed by 0.34 mg/kg IV have been used in experimental dogs without producing adverse effects. Oral dosing:Regular tablets should not be used. Sustained-release tablets have been used at a dosage of 15 or 30 mg per dog q8-12h PO, but studies have shown these tablets to be inconsistently and poorly absorbed in dogs. Epidural:0.1 mg/kg. Combination of MLK:mixed as 100 mg/ml of ketamine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) + 20 mg/ml of lidocaine (30 ml per 500 ml fluids), and 15 mg/ml of morphine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) and infused at a rate of morphine, 0.24 mg/kg h; lidocaine, 3 mg/kg/h; and ketamine, 0.6 mg/kg/h, administered as CRI for perioperative analgesia.","class":"morph","concentration":"","concSelect":[{"name":"10 mg/","perml":"ml","value":10,"id":1},{"name":"15 mg/","perml":"ml","value":15,"id":2},{"name":"25 mg/","perml":"ml","value":25,"id":3}],"cridose":[{"catdose":0.03,"catmax":"0.05","catmin":"0.02","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.03 mg/kg/hr (0.5 µg/kg/min)</span>","dogdose":0.12,"dogmax":"0.36","dogmin":"0.12","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>0.12 to 0.36 mg/kg/hr (2 to 6 µg/kg/min</span>","dosemax":0.36,"dosemin":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.12,"hasfelineDose":true,"name":"Morphine CRI","outputtext":"morphSpeciesCRI","range":"0.12-0.36 mg/kg/hr"}],"decimal":2,"dosage":0.02,"dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.02,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.1,"drugname":"Morphine","feline_dose":"Analgesia:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ q3-6h (or as needed). CRI:loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.05-0.1 mg/kg/h IV. Epidural 0.1 mg/kg diluted in saline to 0.3 ml/kg.","fluids":"cri","formulations":"Injection formulations:Morphine1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 15, 25, and 50 mg/ml injection (most common is 15 mg/ml) Oral formulations:15 and 30 mg tablets and extended-release tablets in 15, 30, 60, 100, and 200 mg (MS Contin, Oramorph SR, or generic brands). Morphine pentahydrate (Avinza)60 mg capsules.","hide":"","indication":"","inputclass":".morph","large_animal_dosage":"HorsesFor light chemical restraint, use 0.3-0.5 mg/kg IV, in combination with other sedatives. For mild pain, start with 0.1-0.2 mg/kg IV or IM q6h. For more severe pain, gradually increase to 0.5-1 mg/kg IV or IM. Give IV doses slowly. Morphine may cause excitement in horses, and it is advised to first sedate with an alpha2 agonist or another sedative. Intra-articular (use preservative-free solutions):0.05 mg/kg; start with initial concentration of 20 mg/ml solution and dilute in saline to 5 mg/ml and administered at a rate of 1 ml per joint per 100 kg of body weight.RuminantsThe benefits of using morphine in ruminants are controversial. However, 0.05-0.1 mg/kg IV and up to 0.4 mg/kg IV have been used to treat pain and in perioperative situations.","loaddose":[{"catdose":0.1,"catmax":"0.4","catmin":"0.1","cattext":"<span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> 0.10 mg/kg IM</span>","dogdose":0.1,"dogmax":"0.5","dogmin":"0.1","dogtext":"<span class='dogcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-dog'></i>0.1 - 0.5 mg/kg IV IM</span>","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.1,"hasfelineDose":true,"name":"Morphine Loading","outputtext":"morphSpeciesLoad","range":"0.1 - 0.5 mg/kg"}],"morphtext":true,"multiply":1,"name":"Morphine CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.1 - 0.5 mg/kg","route":"IV,IM","small_animal_dosage":"DogsAnalgesia:0.5 mg/kg q2h IV or IM. However, the full dose range is 0.1-1 mg/kg IV, IM, or SQ q4h, depending on the desired effect (dosage is escalated as needed to control severity of pain). CRI:Loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.1 mg/kg/h. This may be increased to a loading dose of 0.3 mg/kg followed by 0.17 mg/kg/h for more severe pain. Doses as high as a loading dose of 0.6 mg/kg followed by 0.34 mg/kg IV have been used in experimental dogs without producing adverse effects. Oral dosing:Regular tablets should not be used. Sustained-release tablets have been used at a dosage of 15 or 30 mg per dog q8-12h PO, but studies have shown these tablets to be inconsistently and poorly absorbed in dogs. Epidural:0.1 mg/kg. Combination of MLK:mixed as 100 mg/ml of ketamine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) + 20 mg/ml of lidocaine (30 ml per 500 ml fluids), and 15 mg/ml of morphine (1.6 ml per 500 ml fluids) and infused at a rate of morphine, 0.24 mg/kg h; lidocaine, 3 mg/kg/h; and ketamine, 0.6 mg/kg/h, administered as CRI for perioperative analgesia. CatsAnalgesia:0.1-0.2 mg/kg IM, IV, or SQ q3-6h (or as needed). CRI:loading dose of 0.2 mg/kg IV followed by 0.05-0.1 mg/kg/h IV. Epidural 0.1 mg/kg diluted in saline to 0.3 ml/kg.","species":"All","value":507,"brandName":"Duramorph, Astramorph","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"NitroprussideL","calcID":"Nitroprusside2L","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":25,"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.6,"dosemin":0.06,"dosestep":0.06,"dosevalue":0.12,"name":"Nitroprusside CRI","range":"0.06-0.6 mg/kg/hr, Monitor BP constantly"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.05,"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Nitroprusside","feline_dose":"","fluids":"cri","formulations":"","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"No large animal doses are reported.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"name":"Nitroprusside Loading","range":"0.2-0.4 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Nitroprusside CRI","noLoadingDose":true,"perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV IM","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"1-5 mcg/kg/min IV, up to a maximum of 10 mcg/kg/min. Generally, start with 2 mcg/kg/min and increase gradually by 1 mcg/kg/min until desired blood pressure is achieved.","species":"All","value":508,"brandName":"Nipride, Nitropress","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"NorepinephrineL","calcID":"Norepinephrine2L","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":1,"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.12,"dosemin":0.003,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.004,"name":"Norepinephrine CRI","range":"0.003-0.12 mg/kg/hr, Monitor BP constantly"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.004,"dosemax":0.12,"dosemin":0.003,"doseper":0.004,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.004,"drugname":"Norepinephrine","feline_dose":"","fluids":"cri","hide":"","indication":"","loaddose":[{"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":0.2,"name":"Norepinephrine Loading","range":"0.2-0.4 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Norepinephrine CRI","noLoadingDose":true,"perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","range":"","route":"IV CRI","species":"All","value":509,"brandName":"Levophed","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","calc":"PropofolL","calcID":"Propofol2L","canine_dose":"(e.g., a lower dose of 3 mg/kg can be used). After initial induction, maintenance doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be used. CRI:5-6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 100-450 mcg/kg/min (or 6-25 mg/kg/h). In some animals the rate may be as high as 600 mcg/kg/min (36 mg/kg/h) if they are not premedicated. If other agents are included in the protocol (e.g., ketamine), the dose can be decreased. Status epilepticus:1-6 mg/kg IV (to effect) followed by a CRI of 0.1-0.6 mg/kg/min.","class":"loading","concentration":10,"cridose":[{"dosemax":36,"dosemin":6,"dosestep":1,"dosevalue":6,"name":"Propofol CRI","range":"6-36 mg/kg/hr (100-600 mcg/kg/min), in 5% D5W"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.05,"dosemax":0.4,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.05,"drugname":"Propofol","feline_dose":"Anesthesia induction:4-8 mg/kg IV slowly. The approved label lists higher doses, but most cats can be induced with approximately 6 mg/kg IV. After the initial dose, incremental doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be administered as needed. If other preanesthetics and sedatives are used, reduce by 16%-24%. If combined with midazolam, the propofol requirement listed can be reduced by as much as 25%. CRI:6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 200-300 mcg/kg/min (12-18 mg/kg/h) IV. For short-term procedures, the total dose is 15 mg/kg for a 30-minute protocol. CRI infusion with ketamine in cats:0.025 mg/min/kg + ketamine 23-46 mcg/kg/min. Short-term surgery:10 mg/kg IV dose delivered over 1 minute (duration of anesthesia, 10-20 minutes).","fluids":"cri","formulations":"The human formulation of propofol1% (10 mg/ml) injection in 20-ml ampules. The veterinary formulationmultidose vials containing 10 mg of propofol per milliliter. Propofol is only slightly soluble in water; therefore it is formulated in a white, oil-in-water emulsion. It also contains soybean oil (100 mg/ml), glycerol (22.5 mg/ml), egg lecithin (12 mg/ml), and oleic acid (0.6 mg/ml) with sodium hydroxide to adjust the pH. The propofol emulsion is isotonic and has a pH of 6.0-9.0. The formulation PropoFlo 28 has benzyl alcohol added as a preservative. Note:The formulation known as PropoClear emulsion for dogs and cats (without lipids) was associated with adverse reactions and has been removed from the market.","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"Horses2 mg/kg IV bolus. Guaifenesin (90 mg/kg IV) or another sedative should be administered prior to propofol to prevent excitement and myotonus and other problems during recovery.Small Ruminants4 mg/kg IV. Pigs2-5 mg/kg IV.","loaddose":[{"dosemax":8,"dosemin":2.2,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":3,"name":"Propofol Loading","range":"2.2-8 mg/kg"}],"multiply":1,"name":"Propofol CRI","perkg":"mg/kg","perminute":"","perml":"mg/ml","range":"0.05 - 0.1 mg/kg IV IM","route":"IV","small_animal_dosage":"Dogs(e.g., a lower dose of 3 mg/kg can be used). After initial induction, maintenance doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be used. CRI:5-6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 100-450 mcg/kg/min (or 6-25 mg/kg/h). In some animals the rate may be as high as 600 mcg/kg/min (36 mg/kg/h) if they are not premedicated. If other agents are included in the protocol (e.g., ketamine), the dose can be decreased. Status epilepticus:1-6 mg/kg IV (to effect) followed by a CRI of 0.1-0.6 mg/kg/min. CatsAnesthesia induction:4-8 mg/kg IV slowly. The approved label lists higher doses, but most cats can be induced with approximately 6 mg/kg IV. After the initial dose, incremental doses of 1-3 mg/kg IV can be administered as needed. If other preanesthetics and sedatives are used, reduce by 16%-24%. If combined with midazolam, the propofol requirement listed can be reduced by as much as 25%. CRI:6 mg/kg slowly IV followed by 200-300 mcg/kg/min (0.2-0.3 mg/kg/h) IV. For short-term procedures, the total dose is 15 mg/kg for a 30-minute protocol. CRI infusion with ketamine in cats:0.025 mg/min/kg + ketamine 23-46 mcg/kg/min. Short-term surgery:10 mg/kg IV dose delivered over 1 minute (duration of anesthesia, 10-20 minutes).","species":"All","value":510,"brandName":"PropoFlo, Diprivan","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"","calc":"PhosphateL","calcID":"Phosphate2L","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":3,"cridose":[{"dosemax":0.03,"dosemin":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"dosevalue":0.01,"name":"Phosphorus CRI","range":"0.01-0.03 mmol/kg/hour in 0.9% NaCl or 5% D5W <a href=\"#\"class=\"link icon-only popover-open\"data-popover=\".Phosphate-popover\"><span class=\"inline-flex shrink-0 items-center rounded-md bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900 px-2 py-0.5 text-xs font-medium text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-200 ring-1 ring-inset ring-blue-600/20\">Info</span></a><div class=\"Phosphate-popover popover\"><div class=\"popover-angle\"></div><div class=\"popover-inner p-2\"> <p>Monitor patient Phosphorus levels. For Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA), CRI doses as high as 0.10 - 0.12 mmol/kg/hour have been suggested</p> </div> </div>"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":0.01,"dosemax":0.03,"dosemin":0.01,"doseper":0.01,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":0.01,"drugname":"Phosphorus (Na or K Phosphate)","feline_dose":"","fluids":"cri","hide":"","indication":"","loaddose":[{"dosemax":"","dosemin":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","name":"","range":""}],"multiply":1,"name":"Na-K Phosphate CRI","noLoadingDose":true,"perkg":"mmol/kg","perminute":true,"perml":"mmol/ml","range":"0.01-0.03 mmol/kg/hour","route":"IV","species":"All","value":511,"brandName":"K-Phos, Neutra-Phos","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"U","appendvol":"","calc":"InsulinCRIL","calcID":"InsulinCRI2L","canine_dose":"","class":"loading","concentration":100,"cridose":[{"name":"Regular Insulin CRI","dosevalue":2.2,"dosemin":1.1,"dosemax":2.2,"dosestep":0.1,"hasfelineDose":true,"dogdose":2.2,"dogmin":2.2,"dogmax":2.2,"catdose":1.1,"catmin":1.1,"catmax":1.1,"range":"U/kg added to 250 mL 0.9% NaCl (dog 2.2, cat 1.1)"}],"criSingleOnly":true,"decimal":2,"dosage":"","dosemax":2.2,"dosemin":0.1,"doseper":0.05,"dosestep":0.01,"doseT":true,"dosevalue":2.2,"drugname":"Regular Insulin","feline_dose":"1.1","fluids":"cri","formulations":"","hide":"","indication":"","large_animal_dosage":"","loaddose":[{"dosemax":"","dosemin":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","name":"Insulin Loading","range":""}],"multiply":1,"name":"Insulin CRI","perkg":"U/kg","perminute":"","perml":"U/ml","range":"1.1 - 2.2 units/kg","route":"IV CRI","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","value":512,"brandName":"Humulin R, Novolin R","species_restriction":"dog_cat"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Dextrose5","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":"","decimal":1,"dogdose":"2.2","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"2.2","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"fluids":"Dextrose5","formulations":"Fluid solution for IV administration is 5% dextrose, which contains 5 g of glucose per 100 ml (50 g/L). Fifty percent dextrose contains 500 mg/ml (50 g/100 ml). For treatment in large animals, add a 500-ml bottle of 50% dextrose to a 5-L bag of IV fluids.","hide":"","index":204,"large_animal_dosage":"Horses:Treatment of hyperkalemia:8-16 mg/kg per minute infusion as an emergency treatment for life-threatening hyperkalemia. See the Formulation section for mixing solutions. An infusion can be administered IV over 1 hour. For milder cases, administer 1-2 mg/kg per minute IV. Calves, Cattle, andHorsesFive percent dextrose solution:45 ml/kg q24h IV. Cows:0.1-0.2 gm/kg/h IV of dextrose 50% solution for 5 days to treat hepatic lipidosis and ketosis.","multiply":"","name":"Dextrose 5%","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"Dilute 50% Dextrose to 5%","small_animal_dosage":"Five percent dextrose solution:40-50 ml/kg q24h IV. In emergency hypoglycemic crisis:1-ml 50% dextrose solution IV diluted with saline.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":513,"brandName":"D5W"},{"appendose":"mEq","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Potassium_Chloride","calcID":"","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2,"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosemin":0.25,"dosemax":0.5,"dosevalue":0.3,"dosestep":1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"kcl","formulations":"Fluid solution for IV administration is 5% dextrose, which contains 5 g of glucose per 100 ml (50 g/L). Fifty percent dextrose contains 500 mg/ml (50 g/100 ml). For treatment in large animals, add a 500-ml bottle of 50% dextrose to a 5-L bag of IV fluids.","hide":"","large_animal_dosage":"Cattle and Horses:Supplement in IV fluids to 20-40 mEq of potassium per liter of fluids. Do not exceed a rate of 0.5 mEq/kg/h IV.Oral supplement to cows either as a solution or bolus:52 g of potassium (100 g of potassium chloride) per cow per day.","multiply":"","name":"Potassium Chloride (KCl)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mEq/kg","perml":"mEq/ml","route":"0.5 mEq/kg/hr","small_animal_dosage":"Supplement:0.5 mEq potassium/kg/day or add 10-40 mEq/500 ml of fluids, depending on serum potassium. Acute treatment of hypokalemia:0.5 mEq potassium/kg/h.","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":514,"brandName":"K-Lor, Klor-Con"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","brandName":"Questran","calc":"Cholestyramine","calcID":"Cholestyramine2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":2,"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":0.5,"dosemin":0.3,"doseper":0.3,"dosestep":"","dosevalue":0.3,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"","formulations":"","hide":"","large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":"","name":"Cholestyramine","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO TID x 3-5 days","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"dog_cat","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":515},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"ml","bsa":"","calc":"Velagliflozin","calcID":"Velagliflozin2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":15,"decimal":1,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":1,"dosemin":0.5,"doseper":1,"dosestep":0.1,"dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"1","hasfelineDose":"","fluids":"","formulations":"","hide":"","large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":"","name":"Velagliflozin (Senvelgo)","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/kg","perml":"mg/ml","route":"PO SID, <span class='catcheck' style='display:inline;'><i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i> Cat's Only</span>","infoLink":"Diabetes mellitus in cats not previously treated with insulin. FDA label dosage:1 mg/kg PO once daily regardless of blood glucose value. Give at approximately the same time every day","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"All","species_restriction":"cat_only","speciesChange":"","tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":516,"brandName":"Senvelgo"},{"administration":"Oral tablets","adverseEffects":"May cause hypoglycemia, dehydration, urinary tract infections. Monitor blood glucose levels regularly.","appendose":"mg","appendvol":"tab","brandName":"Bexacat","bsa":"","calc":"Bexagliflozin","calcID":"bexagliflozin","canine_dose":"Not approved for use in dogs","canineDosage":"","catdose":"","category":"Antidiabetic","cattext":"15 mg/cat PO q24h","class":"drug","color":"purple","fluids":"setWeight","doseType":"setWeight","setDoseAmount":"1","setDoseWeight":"1","weightUnit":"kg","minWeight":"3","perAnimal":true,"decimal":0,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"Not approved for use in dogs","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":"","drugName":"Bexagliflozin","feline_dose":"15 mg/cat PO every 24 hours. For cats weighing 3 kg or greater and not previously treated with insulin.","felineDosage":"15 mg/cat PO q24h","hasfelineDose":true,"formulations":"15-mg tablets","hide":true,"index":130,"indication":"Treatment of diabetes mellitus in cats weighing 3 kg or greater and not previously treated with insulin.","infoLink":"FDA-approved for use in cats. <b>Only for cats weighing 3 kg or greater and not previously treated with insulin.</b>","large_animal_dosage":"Not applicable","name":"Bexagliflozin","outputtext":"","perkg":"mg/cat","perml":"mg/tablet","route":"PO q24h, <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i><b>*CATS ONLY*</b>","small_animal_dosage":"Cats:15 mg/cat PO every 24 hours. For cats weighing 3 kg or greater and not previously treated with insulin.","species":"Feline","species_restriction":"cat_only","speciesChange":true,"title":"Bexagliflozin (Bexacat)","value":517,"concentration":15,"concSelect":[{"name":"15mg/","perml":"tab","value":15,"id":1}],"concs":"15"},{"appendose":"mg","appendvol":"Vials","bsa":"","brandName":"Frunevetmab","calc":"Solensia","calcID":"Solensia2","canine_dose":"","catdose":"","category":"Other","cattext":"","class":"drug","color":"green","concentration":7,"decimal":2,"dogdose":"","dogtext":"","dosage":"","dosemax":"","dosemin":"","doseper":"","dosestep":"","dosevalue":1,"feline_dose":"","hasfelineDose":true,"fluids":"setWeight","formulations":"","hide":true,"index":201,"large_animal_dosage":"","multiply":"","name":"Solensia","weightUnit":"kg","minWeight":"2.5","maxWeight":"14","setDoseAmount":"1","setDoseWeight":"7.1","outputtext":"","perkg":"","perml":"mg/ml","route":"SQ <i class='resultDose fas fa-cat'></i><b>*CATS ONLY*</b>","small_animal_dosage":"","species":"Feline","species_restriction":"cat_only","speciesChange":true,"tracheal":"","trachID":"","value":492}]